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Questions and Answers
Blood is prevented from changing direction in the veins by:
Blood is prevented from changing direction in the veins by:
The liquid part of the blood is called:
The liquid part of the blood is called:
Blood cells that are responsible for transportation of oxygen are called:
Blood cells that are responsible for transportation of oxygen are called:
What is the thyroid cartilage commonly known as?
What is the thyroid cartilage commonly known as?
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When exhaling, the diaphragm:
When exhaling, the diaphragm:
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Which bone forms the rib cage of the thoracic region with the ribs?
Which bone forms the rib cage of the thoracic region with the ribs?
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The humerus and ulna form the:
The humerus and ulna form the:
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The patella is also called:
The patella is also called:
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The bone that is stationary during the movement is called the:
The bone that is stationary during the movement is called the:
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How many origins does a quadriceps have?
How many origins does a quadriceps have?
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Which part of the brain is responsible for higher brain functions?
Which part of the brain is responsible for higher brain functions?
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How many thoracic spinal nerves are in the human body?
How many thoracic spinal nerves are in the human body?
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In which region of the small intestine are most of the nutrients absorbed?
In which region of the small intestine are most of the nutrients absorbed?
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Testes are an organ found in:
Testes are an organ found in:
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What are the two main parts of the human body's central nervous system?
What are the two main parts of the human body's central nervous system?
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When measuring blood pressure, the numbers represent:
When measuring blood pressure, the numbers represent:
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The superior vena cava:
The superior vena cava:
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The rectum is a part of:
The rectum is a part of:
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Where does digestion start?
Where does digestion start?
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The large intestine mainly:
The large intestine mainly:
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What is the name of the process that happens in the red bone marrow?
What is the name of the process that happens in the red bone marrow?
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The vertebral column protects the:
The vertebral column protects the:
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In the digestive system, the majority of nutrients are absorbed in the:
In the digestive system, the majority of nutrients are absorbed in the:
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What are the motor units made of?
What are the motor units made of?
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What is the name of a state of constant muscle contraction caused by rapid successive nerve signals?
What is the name of a state of constant muscle contraction caused by rapid successive nerve signals?
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Where does integration happen?
Where does integration happen?
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Which part of the PNS is accountable for the flight reaction?
Which part of the PNS is accountable for the flight reaction?
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People who suffer from Type I diabetes are lacking function in which organ?
People who suffer from Type I diabetes are lacking function in which organ?
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In the human body, which of the following is responsible for clotting blood?
In the human body, which of the following is responsible for clotting blood?
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The tidal volume is the amount of air moved during:
The tidal volume is the amount of air moved during:
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At what rate does a healthy heart pump blood while resting?
At what rate does a healthy heart pump blood while resting?
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Which of the layers of the wall of the heart contains cardiac muscles?
Which of the layers of the wall of the heart contains cardiac muscles?
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The heart chamber with the thickest wall is:
The heart chamber with the thickest wall is:
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The blood from the left ventricle goes to:
The blood from the left ventricle goes to:
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The blood vessels that carry the blood from the heart are called:
The blood vessels that carry the blood from the heart are called:
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All of the following contribute material to semen except:
All of the following contribute material to semen except:
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Fertilization typically takes place in the:
Fertilization typically takes place in the:
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Which of the following statements about the placenta is not true?
Which of the following statements about the placenta is not true?
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Which gland(s) indirectly controls growth by acting on the pituitary?
Which gland(s) indirectly controls growth by acting on the pituitary?
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
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A patient experiencing symptoms such as kidney stones and arthritis due to calcium imbalance probably has a disorder of which gland?
A patient experiencing symptoms such as kidney stones and arthritis due to calcium imbalance probably has a disorder of which gland?
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Food passes through all of the following organs except:
Food passes through all of the following organs except:
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How many pair(s) of salivary glands are in the human body?
How many pair(s) of salivary glands are in the human body?
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The esophagus performs all of the following functions except:
The esophagus performs all of the following functions except:
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Which layer of the stomach contains blood vessels and nerves?
Which layer of the stomach contains blood vessels and nerves?
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Bile is stored in the:
Bile is stored in the:
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Which of the following forms the CNS with the brain?
