Historical Perspective of Primary Health Care in Nigeria
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Questions and Answers

In what year was the Basic Health Services Scheme introduced in Nigeria?

  • 1978
  • 1986
  • 1992
  • 1975 (correct)

    • What was the estimated population served by mobile clinics in each LGA?

  • 150,000 (correct)
  • 100,000
  • 250,000
  • 200,000

    • What was the goal of the second attempt at implementing PHC in Nigeria led by Professor Olukoye Rasome Kuti?

  • To establish the National Primary Health Care Development Agency
  • To implement the 8 components of PHC in 20 LGAs
  • To achieve 80% fully immunization coverage for under-five children (correct)
  • To develop model PHC in 100 LGAs

    • What was the status of PHC in the National Health Policy of 1988?

    <p>It was adopted as the cornerstone of the Nigerian health system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In how many LGAs was the model PHC implemented during the second attempt led by Professor Olukoye Rasome Kuti?

    <p>52 LGAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the National Primary Health Care Development Agency established in Nigeria?

    <p>1992</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of health care facilities in Nigeria were PHC facilities in 2005?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the Ward Minimum Health Care Package (WMHcp)?

    <p>To reduce morbidity and mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the philosophy of primary health care, what is the essence of productive life?

    <p>Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying principle of primary health care?

    <p>Health is a fundamental human right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of establishing primary health care?

    <p>To bring health closer to the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of the National Health Policy in Nigeria?

    <p>The World Health Assembly's resolution in 1978</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the first level of health care?

    <p>Meeting the needs and priorities of individuals, families and communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why primary health care units require support from referral services?

    <p>To cope with problems that are beyond the scope of peripheral units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of primary health care that ensures its availability to the whole community?

    <p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of primary health care?

    <p>To ensure that people receive at least the basic minimum health services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that primary health care is developed with?

    <p>The concept of self-reliance and self-determination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the Alma Ata declaration made?

    <p>1978</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Federal Government in the healthcare system of Nigeria?

    <p>Coordinating the affairs of University Teaching hospitals and Federal Medical Centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Local Government in the provision of health services in Nigeria?

    <p>Providing healthcare services at the grass root level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a role of the healthcare system in Nigeria?

    <p>Generating revenue for the government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the National Primary Healthcare Development Agency?

    <p>Coordinating the Primary Health Care Centres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the three levels of healthcare system in Nigeria?

    <p>Primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of a good healthcare system in Nigeria?

    <p>Delivering quality services to all people when and where they need them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following members must have at least a four-level certificate of education?

    <p>All members of HFDC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the District Development Committee?

    <p>Organize fundraising activities and liaise with government agencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who serves as the secretary of the LGA PHC Development Committee?

    <p>LGD/PHC Coordinator of health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the HFDC preparing work plans based on estimated expenditures?

    <p>To supervise and control the administration of funds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which committee is responsible for co-ordinating and supervising the activities of the village health committee?

    <p>District Development Committee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of account must the HFDC open and operate at an approved bank?

    <p>Bank account</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of public health nursing?

    <p>Promoting and protecting the health of populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of public health nursing in terms of disease prevention?

    <p>Preventing disease and disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a public health nurse in terms of health promotion?

    <p>Promoting healthy lifestyles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main determinant of health status in public health nursing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main era characterized by the use of traditional medicine in Nigeria?

    <p>Pre-colonial era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of public health nursing in terms of community health needs?

    <p>Improving community health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of nurses in the past?

    <p>Sick people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the concept of essential drugs and expanded programme on Immunization in 300 hundred LGA?

    <p>Not specified in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first Public Health nurse Tutor?

    <p>Ann Adeguroye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of public health nursing?

    <p>To prevent and control disease and disabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the concept of public health nursing start in Nigeria?

    <p>Early 1980s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was responsible for the first planned home visiting caring for the neglected children and visits to persons?

    <p>Sister Marie of the Assumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial role of nurses in PHC?

    <p>Recording patients' medical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can dehydration in a child with diarrhea be combated in a community setting?

    <p>By preparing a sugar-salt solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential aspect of patient care in PHC?

    <p>Empowering and supporting patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of public health nursing?

