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Questions and Answers
What significant calculating tool is known to date back to 2400 BC?
What significant calculating tool is known to date back to 2400 BC?
- Pascaline
- Abacus (correct)
- Analytical Engine
- Leibniz Calculator
Which of the following machines was primarily an adding machine developed in the 17th century?
Which of the following machines was primarily an adding machine developed in the 17th century?
- Analytical Engine
- Pascaline (correct)
- Leibniz Calculator
- Abacus
Who is credited with the invention of the Analytical Engine?
Who is credited with the invention of the Analytical Engine?
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Blaise Pascal
- Alan Turing
- Charles Babbage (correct)
What was the main functionality of the Leibniz Calculator?
What was the main functionality of the Leibniz Calculator?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of Babbage's Analytical Engine?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of Babbage's Analytical Engine?
What role did Blaise Pascal have in the development of early calculating machines?
What role did Blaise Pascal have in the development of early calculating machines?
Which statement about the Abacus is correct?
Which statement about the Abacus is correct?
What was a unique feature of Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine?
What was a unique feature of Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine?
Who is commonly recognized as the first computer programmer?
Who is commonly recognized as the first computer programmer?
What was the primary purpose of the tabulating machine developed by Herman Hollerith?
What was the primary purpose of the tabulating machine developed by Herman Hollerith?
In what year did Alan Turing write his significant paper on computable numbers?
In what year did Alan Turing write his significant paper on computable numbers?
What concept did Alan Turing's paper introduce that is essential to modern computing?
What concept did Alan Turing's paper introduce that is essential to modern computing?
What was Lady Ada Lovelace's primary field of expertise?
What was Lady Ada Lovelace's primary field of expertise?
Which of the following individuals worked on the field of cryptanalysis?
Which of the following individuals worked on the field of cryptanalysis?
What year was Herman Hollerith born?
What year was Herman Hollerith born?
Which computing model encapsulates fundamental logical principles of digital computers?
Which computing model encapsulates fundamental logical principles of digital computers?
What significant contribution did Alan Turing make during World War II?
What significant contribution did Alan Turing make during World War II?
Which of the following best describes Alan Turing's view of the human brain?
Which of the following best describes Alan Turing's view of the human brain?
What was the impact of Turing's work on artificial intelligence?
What was the impact of Turing's work on artificial intelligence?
What did the 'Alan Turing law' enacted in 2016 accomplish?
What did the 'Alan Turing law' enacted in 2016 accomplish?
Which computer pioneer invented the Z1-Z4 machines?
Which computer pioneer invented the Z1-Z4 machines?
What was the purpose of the Harvard Mark-1 computer?
What was the purpose of the Harvard Mark-1 computer?
Who conceived the idea for the Harvard Mark-1?
Who conceived the idea for the Harvard Mark-1?
What was the primary function of the early computing devices mentioned in the checkpoint?
What was the primary function of the early computing devices mentioned in the checkpoint?
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Study Notes
Early Computing Devices
- The abacus is an early calculation tool, dating back to 2400 BC, that supports basic arithmetic operations.
- The Pascaline, invented in the 17th century by Blaise Pascal, was an early mechanical calculator that could add and subtract numbers.
- Leibniz's Calculator, also from the 17th century, was more advanced, able to perform addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication.
Mechanical Computers
- Charles Babbage is known as the "Father of the Computer" for his concept of a programmable computer, the Analytical Engine, in the 18th century.
- The Analytical Engine used punched cards for input and contained elements resembling modern digital computers.
- Lady Ada Lovelace, a mathematician, is recognized as the first computer programmer for her work on the Analytical Engine.
- Konrad Zuse created the first programmable computer, the Z1, in 1936, followed by the Z4 in 1943.
- Zuse aimed to simplify complex calculations while studying construction.
The Transition to Modern Computers
- Herman Hollerith invented the tabulating machine, which used punched cards to represent data, for the 1890 US Census.
- Alan Turing, the father of modern computer science, made significant contributions to breaking the Enigma code during World War II and was a pioneer of artificial intelligence.
- He is credited with creating the Turing Machine, an abstract computer model encapsulating digital computer principles.
- The Harvard Mark 1, completed in 1937, was a room-sized, relay-based calculator considered a major technological achievement.
- The HP 200A Audio Oscillator, released in 1939, marked the founding of Hewlett-Packard.
Checkpoint 1 Answers
- 3 Earliest Computing Devices: The abacus, Pascaline, Leibniz's Calculator.
- Charles Babbage: Analytical Engine
- Konrad Zuse: Z1-Z4
- Herman Hollerith: Tabulating Machine
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