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Questions and Answers
What is the traditional Ifugao wood carving of their rice god called?
What is the traditional Ifugao wood carving of their rice god called?
Which of the following describes a Maranao ceremonial vessel for wedding gifts?
Which of the following describes a Maranao ceremonial vessel for wedding gifts?
What is a Ling-ling-o?
What is a Ling-ling-o?
Which of these traditional sculptures serves as the ultimate symbol and proof of the owner's economic and political power?
Which of these traditional sculptures serves as the ultimate symbol and proof of the owner's economic and political power?
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What pattern motif is associated with Mindanaoan woodcarving?
What pattern motif is associated with Mindanaoan woodcarving?
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Which of the following is a style of dwelling characterized by a triangular roof, free-standing support, and an elevated house cube?
Which of the following is a style of dwelling characterized by a triangular roof, free-standing support, and an elevated house cube?
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What is a balkon in the context of a bahay kubo?
What is a balkon in the context of a bahay kubo?
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What is the name of the Ivatan traditional house of stone and mortar with a cogon thatch roof?
What is the name of the Ivatan traditional house of stone and mortar with a cogon thatch roof?
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What does the term 'Encarnacion' mean in the context of Santos-religious images?
What does the term 'Encarnacion' mean in the context of Santos-religious images?
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Who developed the style combining 'tipos del pais' and genre paintings forming letters from people in local costumes?
Who developed the style combining 'tipos del pais' and genre paintings forming letters from people in local costumes?
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What is the 'Retablo' known for in sculpture?
What is the 'Retablo' known for in sculpture?
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Which painting by Juan Novicio Luna won the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition?
Which painting by Juan Novicio Luna won the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition?
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What is 'Reduccion' in the context of architecture?
What is 'Reduccion' in the context of architecture?
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What does the 'Bastidor santo' refer to in Santos-religious images?
What does the 'Bastidor santo' refer to in Santos-religious images?
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Who is recognized as the earliest known sculptor in the Philippines?
Who is recognized as the earliest known sculptor in the Philippines?
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What is the significance of 'La Doctrina Christiana en la Lengua Española y Tagala'?
What is the significance of 'La Doctrina Christiana en la Lengua Española y Tagala'?
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What architectural feature allows the Badjao house boat to float steadily?
What architectural feature allows the Badjao house boat to float steadily?
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Which indigenous house has a large concave roof resembling an inverted Isneg boat?
Which indigenous house has a large concave roof resembling an inverted Isneg boat?
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What is the purpose of the 'halipan' in Ifugao houses?
What is the purpose of the 'halipan' in Ifugao houses?
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Which artist is known for the painting 'Langit, Lupa at Impierno'?
Which artist is known for the painting 'Langit, Lupa at Impierno'?
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Which indigenous architecture style is distinguished by carved wooden finials called 'tadjuk pasung'?
Which indigenous architecture style is distinguished by carved wooden finials called 'tadjuk pasung'?
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Which of the following is an Ifugao house for the affluent, covered by a pyramidal hipped roof?
Which of the following is an Ifugao house for the affluent, covered by a pyramidal hipped roof?
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What material is NOT typically used in constructing a T'boli long house?
What material is NOT typically used in constructing a T'boli long house?
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Who was the artist known for working in the 'tipos del pais' style and establishing the first formal fine arts school in the Philippines?
Who was the artist known for working in the 'tipos del pais' style and establishing the first formal fine arts school in the Philippines?
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Who was the first National Artist for Architecture in the Philippines?
Who was the first National Artist for Architecture in the Philippines?
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Which architect is known for designing the Manila City Hall and Bureau of Customs?
Which architect is known for designing the Manila City Hall and Bureau of Customs?
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Which building is not a work of Juan Arellano?
Which building is not a work of Juan Arellano?
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Who is the founder of Mapua Institute of Technology?
Who is the founder of Mapua Institute of Technology?
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Which architect was sent to Ohio State as a pensionado?
Which architect was sent to Ohio State as a pensionado?
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Which building was not designed by William Parsons?
Which building was not designed by William Parsons?
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Which type of house was designed for improved air circulation and lighting?
Which type of house was designed for improved air circulation and lighting?
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What is the purpose of the Coro in ecclesiastical structures?
What is the purpose of the Coro in ecclesiastical structures?
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Which ecclesiastical landmark is known for its sinking belltower?
Which ecclesiastical landmark is known for its sinking belltower?
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What is the defining feature of European-styled fortifications?
What is the defining feature of European-styled fortifications?
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Which church is distinguished by its enormous side buttresses with scroll-like bases?
Which church is distinguished by its enormous side buttresses with scroll-like bases?
