History of Assessment in Recreational Therapy
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Questions and Answers

Prior to the 1950s, how were clients typically assigned within recreational therapy settings?

  • Based on their performance in standardized physical fitness tests.
  • Based on the psychological impact of their hospitalization. (correct)
  • According to their expressed interest in certain recreational activities.
  • According to their specific medical diagnoses.

    • In the 1950s, what was a primary shift in the approach to recreational therapy assessments?

  • The move away from active participation to passive observation.
  • The integration of recreational activities as the tool of assessment (correct)
  • The use of more standardized psychological tests to complement the therapy program.
  • The increased focus on physical improvements.

    • What did Dr. John Eisele Davis emphasize regarding the role of the recreational therapist in assessment?

  • The importance of conducting formal interviews.
  • The beneficial position of recreational therapists to observe and discover diagnostic material while participating in play. (correct)
  • The need for direct communication with medical staff to gather data.
  • The value of the therapist remaining neutral and detached from the emotional aspects of the client.

    • What areas were commonly assessed using recreational activities in 1950s?

    <p>Pre- and Post-operative health, such as in calisthenics, ball skills, and sports. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of therapeutic methods according to Dr. Davis?

    <p>Methods are most effective when they are motivated, stimulated, and sustained through interest, incentive and effort. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the primary objectives of recreation therapy in hospitals as stated by Bernie Phillips?

    <p>To assist doctors and improve patient life satisfaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which standardized test was the first developed specifically for recreational therapy in the 1960s?

    <p>Mundy Inventory for the Trainable Mentally Retarded (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable focus of recreational therapy assessments in the 1970s?

    <p>Competency in assessment by professionals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key trend in the 1980s significantly impacted assessment in recreational therapy?

    <p>Rise of commercial assessment instruments and standardized processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major development in the 2000s concerning recreational therapy assessments?

    <p>Increased focus on interdisciplinary screening approaches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Leisure Activities Blank was developed in which decade as a tool for recreational therapy?

    <p>1970s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect was particularly emphasized in the 1990s regarding recreational therapy assessments?

    <p>Research on current assessment methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the 1960s, which inventory focused on the leisure interests of individuals with mental disabilities?

    <p>Leisure Interest Inventory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The increased availability of commercial assessment instruments in the 1980s was meant to enhance what aspect of recreational therapy?

    <p>Validity and reliability of assessment methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assessment tool was developed to gauge social skills in activity therapy during the 1970s?

    <p>Walshe Temperament Survey (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Early Recreational Therapy Assessments (Pre-1950s)

    Assessment focused on the psychological benefits of recreation, with clients categorized into 'grades' based on their emotional response to hospitalization.

    Clinical Focus in Recreational Therapy Assessments (1950s)

    Recreational therapy assessments became more clinically focused, using activities to assess a person's functional abilities. This shift emphasized the use of recreation as a direct assessment tool rather than simply a therapeutic activity.

    Dr. John Eisele Davis

    A pioneering figure in recreational therapy, recognized for his contributions like "Clinical Applications of Recreational Therapy." His work emphasized the diagnostic value of recreational activities in understanding individuals.

    Recreational Therapists' Position to Discover Diagnostic Material

    A recreational therapist's unique ability to observe and understand an individual's behavior and emotions while they are engaged in play or recreational activities.

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    Power of Natural Context in Play and Recreation

    The use of natural context of play and recreation as a powerful motivator for therapeutic intervention.

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    National Recreation Accreditation Project

    A set of standards for therapeutic recreation program preparation. Developed for assessing the qualifications of professionals in the field.

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    Mundy Inventory for the Trainable Mentally Retarded

    The first standardized test in therapeutic recreation, designed for assessing the functional abilities of individuals with mental retardation.

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    Leisure Interest Inventory

    A standardized assessment tool that measures an individual's interest and engagement in different leisure activities. Useful for understanding preferences and creating personalized therapies.

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    Community Integration Program (CIP)

    A group of assessment tools focusing on developing functional, everyday skills needed for successful integration into the community. Used to identify challenges and build necessary skills for participation in community life.

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    Multi-method Approach to RT Assessment

    A comprehensive approach to therapeutic recreation (RT) assessment that includes diverse methods for gaining insights into an individual's strengths, needs, and preferences.

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    RT Assessment

    The process of gathering information about a client's recreational needs, interests, and abilities. This helps RT professionals design personalized therapy plans.

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    Functional Outcome Assessment

    A systematic method of examining the effectiveness of therapeutic recreation interventions and their impact on a client's health, well-being, and functional abilities.