Which of the following forms the CNS with the brain?
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The part of the neuron that is mainly responsible for transporting information from the cell is called the:
The part of the neuron that is mainly responsible for transporting information from the cell is called the:
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The neurons that signal muscles to contract are called:
The neurons that signal muscles to contract are called:
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Cerebrospinal fluid can be found in all of the following except:
Cerebrospinal fluid can be found in all of the following except:
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The hypothalamus is located in the:
The hypothalamus is located in the:
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Which type of muscle is found in the blood vessels?
Which type of muscle is found in the blood vessels?
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Cardiac muscle is:
Cardiac muscle is:
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Tendons always attach skeletal muscle to bone:
Tendons always attach skeletal muscle to bone:
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Myofibrils:
Myofibrils:
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How many bones do adults have?
How many bones do adults have?
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Which is the strongest type of skeletal muscle?
Which is the strongest type of skeletal muscle?
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Stem cells can be found in the:
Stem cells can be found in the:
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The long bones are the main bones of the:
The long bones are the main bones of the:
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The jawbone is called the:
The jawbone is called the:
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The primary opening for breathing in and out is:
The primary opening for breathing in and out is:
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The second vertebral in the chest region is called:
The second vertebral in the chest region is called:
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The air that we breathe in through the mouth enters the throat at the:
The air that we breathe in through the mouth enters the throat at the:
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How many lobes does the left lung have?
How many lobes does the left lung have?
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Bronchioles branch from the:
Bronchioles branch from the:
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Study Notes
Blood and Circulation
- Blood direction in veins is regulated by valves, preventing backflow.
- Plasma is the liquid component of blood, making up the majority.
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells) are responsible for oxygen transportation.
Anatomy of the Throat and Lungs
- The thyroid cartilage is commonly known as the Adam's apple.
- During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes.
- The rib cage is formed by the sternum and ribs; it protects thoracic organs.
Musculoskeletal Connections
- Humerus and ulna form the elbow joint.
- The patella, also known as the kneecap, is vital for knee function.
- Muscle origins are stationary points during contraction; the quadriceps have four origins.
Nervous System Overview
- The cerebral cortex manages higher brain functions.
- There are 12 thoracic spinal nerves in the human body.
- Central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord.
Digestion and Metabolism
- Most nutrient absorption occurs in the jejunum region of the small intestine.
- Digestion begins in the mouth, where food is mechanically broken down.
- The large intestine's main role is to absorb water from indigestible food.
Endocrine Functions
- Hematopoiesis occurs in red bone marrow, producing blood cells.
- Testes are male reproductive organs, responsible for sperm production.
- The hypothalamus indirectly controls growth by influencing the pituitary gland.
Heart and Respiratory System
- Blood pressure readings consist of systolic and diastolic pressures.
- The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta.
- A healthy heart pumps approximately 5 liters of blood per minute during rest.
Muscle and Bone Structures
- Cardiac muscle is involuntary, keeping the heart beating unconsciously.
- Bones protect vital organs and support body structure; adults have 206 bones.
- Myofibrils are responsible for muscle contractions, found in skeletal muscle.
Female Reproductive System
- Fertilization typically takes place in the fallopian tubes.
- The placenta releases hormones and provides nutrients to the fetus.
Respiratory Pathways
- The primary entryway for breathing is the nose.
- The left lung is composed of two lobes, allowing efficient gas exchange.
Special Functions
- Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in the ventricles and subarachnoid space, providing cushioning.
- Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, essential for wound healing.
Senses and Integration
- Motor neurons signal muscle contraction, playing a crucial role in movement.
- Integration of sensory data primarily happens in the central nervous system.
Glandular Functions and Disorders
- Parathyroid glands manage calcium levels, influencing conditions like kidney stones.
- The adrenal glands play a role in stress responses through hormone release.
Digestive Pathway
- Food travels through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines; the liver does not participate in this process directly.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of anatomy and physiology concepts with this set of flashcards designed for the HESI A2 exam in 2021. Each card focuses on key terms and definitions that are crucial for understanding human body systems and functions. Prepare effectively for your exam by mastering these essential topics.
