Infectious and Fungal Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which virus is associated with mononucleosis?

  • Epstein-Barr virus (correct)
  • Herpes simplex type two
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Cytomegalovirus

    • Which herpes virus is linked to a condition called hairy leukoplakia?

  • HHV-8
  • Herpes simplex type one
  • HHV-6 (correct)
  • Varicella zoster virus

    • Which virus tends to come out in immune-compromised patients?

  • Cytomegalovirus (correct)
  • Herpes simplex type two
  • HHV-8
  • Varicella zoster virus

    • Which herpes virus is associated with a malignant tumor in HIV-positive patients?

    <p>HHV-8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is often asymptomatic in over half of the population it has been exposed to?

    <p>Herpes simplex type one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which herpes virus is responsible for chickenpox?

    <p>Varicella zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for herpes lesions?

    <p>Contact with viral particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before the practice of wearing gloves, which group was at risk of herpetic whitlow?

    <p>Dentists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'scrum pox' and how can it be acquired?

    <p>Skin infection from wrestling mats contaminated with herpes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key spot for diagnosis if a biopsy is indicated for classic herpes lesions?

    <p>The edge of the ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature observed within a couple of days of ulcer onset in virally modified cells?

    <p>Nuclear molding and cell rounding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which individuals can secondary manifestation of herpes occur?

    <p>Individuals who acquire the virus from a carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for primary infection with herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Systemic valacyclovir or acyclovir within the first three days of active ulcerative lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does recurrent herpes labialis typically present?

    <p>Coalescing vesicles filled with fluid and viral particles in the labial vermilion area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can recurrent herpes lead to through autoinoculation?

    <p>Herpetic gingival stomatitis and herpetic conjunctivitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can primary herpes infection be differentiated from other ulcers?

    <p>Considering acute onset, fever, and involvement of keratinized mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are recurrent herpes lesions typically presented in immunocompetent patients?

    <p>Unilateral and typically present on the same site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of good hygiene practices in managing recurrent herpes?

    <p>Important to minimize viral shedding and spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of chickenpox?

    <p>Fever, runny nose, muscle aches, and itchy vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the chickenpox virus, varicella, primarily spread?

    <p>Through sneezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can varicella, the chickenpox virus, cause in patients, in addition to skin involvement?

    <p>Oral involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of shingles, or herpes zoster?

    <p>It typically involves only one sensory area along the dorsal ganglion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is at a higher risk of developing shingles?

    <p>Cases of immune suppression or aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions can Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lead to?

    <p>Lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and undifferentiated salivary carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers reactivation of the herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Oral pathology, immune senescence, UV exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of herpes simplex virus tends to infect below the waist?

    <p>HSV-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of initial exposure to the herpes simplex virus?

    <p>Malaise, anorexia, low-grade fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for oral and labial disease?

    <p>HSV-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can primary exposure to the virus result in ulcers in the mouth?

    <p>Both keratinized and non-keratinized mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is distinct from recurrent herpes and requires different intervention?

    <p>Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Herpes Simplex Virus

    • Herpes simplex virus is a DNA virus that thrives in epithelial cells and nerve ganglia.
    • Initial exposure to the virus can cause symptoms such as malaise, anorexia, low-grade fever, and oral ulcerative lesions.
    • The virus remains in the body and can reactivate, often presenting as recurrent herpes labialis on the lips or intraoral forms.
    • HSV-1 tends to infect above the waist, while HSV-2 infects below the waist, but their clinical and histopathological characteristics are similar.
    • HSV-1 is commonly contracted through routine household contact and is responsible for oral and labial disease.
    • Subclinical infections can occur, leading to transmission of the virus without obvious lesions.
    • Reactivation triggers for the virus can include hormonal changes, illness, emotional factors, oral pathology, immune senescence, trauma, and UV exposure.
    • Half of those infected experience reactivation, often referred to as fever blisters, and UV exposure is an unequivocal trigger for reactivation.
    • Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is distinct from recurrent herpes and requires different intervention.
    • Primary exposure to the virus can result in ulcers anywhere in the mouth, including keratinized and non-keratinized mucosa.
    • Keratinized mucosa includes the top of the tongue, dorsal tongue, and attached gingiva, while non-keratinized mucosa is found in most other areas of the mouth.
    • Distinguishing between primary and recurrent herpes is important for appropriate intervention.

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