History of Art and Architecture
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History of Art and Architecture

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What is the traditional Ifugao wood carving of their rice god called?

  • Galang
  • Hagabi
  • Binabuy
  • Bulul (correct)

    • Which of the following describes a Maranao ceremonial vessel for wedding gifts?

  • Nakvaam
  • Ukkil
  • Galang
  • Gadur (correct)

    • What is a Ling-ling-o?

  • A pig sculpture
  • A stone house with a thick cogon thatch roof
  • A leaf-and-vine woodcarving pattern
  • An Ifugao fertility necklace or earring (correct)

    • Which of these traditional sculptures serves as the ultimate symbol and proof of the owner's economic and political power?

    <p>Hagabi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pattern motif is associated with Mindanaoan woodcarving?

    <p>Ukkil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a style of dwelling characterized by a triangular roof, free-standing support, and an elevated house cube?

    <p>Bahay kubo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a balkon in the context of a bahay kubo?

    <p>A front porch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Ivatan traditional house of stone and mortar with a cogon thatch roof?

    <p>Rakuh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Encarnacion' mean in the context of Santos-religious images?

    <p>to enliven; to bring life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the style combining 'tipos del pais' and genre paintings forming letters from people in local costumes?

    <p>Jose Honorato Lozano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Retablo' known for in sculpture?

    <p>A house for the tabernacle and the image of the town's patron saint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which painting by Juan Novicio Luna won the gold medal in the 1884 Madrid Exposition?

    <p>Spoliarium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'Reduccion' in the context of architecture?

    <p>Grouping scattered communities into larger ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Bastidor santo' refer to in Santos-religious images?

    <p>A mannequin-type intended to be dressed with clothing and accessories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is recognized as the earliest known sculptor in the Philippines?

    <p>Juan de los Santos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of 'La Doctrina Christiana en la Lengua Española y Tagala'?

    <p>First book printed in the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What architectural feature allows the Badjao house boat to float steadily?

    <p>Katig</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which indigenous house has a large concave roof resembling an inverted Isneg boat?

    <p>Binuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'halipan' in Ifugao houses?

    <p>It is a cylindrical rat guard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is known for the painting 'Langit, Lupa at Impierno'?

    <p>Jose Luciano Dans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which indigenous architecture style is distinguished by carved wooden finials called 'tadjuk pasung'?

    <p>Bay sinug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an Ifugao house for the affluent, covered by a pyramidal hipped roof?

    <p>F/Bale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is NOT typically used in constructing a T'boli long house?

    <p>Concrete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the artist known for working in the 'tipos del pais' style and establishing the first formal fine arts school in the Philippines?

    <p>Damian Domingo y Gabor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first National Artist for Architecture in the Philippines?

    <p>Juan Nakpil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architect is known for designing the Manila City Hall and Bureau of Customs?

    <p>Antonio Toledo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which building is not a work of Juan Arellano?

    <p>Manila City Hall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the founder of Mapua Institute of Technology?

    <p>Tomas Mapúa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architect was sent to Ohio State as a pensionado?

    <p>Antonio Toledo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which building was not designed by William Parsons?

    <p>De La Salle College</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of house was designed for improved air circulation and lighting?

    <p>Bahay na bato</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Coro in ecclesiastical structures?

    <p>It is the choir loft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecclesiastical landmark is known for its sinking belltower?

    <p>Laoag Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of European-styled fortifications?

    <p>Heavy stone walls and moats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church is distinguished by its enormous side buttresses with scroll-like bases?

    <p>Party Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which landmark has an unusual Aztec-like bas-relief on its facade?

    <p>Miag-ao Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an integral part of the church complex and serves as a parish house or rectory?

    <p>Convento</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church was designed by Gustav Eiffel and is one of the first steel buildings in the country?

    <p>San Sebastian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is known for his portrayal of the 'dalagang bukid'?

    <p>Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first dean of the UP Fine Arts School?

    <p>Fabian dela Rosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the style Beaux Arts known for?

    <p>Grandiose and elaborate design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function did the Aduana building serve in colonial architecture?

    <p>Customs house</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the oldest university in Asia founded by the Dominicans?

    <p>Universidad de Santo Tomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which building was known as the residence of the highest official of the land during the colonial period?

    <p>Palacio de Gobierno</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who created the Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan?

    <p>Guillermo Tolentino</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architectural style is described as elaborate?

    <p>Beaux Arts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the Art Nouveau style to the Philippines?

    <p>Andres Luna de San Pedro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known as the Father of Philippine Modern Art?

    <p>Victorio C. Edades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which building is considered a forerunner of the mall in the Philippines?

    <p>Crystal Arcade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who created the 'History of Manila' mural at the Manila City Hall?

    <p>Carlos 'Botong' Francisco</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the second National Artist for Architecture?

    <p>Pablo Antonio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who Filipinized Western canonical iconography with the 'Brown Madonna'?

    <p>Galo B. Ocampo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known for works such as 'Beefsteak' and 'Genesis'?

    <p>Hernando R. Ocampo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is recognized as the major proponent of Cubism in the Philippines?

    <p>Vicente Manansala</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is known for the work Carroza?

    <p>Fernando Zobel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the country's leading abstract expressionist?

    <p>Jose Joya</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following works were created by Ang Kiu Kok?

    <p>Crucifixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristics are part of Philippine Modern Architecture?

    <p>Brise soleil sun breakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement's seeds took root in Philippine Modern Architecture?

    <p>Bauhaus School</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which style involves the use of molded concrete and folded plate technology?

    <p>Space Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artist is associated with vivid colors and abstract representations of nipa huts?

    <p>Mauro &quot;Malang&quot; Santos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who among the following was a National Artist for Visual Arts?

