Historical Land Grants in the 9th Century
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Historical Land Grants in the 9th Century

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Questions and Answers

What key agricultural development occurred in the Tamil Nadu area by the fifth or sixth century?

  • The use of chemical fertilizers
  • Large-scale cultivation began (correct)
  • Advanced agricultural machinery
  • Introduction of new crop varieties

    • Which crop was specifically mentioned as being cultivated due to the availability of water from channels?

  • Millet
  • Rice (correct)
  • Wheat
  • Barley

    • What was one of the methods used for irrigation mentioned in the content?

  • Wells (correct)
  • Drip irrigation
  • Fog nets
  • Hydroponics

    • What construction was necessary to prevent flooding in the delta region?

    <p>Embankments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In many areas, how many crops were typically grown in a year?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a requirement for successful irrigation works mentioned in the content?

    <p>Organization and planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was used in some regions to collect rainwater for irrigation?

    <p>Huge tanks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the activities required in the preparation of land for agriculture?

    <p>Clearing of forests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What language is partially used in the land grant recorded on the copper plates?

    <p>Sanskrit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature was NOT mentioned as part of the land described in the grant?

    <p>Mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the royal seal on the plates signify?

    <p>The authenticity of the document</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was used to demarcate the boundaries of the land?

    <p>Earthen embankments and thorny bushes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of trees are explicitly mentioned as part of the land's contents?

    <p>Fruit-bearing trees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of water body mentioned in the land grant?

    <p>Creeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was the security of the copper plates ensured?

    <p>With a royal seal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item was included as part of the land's agricultural resources?

    <p>Bee hives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was considered the most powerful Chola ruler?

    <p>Rajaraja I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which territories were included in the Chola kingdom under Rajaraja I?

    <p>Both Pallava and Pandyan territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did Rajendra I take during his reign?

    <p>He developed a navy for expeditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architectural marvel was built by Rajaraja I?

    <p>The temple at Gangaikondacholapuram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regions did Rajendra I invade?

    <p>Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main achievements of Rajaraja I in terms of governance?

    <p>Reorganizing the administration of the empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is noticeable about the temple at Gangaikondacholapuram?

    <p>The tapering roof design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the Chola kingdom's expansion?

    <p>It involved the conquest of neighboring kingdoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of labor is depicted in the village scene?

    <p>Husking paddy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tree is mentioned as having drums hanging from its branches?

    <p>Mango</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the female laborer use to put her baby to sleep?

    <p>A sheet of leather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of animals are described as moving about in the village?

    <p>Chickens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reason might the red-crested cocks be crowing for?

    <p>To call farmers to morning work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social activity is taking place among the Pulaiya women?

    <p>Singing while working</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the children in the village description?

    <p>They wear bracelets of black iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents the main activities described in the village?

    <p>Agricultural labor and animal care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for someone to become a member of the sabha?

    <p>They should be owners of land that generates land revenue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age range is specified for potential sabha members?

    <p>35 to 70 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disqualifies a person from contesting for a committee position?

    <p>Not having submitted accounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What knowledge is expected of potential sabha members?

    <p>Knowledge of the Vedas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the inscriptions, who were the Pulaiyas?

    <p>A caste considered 'outcastes' by Brahmanas and Vellalas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who cannot become a member of another committee according to the guidelines?

    <p>Those who have served on a committee in the last three years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of work is described in the Periyapuranam regarding the Pulaiyas?

    <p>Menial occupations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a qualifying characteristic for sabha members?

    <p>Familiar with the local dialect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Copper Plates and Land Grants

    • Copper plates from the 9th century document a land grant by a ruler, featuring inscriptions in Sanskrit and Tamil.
    • The royal seal secures the plates, signifying authenticity of the land grant.

    Details of the Land Grant

    • The Chola kingdom land grant outlines specific land features including:
      • Boundaries marked by earthen embankments and thorny bushes.
      • Various assets included: fruit trees, gardens, wells, pastures, tanks, granaries, and rivers.

    Chola Kingdom Expansion

    • The Chola dynasty grew under rulers Vijayalaya, Rajaraja I, and Rajendra I, encompassing Pandyan and Pallava territories.
    • Rajaraja I (reigned from 985) reorganized the administration and expanded the kingdom’s borders, including military campaigns to Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia.
    • Rajendra I followed his father’s policies and developed a navy for expeditions.

    Architectural Contributions

    • Rajaraja I and Rajendra I commissioned monumental temples in Thanjavur and Gangaikonda-cholapuram, noted for their architectural design and bronze sculptures.

    Agricultural Advancements

    • Agriculture in Tamil Nadu flourished from the 5th or 6th century; large-scale cultivation required land clearing and leveling.
    • Embankments were necessary to prevent flooding and irrigation systems, including canals and tanks for rainwater collection, were implemented for crop cultivation.

    Role of Bronze Sculptures

    • Chola bronze sculptures are distinguished by intricate decorations, reflecting the artistic achievements of the period.

    Election to Sabha Membership

    • Uttaramerur inscriptions defined eligibility criteria for sabha (local assembly) membership, requiring:
      • Land ownership and residency.
      • Knowledge of Vedas and administrative skills.
      • Age restrictions (35 to 70 years).
      • Prior committee members ineligible for new committees for three years.

    Insights from Periyapuranam

    • The Periyapuranam offers a glimpse into the lives of marginalized communities, depicting everyday life in a hamlet inhabited by Pulaiyas, including agrarian labor and vibrant community activities.

    Tripartite Struggle

    • The tripartite struggle involved key power dynamics and competitions among major dynasties for territorial control.

    Geography and Regions

    • Chola territory primarily located in Tamil Nadu, while other kingdoms such as Gurjara-Pratiharas and Rashtrakutas were associated with regions in Western Deccan, Bengal, and Gujarat/Rajasthan, respectively.

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    Description

    Explore the significance of copper plates used for recording land grants by rulers in the ninth century. This quiz delves into the historical context, implications, and the value of such records in understanding governance and property rights during that era.

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