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Which landmark has an unusual Aztec-like bas-relief on its facade?
Which landmark has an unusual Aztec-like bas-relief on its facade?
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Which of the following is an integral part of the church complex and serves as a parish house or rectory?
Which of the following is an integral part of the church complex and serves as a parish house or rectory?
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Which church was designed by Gustav Eiffel and is one of the first steel buildings in the country?
Which church was designed by Gustav Eiffel and is one of the first steel buildings in the country?
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Which artist is known for his portrayal of the 'dalagang bukid'?
Which artist is known for his portrayal of the 'dalagang bukid'?
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Who was the first dean of the UP Fine Arts School?
Who was the first dean of the UP Fine Arts School?
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What is the style Beaux Arts known for?
What is the style Beaux Arts known for?
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What function did the Aduana building serve in colonial architecture?
What function did the Aduana building serve in colonial architecture?
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Which is the oldest university in Asia founded by the Dominicans?
Which is the oldest university in Asia founded by the Dominicans?
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Which building was known as the residence of the highest official of the land during the colonial period?
Which building was known as the residence of the highest official of the land during the colonial period?
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Who created the Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan?
Who created the Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan?
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Which architectural style is described as elaborate?
Which architectural style is described as elaborate?
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Who introduced the Art Nouveau style to the Philippines?
Who introduced the Art Nouveau style to the Philippines?
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Who is known as the Father of Philippine Modern Art?
Who is known as the Father of Philippine Modern Art?
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Which building is considered a forerunner of the mall in the Philippines?
Which building is considered a forerunner of the mall in the Philippines?
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Who created the 'History of Manila' mural at the Manila City Hall?
Who created the 'History of Manila' mural at the Manila City Hall?
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Who was the second National Artist for Architecture?
Who was the second National Artist for Architecture?
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Who Filipinized Western canonical iconography with the 'Brown Madonna'?
Who Filipinized Western canonical iconography with the 'Brown Madonna'?
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Who is known for works such as 'Beefsteak' and 'Genesis'?
Who is known for works such as 'Beefsteak' and 'Genesis'?
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Which artist is recognized as the major proponent of Cubism in the Philippines?
Which artist is recognized as the major proponent of Cubism in the Philippines?
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Which artist is known for the work Carroza?
Which artist is known for the work Carroza?
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Who was the country's leading abstract expressionist?
Who was the country's leading abstract expressionist?
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Which of the following works were created by Ang Kiu Kok?
Which of the following works were created by Ang Kiu Kok?
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What characteristics are part of Philippine Modern Architecture?
What characteristics are part of Philippine Modern Architecture?
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What movement's seeds took root in Philippine Modern Architecture?
What movement's seeds took root in Philippine Modern Architecture?
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Which style involves the use of molded concrete and folded plate technology?
Which style involves the use of molded concrete and folded plate technology?
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Which artist is associated with vivid colors and abstract representations of nipa huts?
Which artist is associated with vivid colors and abstract representations of nipa huts?
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Who among the following was a National Artist for Visual Arts?
Who among the following was a National Artist for Visual Arts?
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Which medium did Ramon Orlina utilize to create his sculptural forms?
Which medium did Ramon Orlina utilize to create his sculptural forms?
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What is a characteristic feature of post-modernism in contemporary architecture?
What is a characteristic feature of post-modernism in contemporary architecture?
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Which of the following is an example of a master-planned micro-city?
Which of the following is an example of a master-planned micro-city?
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Which of these retail environments is part of contemporary architecture?
Which of these retail environments is part of contemporary architecture?
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Where can you find the tabernacle altar made by Ramon Orlina?
Where can you find the tabernacle altar made by Ramon Orlina?
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What architectural style emphasizes traditional building practices and a pragmatic knowledge of local history?
What architectural style emphasizes traditional building practices and a pragmatic knowledge of local history?
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Which architectural movement drew on vernacular forms as a reaction against International Modernism in the 1960s and 1970s?
Which architectural movement drew on vernacular forms as a reaction against International Modernism in the 1960s and 1970s?
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Whose works instilled indigenous Filipino motifs like ukkil, sarimanok, and naga in the nation's consciousness?
Whose works instilled indigenous Filipino motifs like ukkil, sarimanok, and naga in the nation's consciousness?
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Who is known for pioneering the neofigurative style in the Sabel series?
Who is known for pioneering the neofigurative style in the Sabel series?
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Which of the following is a work by Leandro Locsin?
Which of the following is a work by Leandro Locsin?
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Who is the proponent of Filipino architecture in the modern age?
Who is the proponent of Filipino architecture in the modern age?
