Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of hip osteoarthritis?
What is the primary cause of hip osteoarthritis?
- Genetic abnormality
- Infection
- Inflammation of the joint
- Degeneration of articular cartilage (correct)
Osteoarthritis can only be caused by trauma or joint injuries.
Osteoarthritis can only be caused by trauma or joint injuries.
False (B)
What is the prevalence of hip osteoarthritis in adults aged 55 and older?
What is the prevalence of hip osteoarthritis in adults aged 55 and older?
7% - 25%
A common risk factor for hip osteoarthritis is being ______.
A common risk factor for hip osteoarthritis is being ______.
Match the following features with their descriptions:
Match the following features with their descriptions:
Which joint is most commonly affected in hip osteoarthritis?
Which joint is most commonly affected in hip osteoarthritis?
Joint pain in hip osteoarthritis typically decreases with rest.
Joint pain in hip osteoarthritis typically decreases with rest.
Name one potential cause of hip osteoarthritis.
Name one potential cause of hip osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis can lead to ______ impairment in affected individuals.
Osteoarthritis can lead to ______ impairment in affected individuals.
What symptom increases after exercise in hip osteoarthritis patients?
What symptom increases after exercise in hip osteoarthritis patients?
What is one of the main goals of physical therapy for osteoarthritis?
What is one of the main goals of physical therapy for osteoarthritis?
The Thomas Test is used to assess joint stiffness.
The Thomas Test is used to assess joint stiffness.
Name one common surgical reason for performing a total hip arthroplasty.
Name one common surgical reason for performing a total hip arthroplasty.
In a total hip arthroplasty, the _______ component is press fit into place.
In a total hip arthroplasty, the _______ component is press fit into place.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Which of the following are common post-surgical risks associated with total hip arthroplasty?
Which of the following are common post-surgical risks associated with total hip arthroplasty?
Flexion contracture is a potential consequence of untreated hip disorders.
Flexion contracture is a potential consequence of untreated hip disorders.
What type of medication is commonly used for pain management in hip disorders?
What type of medication is commonly used for pain management in hip disorders?
The surgical procedure that involves removal and replacement of joint surfaces in the hip is known as __________.
The surgical procedure that involves removal and replacement of joint surfaces in the hip is known as __________.
Which treatment option is not typically associated with osteoarthritis management?
Which treatment option is not typically associated with osteoarthritis management?
Study Notes
Hip Osteoarthritis
- Degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage in the hip joint.
- Characterized by loss of cartilage and subchondral bone changes.
- Prevalence: 7% to 25% in individuals aged 55 and over.
- Common symptoms: pain, stiffness, functional impairment.
- Causes: unknown, trauma, hip dysplasia, avascular necrosis, and other factors.
- Risk factors: overweight, joint injuries, repetitive stress.
Clinical Features
- Gradual onset of pain, worsening over time.
- Aggravating factors: exercise, weather changes, activity.
- Joint stiffness, especially after rest or in the morning.
- Crepitus (grating sound) during movement.
- Reduced range of motion (ROM).
- Soft tissue changes impacting psoas flexibility.
- Possible flexion contracture.
- Positive Thomas test.
- Characteristic X-ray findings: joint space narrowing, bone spurs, joint surface changes.
Treatment Goals
- Reduce pain.
- Improve joint function.
- Protect the joint.
Osteoarthritis Treatment
- Restricted weight bearing.
- Patient education.
- Passive range of motion (PROM), active range of motion (AROM) exercises, strengthening exercises.
- Gait training.
- Activities of daily living (ADL) adaptation.
- Medical management: NSAIDs, acetaminophen, corticosteroids.
- Surgical interventions when conservative treatment fails.
Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)
- Elective surgical procedure to replace damaged hip joint surfaces.
- Indications: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, non-union fractures, severe hip pain leading to disability.
- Procedure: removal of damaged joint surfaces and replacement with artificial components (acetabular and femoral implants).
- Acetabular component: press-fit or secured with screws.
- Femoral stem: implanted into femur after bone removal.
THA Approaches
- Anterolateral (minimally invasive).
- Direct lateral.
- Posterolateral.
- Each approach has specific precautions.
THA Fixation
- Cemented: allows early weight-bearing, typically metal head and cup with polyethylene/cement backing.
- Non-cemented: relies on bone ingrowth, often used for younger individuals, may require longer restrictions.
THA Post-Surgical Implications
- Risks: infection, blood clots, loosening of components, fracture, dislocation, nerve/blood vessel damage, heterotopic ossification.
- Treatment: early focus on reducing inflammation and pain, adherence to hip precautions, minimizing muscle atrophy.
- Physical therapy: therapeutic exercise, gait training with assistive devices, ROM within precautions.
- Long-term rehabilitation: progression of strengthening, ROM, endurance, gait.
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Description
This quiz explores the characteristics, clinical features, and treatment goals associated with hip osteoarthritis. It covers symptoms, risk factors, and the impact of the condition on daily function. Perfect for students and professionals interested in musculoskeletal disorders.