Hip Osteoarthritis Overview

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of hip osteoarthritis?

Genetic abnormality

Infection

Inflammation of the joint

Degeneration of articular cartilage (correct)

Osteoarthritis can only be caused by trauma or joint injuries.

False

What is the prevalence of hip osteoarthritis in adults aged 55 and older?

7% - 25%

A common risk factor for hip osteoarthritis is being ______.

overweight Signup and view all the answers

Match the following features with their descriptions:

Gradual onset of pain = Pain increases over time Joint stiffness in the morning = Stiffness occurs after rest Increased pain after exercise = Pain worsens with activity Risk factor of fractures = Previous joint injuries increase risk Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is most commonly affected in hip osteoarthritis?

Hip femoral head and acetabulum Signup and view all the answers

Joint pain in hip osteoarthritis typically decreases with rest.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one potential cause of hip osteoarthritis.

LCP (Legg-Calvé-Perthes), SCFE (Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis), trauma, congenital hip dysplasia, or avascular necrosis. Signup and view all the answers

Osteoarthritis can lead to ______ impairment in affected individuals.

functional Signup and view all the answers

What symptom increases after exercise in hip osteoarthritis patients?

Joint pain Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main goals of physical therapy for osteoarthritis?

Promote joint function Signup and view all the answers

The Thomas Test is used to assess joint stiffness.

True Signup and view all the answers

Name one common surgical reason for performing a total hip arthroplasty.

Osteoarthritis Signup and view all the answers

In a total hip arthroplasty, the _______ component is press fit into place.

acetabular Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

NSAIDs = Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used for pain management Cemented prosthetic = Allows partial weight bearing often immediately Anterolateral approach = Minimally invasive surgical technique Heterotopic ossification = Abnormal bone growth in soft tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are common post-surgical risks associated with total hip arthroplasty?

Infections Signup and view all the answers

Flexion contracture is a potential consequence of untreated hip disorders.

True Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is commonly used for pain management in hip disorders?

NSAIDs Signup and view all the answers

The surgical procedure that involves removal and replacement of joint surfaces in the hip is known as __________.

total hip arthroplasty Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option is not typically associated with osteoarthritis management?

Increased joint flexibility training Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hip Osteoarthritis

Degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage in the hip joint.
Characterized by loss of cartilage and subchondral bone changes.
Prevalence: 7% to 25% in individuals aged 55 and over.
Common symptoms: pain, stiffness, functional impairment.
Causes: unknown, trauma, hip dysplasia, avascular necrosis, and other factors.
Risk factors: overweight, joint injuries, repetitive stress.

Clinical Features

Gradual onset of pain, worsening over time.
Aggravating factors: exercise, weather changes, activity.
Joint stiffness, especially after rest or in the morning.
Crepitus (grating sound) during movement.
Reduced range of motion (ROM).
Soft tissue changes impacting psoas flexibility.
Possible flexion contracture.
Positive Thomas test.
Characteristic X-ray findings: joint space narrowing, bone spurs, joint surface changes.

Treatment Goals

Reduce pain.
Improve joint function.
Protect the joint.

Osteoarthritis Treatment

Restricted weight bearing.
Patient education.
Passive range of motion (PROM), active range of motion (AROM) exercises, strengthening exercises.
Gait training.
Activities of daily living (ADL) adaptation.
Medical management: NSAIDs, acetaminophen, corticosteroids.
Surgical interventions when conservative treatment fails.

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)

Elective surgical procedure to replace damaged hip joint surfaces.
Indications: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, non-union fractures, severe hip pain leading to disability.
Procedure: removal of damaged joint surfaces and replacement with artificial components (acetabular and femoral implants).
Acetabular component: press-fit or secured with screws.
Femoral stem: implanted into femur after bone removal.

THA Approaches

Anterolateral (minimally invasive).
Direct lateral.
Posterolateral.
Each approach has specific precautions.

THA Fixation

Cemented: allows early weight-bearing, typically metal head and cup with polyethylene/cement backing.
Non-cemented: relies on bone ingrowth, often used for younger individuals, may require longer restrictions.

THA Post-Surgical Implications

Risks: infection, blood clots, loosening of components, fracture, dislocation, nerve/blood vessel damage, heterotopic ossification.
Treatment: early focus on reducing inflammation and pain, adherence to hip precautions, minimizing muscle atrophy.
Physical therapy: therapeutic exercise, gait training with assistive devices, ROM within precautions.
Long-term rehabilitation: progression of strengthening, ROM, endurance, gait.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz explores the characteristics, clinical features, and treatment goals associated with hip osteoarthritis. It covers symptoms, risk factors, and the impact of the condition on daily function. Perfect for students and professionals interested in musculoskeletal disorders.