History Chapter 29 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is Nationalism?

A deep devotion to one's own nation

What was the Triple Entente?

Britain's alliance with France and Russia established in 1907

What was the Triple Alliance?

Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy whose goal was to isolate France

What is Militarism?

The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war Signup and view all the answers

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Germany's plan during WWI to defeat France first and then turn east to fight Russia Signup and view all the answers

What was the Western Front?

This deadlocked region of Northern France was fought over during WWI Signup and view all the answers

What is the Eastern Front?

The nickname for the battlefield along the German and Russian border Signup and view all the answers

What is Rationing?

System where the amount of goods one could purchase were limited during wartime Signup and view all the answers

What is Propaganda?

One-sided information designed to keep up morale and support for the war Signup and view all the answers

What is Total War?

Policy where all available resources a nation possesses are dedicated to war Signup and view all the answers

What is Self-Determination?

The idea that the people could decide for themselves what kind of government they wanted to live under Signup and view all the answers

What were the Fourteen Points?

A series of proposals drawn up by Woodrow Wilson to outline a lasting peace with Europe Signup and view all the answers

What was the Treaty of Versailles?

An agreement designed to bring peace among the nations and punish Germany after WWI Signup and view all the answers

What major event took place on June 28th, 1914 in Sarajevo, Bosnia?

Gavrilo Princip assassinated the Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Signup and view all the answers

What were several new military technologies used for the first time during WWI?

Machine guns, poison gas, tanks, armored cars, and submarines Signup and view all the answers

How did the Allied reinforcements reach the front during the 1st Battle of the Marne?

Taxi Cab Signup and view all the answers

What is the area between two enemy trenches called?

No Man's Land Signup and view all the answers

What war supplies did the Russians lack as a result of their tendency to be under-industrialized?

They were short on supplies of guns, food, ammunition, boots, and blankets Signup and view all the answers

When did Germany officially declare war on Russia and France leading up to WWI?

Germany declared war on Russia on Aug. 1st 1914 and on France two days later Signup and view all the answers

What was Russia's main advantage during WWI?

Russia's one advantage was their population to quickly replace soldiers Signup and view all the answers

How many Russian soldiers had been either wounded or killed during WWI by the mid-1917's?

By mid 1917, 5.5 million Russian soldiers had been wounded, killed, or taken prisoner Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated financial cost of WWI on Europe?

War damage was estimated around $338 billion Signup and view all the answers

How many soldiers died altogether during the course of WWI, and how many were injured?

8.5 million soldiers died, and another 21 million soldiers were wounded Signup and view all the answers

Who were the first three members of the Central Powers to surrender to the Allied forces?

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Signup and view all the answers

Who was the last country to surrender?

Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottomans Signup and view all the answers

When did WWI officially end?

WWI officially ended on November 11th, 1918 Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Zimmerman note?

Germany wanted Mexico to join their fight in exchange for helping Mexico reconquer lost lands Signup and view all the answers

What did Vladimir Lenin sign to get Russia out of WWI?

Signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk establishing a truce between Russia and Germany Signup and view all the answers

What is an Armistice?

A signed agreement to stop fighting Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the ship sunk by German U-boats that caused the U.S. to threaten action?

Lusitania Signup and view all the answers

Who were the members of the 'big four' at the peace conference following WWI?

Woodrow Wilson of the U.S., Georges Clemenceau of France, David Lloyd George of Great Britain, and Vittorio Orlando of Italy Signup and view all the answers

Which nation faced the harshest punishments as a result of the War Guilt Clause?

Germany Signup and view all the answers

What was the goal of the League of Nations?

All countries could peacefully settle disagreements Signup and view all the answers

Which major world power failed to join the League of Nations?

The United States Signup and view all the answers

Following the end of WWI, which new countries were created?

Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia were recognized as independent nations Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms and Definitions

Nationalism: Significant pride in one’s nation; a catalyst for competition and conflict.
Triple Entente: An alliance formed in 1907 between Britain, France, and Russia.
Triple Alliance: Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy aimed at isolating France.
Militarism: A strategic focus on enhancing military might and readiness for conflict.
The Schlieffen Plan: Germany's strategy in WWI to quickly defeat France before turning east to Russia.

Major Battles and Fronts

The Western Front: A critical and heavily contested area in Northern France during WWI.
The Eastern Front: The battlefield located along the German-Russian border.

War Efforts and Strategies

Rationing: Implementation of limits on goods available to civilians during wartime.
Propaganda: Biased information used to influence public opinion and morale toward the war effort.
Total War: The concept of mobilizing all national resources for warfare.

Political Concepts

Self-Determination: The principle that nations have the right to choose their own government.
Fourteen Points: Proposed by Woodrow Wilson to establish a framework for lasting peace in Europe.

Peace Treaties and Agreements

The Treaty of Versailles: A pivotal agreement to maintain peace post-WWI and impose penalties on Germany.

Notable Events and Consequences

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: Occurred on June 28, 1914, sparking the beginning of WWI.
Military Technologies in WWI: Introduction of advanced weaponry, including machine guns, poison gas, and tanks.
No Man's Land: The dangerous territory between opposing trenches.

Military Engagements

Allied Reinforcements at the Marne: Reached the front lines using taxi cabs for quick transport.
Russian Soldier Shortages: Affected by under-industrialization, leading to shortages of critical supplies.

Casualties and Economic Impact

Casualties: Approximately 5.5 million Russians lost due to war by mid-1917; a total of 8.5 million soldiers died and 21 million were injured overall.
Financial Cost: Estimated war damage across Europe was about $338 billion.

Key Surrenders and End of War

Central Powers Surrender: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy surrendered before Bulgaria and the Ottomans.
End of WWI: Officially concluded on November 11, 1918.

Significant Diplomatic Moves

Zimmerman Note: Germany encouraged Mexico to join the war against the U.S. with promises of territorial recovery.
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: Signed by Lenin, it marked an agreement of truce between Russia and Germany.

Agreements and Organizations Post-War

Armistice: A formal cessation of hostilities.
Lusitania: Sinking of this ship by German U-boats escalated tensions with the U.S.
The League of Nations: Intended to facilitate peaceful resolution of disputes, but the U.S. did not join.
New Nations: Post-WWI independence recognized for Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.

Post-War Punishments

War Guilt Clause: Imposed severe penalties on Germany following the war.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 29. This quiz covers important terms related to nationalism, alliances, and militarism. Ideal for students focusing on early 20th-century history.