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    Funnel Approach

    A streamlined approach to therapy assessment, focusing on quickly identifying key needs and prioritizing treatments for maximum efficiency.

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    Computerized Health Records

    A shift towards utilizing electronic records for managing healthcare data, including assessments, therapy plans, and outcomes data.

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    Therapeutic Recreation Objectives

    A central objective of therapeutic recreation: to help patients achieve maximum well-being and restoration of their functional abilities.

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    Study Notes

    History of Assessment in RT

    • Assessment in recreational therapy (RT) prior to the 1950s was limited, primarily using "games therapy" approaches.
    • Assessments focused on psychological coping benefits rather than standardized measurements.
    • Clients were categorized into different "grades" based on the psychological impact of hospitalization.
    • No standardized assessment tools existed.

    RT Assessments in the 1950s

    • Assessments became more clinically based.
    • Clinical applications of recreational therapy emerged (Davis, 1952).
    • Recreational activity was used to assess function.
    • Recreation was used as an assessment tool.

    Example of Assessment in the 1950s

    • Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-operatively.
    • Example activities included calisthenics, balloon activities, ball skills, ring toss, table tennis, and sports.
    • Assessment techniques were crude and simplistic, observational.

    Dr. John Eisele Davis

    • Developed "Principles and Practice of Recreational Therapy for the Mentally III" (1936).
    • Authored "Clinical Applications of Recreational Therapy" (1952).
    • Worked as a recreational therapist at Perry Point Mental Hospital.

    New Discoveries (1936)

    • Recreational therapists have a unique position to discover significant diagnostic material through observation of individuals in play.
    • Effective therapeutic approaches are motivated, stimulated, and sustained through interest, incentive, and effort related to the context of play and recreation.

    Dr. "Bernie" Phillips

    • Was a hospital recreation director at Walter Reed General Hospital.
    • Objectives in RT were to assist medical professionals in recovery while also engaging patients in meaningful experiences and activities.
    • Initiated a cycling group (WRAH, 1945).

    Recreation for the Mentally III Conference

    • A photo of participants attending a conference was taken in front of a Hotel Woodner in November 1957.

    RT Assessment in the 1960s

    • National Recreation Accreditation Project developed standards for therapeutic recreation programs in hospitals.
    • Limited assessment tools existed.
    • The Therapeutic Recreation Journal highlighted the inclusion of individuals with disabilities.

    RT Assessment Instruments in the 1960s

    • Mundy Inventory for the Trainable Mentally Retarded (1966).
    • First standardized test in RT, a functional test for individuals with mental retardation.
    • Leisure interest inventory (1969).
    • Suggests functional use of activity and leisure domains.

    RT Assessment in the 1970s

    • RT professionals needed to be skilled in assessment.
    • Fox Activity Therapy Social Skills (Carney, 1977).
    • New instruments included the Milwaukee Avocation Satisfaction Questionnaire, leisure-satisfaction-based job satisfaction surveys, and others.
    • Development of functional prerequisite skills.
    • Community Integration Program (CIP) was introduced.

    1980s

    • A more standardized assessment process in RT was developed.
    • Encouragement for RT professionals to implement multi-method approaches to assessment.
    • Standardized and non-standardized tests in RT were incorporated.
    • Increased need to establish more valid methods of assessment.
    • An explosion of commercial assessment instruments and improved psychometric testing.

    1990s

    • First collection of RT assessments in textbooks.
    • Survey and assessment of current research.
    • Continued growth in available commercial instruments with a focus on functional outcome assessments.

    2000-Current

    • Screening: Funnel approach, specialized interdisciplinary assessments.
    • Valid assessment over homemade methods, functional versus only leisure types.
    • Client-centered care, redefined healthcare, assessment efficiency & cost, and computerized health records.
    • Better attention to diagnoses for reimbursement and moving from FIM to section GG.

    Protocols

    • Establishment of assessment protocols, including materials, required credentials, facilitation techniques, and interpretation analysis norms.
    • Emphasis on connectivity between assessments and treatment plans.

    Issues Remaining

    • Research into functional meaning of assessment scores.
    • Modification of valid instruments.
    • Research using RT instruments with coefficients below .80.
    • Reducing the number of agencies that utilize homemade or leisure-only surveys.

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    Related Documents

    History Of Assessment In RT PDF

    Description

    Explore the evolution of assessment methods in Recreational Therapy from its early practices in the 1950s to the more clinical approaches that emerged. Learn about the transformation in assessment tools and techniques, as well as key figures such as Dr. John Eisele Davis who paved the way for standardized measurements. This quiz covers the foundational concepts that shaped Recreational Therapy assessments.

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