History of AI: Class Rules and Introduction

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Questions and Answers

What are the three main elements of an AI system?

Sensors, decision rules, and actuators
Sensors, actuators, and operational logic (correct)
Perceptions, models, and machine inference
Models, machine learning, and human inputs

When was the main concept of AI first introduced?

In 1997
In the 1950s
In 2018
In the late 50’s (correct)

What is the role of machine learning in artificial intelligence?

Utilizes human-defined decision rules for analysis
Automatically detects and responds to cybersecurity threats
Processes perceptions and models in an automated manner
Enables computers to analyze data, learn from past experiences, and make decisions (correct)

What is the main focus of artificial intelligence (AI) as described in the text?

Replicating human intelligence and problem-solving abilities (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do AI machines learn and improve?

They learn and grow on their own, independent of human intervention (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did John McCarthy, one of the original creators of the field of AI, define as the main focus of AI?

Making intelligent machines that can replicate human intelligence (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes AI from a normal computer program, according to the text?

AI systems can learn from their past and improve independently (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the differences between advanced AI machines and basic AI, as mentioned in the text?

Advanced AI machines can learn and grow on their own, independent of human intervention (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the modern definition of AI differ from the original definition provided by John McCarthy?

The modern definition highlights creating machines that can learn and make decisions, while the original is broader (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of operational logic in an AI system?

It provides output for the actuators based on input data from sensors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key power of an AI system according to the text?

Operational logic (B) Signup and view all the answers

When was the term 'artificial intelligence' first used to describe systems comprising human-defined decision rules?

1950s (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept of AI introduced in the late '50s?

Thinking machines (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who reunited a group of scientists to discuss ideas about 'thinking machines' in '56?

A young assistant professor of mathematics at Dartmouth College (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of machine learning in AI systems according to the text?

Analyzing data, learning from past experiences, and making decisions (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where are deep learning applications best suited according to the text?

Cybersecurity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What do actuators do according to the text?

Change the state of the environment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sensors in an AI system according to the text?

Abstracting perceptions into models through analysis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did Google's Assistant, Duplex, demonstrate in 2018 according to the text?

Scheduling a hair salon appointment and booking a restaurant (D) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Class Rules by Prof. Wafaa Shalash

Punctuality is essential; students should arrive on time for class.
Listen attentively to instructions and explanations provided during lessons.
Engage with classmates only during designated activities to maintain focus.
Use professional and appropriate language throughout interactions.
Silencing mobile devices is required to avoid disruptions.

Chapter 4: History of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science aimed at developing systems that can mimic human intelligence and problem-solving skills.
AI systems analyze large amounts of data, process this information, and learn from past experiences to enhance future performance.
Unlike traditional computer programs, which require human intervention for debugging and process improvements, advanced AI can operate independently.

Origin of Artificial Intelligence

The term AI was defined in 1955 by John McCarthy, one of the founders of AI as a discipline: “The science and engineering of making intelligent machines.”
A more contemporary definition describes AI as a wide-ranging area of computer science focused on creating machines capable of learning, making decisions, and executing tasks at a human-like level.
Advanced AI can autonomously learn and evolve, reducing the need for human input over time.
Even basic AI systems can manage complex tasks that typically require human involvement but may still depend on programmers to adjust and enhance their learning processes.