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Which architect is associated with works like the National Arts Center and Manila International Airport?
Which architect is associated with works like the National Arts Center and Manila International Airport?
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Who is known for his bronze sheet monuments like La Pieta?
Who is known for his bronze sheet monuments like La Pieta?
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Study Notes
Pre-Colonial Art and Architecture
- Basketry: process of making baskets from interwoven fibrous materials
-
Metalwork: notable examples include:
- Ling-ling-o: Ifugao fertility jewelry
- Gadur: Maranao ceremonial vessel
- Galang: traditional brass or bronze vessel
- Lotoan or Betel nut containers
-
Sculpture: notable examples include:
- Bulul: Ifugao wood carving of their rice god
- Kinib-bigat/kinabagat: central post/king post in an Ifugao house with a carved human figure
- Hagabi: Ifugao wooden bench with a slightly arched midsection
- Binabuy: Ifugao pig sculptures
- Ukkil/Tausug or Okir/Maranao: "leaf-and-vine" pattern motif associated with Mindanaoan woodcarving
- Sarimanok: a bird or cock-form; symbol of a messenger
- Cave dwellings: evidence of ancient cave dwellers in Angono, Rizal, and the Tabon Cave in Palawan
- The Cordillera Rice Terraces: 2000-year-old terraces carved into the mountains of Ifugao
Vernacular Architecture
-
Bahay kubo: traditional Filipino house style in lowland areas, characterized by:
- Triangular roof
- Free-standing support
- Elevated house cube
- Common areas:
- Balkon: front porch
- Bulwagan: multi-purpose main room
- Silid: bedroom
- Kitchen
- Batalan: roofless back porch; serves as cleaning area and wash room
-
Variations of Vernacular dwellings:
- Binuron: Isneg one-room abode with a large concave roof
- Binayon: Kalinga octagonal house
- F/Bale: Ifugao house for the affluent
- Tukud: post
- Halipan: cylindrical rat guard
- Badjao house boat: with a detachable A-frame roof
- Bay sinug: traditional Tausug house on stilts
Spanish Colonial Art
-
Paintings: notable examples include:
- Jose Luciano Dans: one of the earliest recorded painters in Philippine art history
- Damian Domingo y Gabor: worked in the "tipos del pais" style
-
Sculpture:
- Retablo: houses the tabernacle and the image of the town's patron saint
- Rellieves: carved images in relief
- Santos: religious images
- Juan de los Santos: earliest known sculptor in the Philippines
-
Graphic Arts:
- La Doctrina Christiana en la Lengua Española y Tagala: first book printed in the country
- Estampas and estampitas: prints of miraculous images
Spanish Colonial Architecture
-
Town Planning:
- Plaza complex: integrated central area with fort and church
-
Houses:
- Bahay na bato/bahay na tisa: evolved bahay kubo with improved air circulation and lighting
-
Ecclesiastical Structures:
- Parts: nave, aisles, transept, altar, apse, coro, sacristia, pulpit, tribunas, belfry
- Examples: Manila Cathedral, Laoag Church, Paoay Church, Quiapo Church
American Colonial Period
-
Art:
- Classicism: Fabian dela Rosa and Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto
- Depiction of the "dalagang bukid"
-
Architecture:
- Neoclassic, Art Deco, Art Nouveau, and Beaux Arts styles
- Notable examples: Palacio de Gobierno, Ayuntamiento, Real Audiencia, Aduana, Municipio/Casa de Municipal/Casa Real
- Educational facilities: Universidad de Santo Tomas, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Colegio de Sta.Rita, Ateneo de Manila
Modern Period
-
Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Art:
- Victorio C.Edades
- Galo B.Ocampo
- Carlos "Botong" Francisco
-
Thirteen Moderns:
- Reacting to the academic style of Unna and Hidalgo and Amorsolo
- Notable examples: Diosdado Lorenzo, Vicente S.Manansala, Hernando R.Ocampo, Cesar T.Legaspi, Demetrio Diego, UST faculty members
-
Abstract Expressionism:
- Jose Pardo
- Arsenio Capili
- Ricarte Purugganan
- Anita Magsaysay-Ho
Contemporary Period
-
Art:
- Conceptual Art
- Notable examples: Benedicto Cabrera, Abdulmari Imao, Eduardo Castrillo
-
Architecture:
- Tropical Regionalism
- Neovernacular Architecture
- Notable examples: Leandro Locsin, Francisco Mañosa, Ramon Orlina
- Contemporary styles: Post-modernism, Skyscrapers, Master-planned micro-cities, Retail environments, Gated communities
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Description
Explore the history of art and architecture, focusing on various traditional crafts and decorative objects from different cultures.
