Hip Osteoarthritis Diagnosis

Definition: A degenerative joint disease characterized by wear and tear of the articular cartilage, leading to bone-on-bone contact and joint pain.
Clinical Features:
- Gradual onset of hip pain, stiffness, and limited mobility
- Pain worsens with activity and improves with rest
- Crepitus (grating or cracking sensation) may be present
Imaging Findings:
- Radiographs: Joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and subchondral sclerosis
- MRI: Cartilage thinning, bone marrow edema, and cysts

Definition: A condition where the femoral head and acetabulum do not fit together properly, causing abnormal contact and damage to the joint.
Types:
- Cam-type: Abnormal shape of the femoral head
- Pincer-type: Abnormal shape of the acetabulum
- Mixed-type: Combination of both
Clinical Features:
- Hip or groin pain, especially with flexion and internal rotation
- Limited range of motion and stiffness
- Positive impingement test ( reproducing pain with manual compression)
Imaging Findings:
- Radiographs: Abnormal shape of the femoral head or acetabulum
- MRI: Labral tears, cartilage damage, and bone marrow edema

Definition: A tear in the fibrocartilaginous labrum that surrounds the acetabulum.
Causes:
- Trauma (e.g., falls, sports injuries)
- FAI
- Degenerative changes (e.g., OA)
Clinical Features:
- Hip or groin pain, especially with flexion and internal rotation
- Clicking or catching sensations
- Limited range of motion and stiffness
Imaging Findings:
- MRI: Labral tear or degeneration
- MR arthrogram: Contrast material leakage into the joint space

Definition: Inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs (bursae) that reduce friction between moving parts in the hip joint.
Types:
- Trochanteric bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae at the greater trochanter
- Iliopsoas bursitis: Inflammation of the bursae at the iliopsoas tendon
Clinical Features:
- Lateral hip pain, swelling, and tenderness
- Pain worsens with activity and improves with rest
- Positive tenderness test (reproducing pain with palpation)
Imaging Findings:
- Ultrasound: Fluid accumulation and inflammation in the bursae
- MRI: Inflammation and fluid accumulation in the bursae

Characterized by wear and tear of articular cartilage, leading to bone-on-bone contact and joint pain
Gradual onset of hip pain, stiffness, and limited mobility
Pain worsens with activity and improves with rest
Crepitus may be present
Imaging findings: joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and subchondral sclerosis on radiographs; cartilage thinning, bone marrow edema, and cysts on MRI

Condition where the femoral head and acetabulum do not fit together properly, causing abnormal contact and damage to the joint
Types: cam-type, pincer-type, and mixed-type
Cam-type: abnormal shape of the femoral head
Pincer-type: abnormal shape of the acetabulum
Mixed-type: combination of both
Hip or groin pain, especially with flexion and internal rotation
Limited range of motion and stiffness
Positive impingement test
Imaging findings: abnormal shape of the femoral head or acetabulum on radiographs; labral tears, cartilage damage, and bone marrow edema on MRI

Tear in the fibrocartilaginous labrum that surrounds the acetabulum
Causes: trauma, FAI, and degenerative changes
Hip or groin pain, especially with flexion and internal rotation
Clicking or catching sensations
Limited range of motion and stiffness
Imaging findings: labral tear or degeneration on MRI; contrast material leakage into the joint space on MR arthrogram

Inflammation of the fluid-filled sacs (bursae) that reduce friction between moving parts in the hip joint
Types: trochanteric bursitis and iliopsoas bursitis
Trochanteric bursitis: inflammation of the bursae at the greater trochanter
Iliopsoas bursitis: inflammation of the bursae at the iliopsoas tendon
Lateral hip pain, swelling, and tenderness
Pain worsens with activity and improves with rest
Positive tenderness test
Imaging findings: fluid accumulation and inflammation in the bursae on ultrasound and MRI