    <p>Protecting and improving the health of communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of effective healthcare in PHC?

    <p>Inter-professional communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of assessing community health needs in PHC?

    <p>To secure health services relevant to the community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Primary Health Care (PHC) Services

    • The healthcare service system in Nigeria is controlled by three tiers of government: federal, state, and local government.
    • Each tier has important roles to play in the organization of health services in Nigeria.
    • The federal government's role is mostly limited to coordinating the affairs of University Teaching Hospitals and Federal Medical Centers (tertiary healthcare).

    Organization and Scope of PHC Services

    • The state government manages General Hospitals (secondary healthcare).
    • The local government focuses on dispensaries/Primary Health Care Centers (primary healthcare), regulated by the federal government through the National Primary Healthcare Development Agency (NPHCDA).
    • A good health system delivers quality services to all people when and where they need them.

    Historical Perspective of PHC in Nigeria

    • There were three major attempts at evolving and sustaining a community and people-oriented health system in Nigeria.
    • The first attempt occurred between 1975 and 1980, introducing the Basic Health Services Scheme (BHSS).
    • The BHSS was structured using basic health units, which consisted of 20 health clinics in each LGA, backed up by 4 PHC Centres and supported by mobile clinics, serving approximately 150,000 people to make quality care accessible to the entire population.

    Development of PHC

    • The second attempt occurred between 1986 and 1992, led by late Professor Olukoye Rasome Kuti, to develop model PHC in 52 LGA.
    • The third attempt was the establishment of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) in 1992.

    Health Facility Development Committee (HFDC)

    • The HFDC comprises residents with knowledge and experience in finance and administration, a representative from the provincial administration, the district medical officer of health, and an area councillor or person in charge of the local authority health facilities.
    • Functions of HFDC include:
      • Supervising and controlling the administration of funds allocated to the facilities.
      • Opening and operating a bank account at an approved bank.
      • Preparing work plans based on estimated expenditures.
      • Overseeing accounts of income, expenditure, assets, and liabilities of the facility.
      • Preparing and submitting certified periodic financial and performance reports.
      • Overseeing the maintenance of a permanent record of all deliberations.

    District Development Committee (DDC)

    • The DDC comprises a district head, representatives of village organizations, health-related NGOs, and representatives of health-related sectors.
    • Functions of DDC include:
      • Organizing fund-raising activities.
      • Liaising with government and other voluntary agencies to solve health and social problems.
      • Coordinating and supervising the activities of village health committees.

    LGA PHC Development Committee

    • Composition includes:
      • Supervisory Council for Health.
      • LGD/PHC Coordinator of health as secretary.
    • Functions include:
      • Making basic health care accessible to the grassroots in collaboration with the Ward Minimum Health Care Package (WMHCP).

    Philosophy of Primary Health Care

    • All people, everywhere, deserve the right care, right in their community.
    • PHC addresses the majority of a person's health needs throughout their lifetime.
    • Primary health care was established essentially to bring health closer to the people, in the community, and through their full participation.

    Definition of Primary Health Care

    • PHC can be defined as an essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and a cost that the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination.

    Key Characteristics of PHC

    • Accessibility: geographically, financially, culturally within easy reach to the whole community.
    • Public health nursing: a population-focused community nursing practice with the goal of prevention of disease and disability by creating the conditions where people can be healthy.

    Public Health Nursing in Nigeria

    • The health of the public health system in Nigeria is linked to pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial eras.
    • In the pre-colonial era, traditional medicine was used in different communities, and nurses instructed people on personal hygiene, diets, healthy living habits, curative care, and the beginning of preventive care.
    • In 1990 to 1970, specialized programs on infant and health teaching to the public were introduced.
    • In 1970 to present, more emphasis was placed on the community, focusing on health promotion and illness prevention.

    Purpose of Public Health Nursing

    • To promote the health and efficiency of individuals and communities.
    • To prevent and control disease and disabilities.
    • To make health services relevant to community and population needs.

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    Primary Health Care in Nigeria PDF

    Description

    Learn about the origins of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Nigeria, from its international conference in Alma Alta, Russia to its implementation in the country. Discover the major attempts at creating a community-oriented health system in Nigeria.

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