    <p>Arturo Luz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medium did Ramon Orlina utilize to create his sculptural forms?

    <p>Glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of post-modernism in contemporary architecture?

    <p>Tripartite division of skyscrapers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a master-planned micro-city?

    <p>Fort Bonifacio Global City</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these retail environments is part of contemporary architecture?

    <p>SM Mall of Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can you find the tabernacle altar made by Ramon Orlina?

    <p>EDSA Shrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What architectural style emphasizes traditional building practices and a pragmatic knowledge of local history?

    <p>Tropical Regionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architectural movement drew on vernacular forms as a reaction against International Modernism in the 1960s and 1970s?

    <p>Neovernacular Architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whose works instilled indigenous Filipino motifs like ukkil, sarimanok, and naga in the nation's consciousness?

    <p>Abdulmari Imao</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known for pioneering the neofigurative style in the Sabel series?

    <p>Bendicto Cabrera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a work by Leandro Locsin?

    <p>Cultural Center of the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the proponent of Filipino architecture in the modern age?

    <p>Francisco Mañosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architect is associated with works like the National Arts Center and Manila International Airport?

    <p>Leandro Locsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is known for his bronze sheet monuments like La Pieta?

    <p>Eduardo Castrillo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pre-Colonial Art and Architecture

    • Basketry: process of making baskets from interwoven fibrous materials
    • Metalwork: notable examples include:
      • Ling-ling-o: Ifugao fertility jewelry
      • Gadur: Maranao ceremonial vessel
      • Galang: traditional brass or bronze vessel
      • Lotoan or Betel nut containers
    • Sculpture: notable examples include:
      • Bulul: Ifugao wood carving of their rice god
      • Kinib-bigat/kinabagat: central post/king post in an Ifugao house with a carved human figure
      • Hagabi: Ifugao wooden bench with a slightly arched midsection
      • Binabuy: Ifugao pig sculptures
      • Ukkil/Tausug or Okir/Maranao: "leaf-and-vine" pattern motif associated with Mindanaoan woodcarving
      • Sarimanok: a bird or cock-form; symbol of a messenger
    • Cave dwellings: evidence of ancient cave dwellers in Angono, Rizal, and the Tabon Cave in Palawan
    • The Cordillera Rice Terraces: 2000-year-old terraces carved into the mountains of Ifugao

    Vernacular Architecture

    • Bahay kubo: traditional Filipino house style in lowland areas, characterized by:
      • Triangular roof
      • Free-standing support
      • Elevated house cube
      • Common areas:
        • Balkon: front porch
        • Bulwagan: multi-purpose main room
        • Silid: bedroom
        • Kitchen
        • Batalan: roofless back porch; serves as cleaning area and wash room
    • Variations of Vernacular dwellings:
      • Binuron: Isneg one-room abode with a large concave roof
      • Binayon: Kalinga octagonal house
      • F/Bale: Ifugao house for the affluent
      • Tukud: post
      • Halipan: cylindrical rat guard
      • Badjao house boat: with a detachable A-frame roof
      • Bay sinug: traditional Tausug house on stilts

    Spanish Colonial Art

    • Paintings: notable examples include:
      • Jose Luciano Dans: one of the earliest recorded painters in Philippine art history
      • Damian Domingo y Gabor: worked in the "tipos del pais" style
    • Sculpture:
      • Retablo: houses the tabernacle and the image of the town's patron saint
      • Rellieves: carved images in relief
      • Santos: religious images
      • Juan de los Santos: earliest known sculptor in the Philippines
    • Graphic Arts:
      • La Doctrina Christiana en la Lengua Española y Tagala: first book printed in the country
      • Estampas and estampitas: prints of miraculous images

    Spanish Colonial Architecture

    • Town Planning:
      • Plaza complex: integrated central area with fort and church
    • Houses:
      • Bahay na bato/bahay na tisa: evolved bahay kubo with improved air circulation and lighting
    • Ecclesiastical Structures:
      • Parts: nave, aisles, transept, altar, apse, coro, sacristia, pulpit, tribunas, belfry
      • Examples: Manila Cathedral, Laoag Church, Paoay Church, Quiapo Church

    American Colonial Period

    • Art:
      • Classicism: Fabian dela Rosa and Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto
      • Depiction of the "dalagang bukid"
    • Architecture:
      • Neoclassic, Art Deco, Art Nouveau, and Beaux Arts styles
      • Notable examples: Palacio de Gobierno, Ayuntamiento, Real Audiencia, Aduana, Municipio/Casa de Municipal/Casa Real
      • Educational facilities: Universidad de Santo Tomas, Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Colegio de Sta.Rita, Ateneo de Manila

    Modern Period

    • Triumvirate of Philippine Modern Art:
      • Victorio C.Edades
      • Galo B.Ocampo
      • Carlos "Botong" Francisco
    • Thirteen Moderns:
      • Reacting to the academic style of Unna and Hidalgo and Amorsolo
      • Notable examples: Diosdado Lorenzo, Vicente S.Manansala, Hernando R.Ocampo, Cesar T.Legaspi, Demetrio Diego, UST faculty members
    • Abstract Expressionism:
      • Jose Pardo
      • Arsenio Capili
      • Ricarte Purugganan
      • Anita Magsaysay-Ho

    Contemporary Period

    • Art:
      • Conceptual Art
      • Notable examples: Benedicto Cabrera, Abdulmari Imao, Eduardo Castrillo
    • Architecture:
      • Tropical Regionalism
      • Neovernacular Architecture
      • Notable examples: Leandro Locsin, Francisco Mañosa, Ramon Orlina
      • Contemporary styles: Post-modernism, Skyscrapers, Master-planned micro-cities, Retail environments, Gated communities

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