Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of herpes labialis?

  • Superficial vesicles on the oropharynx associated with a burning or tingling sensation (correct)
  • Flat-topped papules primarily in children
  • Deep dermal ulcers covered by necrotic tissue
  • Papules on the soles of the feet

Oral acyclovir is a topical antiviral treatment typically applied five times a day for 5–7 days for severe and complicated cases of herpes simplex.

False (B)

Within what timeframe should treatment for herpes simplex with acyclovir cream ideally begin after the onset of the rash to be most effective?

48 hours

Mothers with herpes simplex 2 infections should deliver via ______ to prevent neonatal herpes.

<p>caesarean section</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following herpes simplex treatments with their specific use cases:

<p>Acyclovir cream = Applied topically to lesions in mild to uncomplicated cases. Oral acyclovir = Used systemically for severe and complicated cases. Vidarabine and foscarnet = Used for patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Cidofovir and trifluridine = Reserved for acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the image, what is the recommended dose of valacyclovir for acute herpes zoster treatment?

<p>1000 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The varicella-zoster vaccine is recommended for all adults to prevent herpes zoster, regardless of age.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target timeframe for initiating treatment after an acute outbreak of herpes zoster to maximize its effectiveness?

<p>72 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

For patients experiencing postherpetic neuralgia, medications like gabapentin and pregabalin, known as ______, are used to manage nerve pain.

<p>anticonvulsants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following treatments with their appropriate classification for managing herpes zoster:

<p>Valacyclovir = First-line antiviral therapy Gabapentin = Second-line therapy for postherpetic neuralgia Amitriptyline = Tricyclic antidepressant Lidocaine patch = Topical treatment for pain relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the appearance of common warts caused by the human papilloma virus?

<p>Asymptomatic skin-colored &amp; verrucous papules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Genital warts are characterized by asymptomatic, non-bleeding papules found exclusively on the soles of the feet.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe warts that appear as long, thin, and stalk-like growths on the skin?

<p>filiform warts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Salicylic acid and glutaraldehyde are considered ______ for treating warts.

<p>first-line therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of wart with its corresponding description:

<p>Plantar warts = Occur on the soles of the feet and grow inwards. Filiform warts = Long, thin, pedunculated skin growths. Genital warts = Soft, pinkish, moist growths on genital skin. Plane warts = Small, flat-topped papules, common in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes Molluscum Contagiosum?

<p>Shiny, pearly white, dome-shaped papules with a central depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cryotherapy is considered a primary first-line treatment for Molluscum Contagiosum.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic material that can be expressed from the central punctum when squeezing a Molluscum Contagiosum lesion?

<p>white cheesy material</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the first-line treatments for molluscum contagiosum involves ______ with gloved fingers or fine forceps.

<p>manual extrusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatment strategies with their corresponding level of intervention for Molluscum Contagiosum:

<p>Wait spontaneous resolution = First-line Manual extrusion = First-line Salicylic acid = Second-line Cryotherapy = Second-line</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herpes Facialis primarily affects which area?

<p>Around orifices such as nose, eyes, and ears (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herpes zoster presents as bilateral groups of vesicles on an erythematous base.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sensation typically precedes the vesicles characteristic of Herpes labialis?

<p>burning or tingling sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Genital warts manifest as soft, pinkish, moist growths with a ______ appearance.

<p>cauliflower</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following skin conditions with their typical treatments:

<p>Herpes simplex = Acyclovir Herpes zoster = Valacyclovir Warts = Salicylic acid Molluscum contagiosum = Manual extrusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication requires a Caesarean section to avoid neonatal herpes?

<p>Herpes simplex 2 infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Condoms are not prevention tools for herpes genitalis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the type of herpes zoster that can cause enlarged local LNs.

<p>herpes zoster</p> Signup and view all the answers

Common warts are characterized by asymptomatic skin-colored and ______ papules.

<p>verrucous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to human papilloma virus:

<p>Common warts = Asymptomatic skin-colored and verrucous papules Plane warts = Shows Koebner phenomenon Filiform warts = long, thin, pedunculated skin growths Plantar warts = Tender and growing inwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line therapy for warts caused by the human papilloma virus?

<p>Salicylic acid preparations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The only treatment for warts is salicylic acid. Other therapies do not exist.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the third-line treatment for warts caused by molluscum contagiosum?

<p>Electrocautery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the first-line treatment for molluscum contagiosum?

<p>Wait spontaneous resolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Molluscum contagiosum have hard nodules.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of viruses with their resulting disease types.

<p>Herpes simplex virus = Herpes labialis, Herpes Facialis, and Herpes genitalis Herpes varicella zoster = Herpes zoster Human papilloma virus = Warts (verruca) Pox virus = Molluscum Contagiosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary manifestation of herpes varicella zoster?

<p>Herpes zoster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary cause of warts (verruca)?

<p>Human papilloma virus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary cause of molluscum contagiosum?

<p>Pox virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug requires regular monitoring for nephrotoxicity?

<p>Cidofovir (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for topical treatments like salicylic acid in treating warts?

<p>Causing necrosis and peeling of the affected skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with superficial vesicles on the oropharynx associated with a burning sensation. Which of the following conditions is most likely?

<p>Herpes labialis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acyclovir cream should be applied to herpes simplex lesions twice a day for 2-3 days for effective treatment.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first-line therapy for acute herpes zoster within the first 72 hours?

<p>Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, or Aciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

Molluscum contagiosum is characterized by shiny, pearly white, dome-shaped ______ with a smooth surface and a characteristic central depression.

<p>papules</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of warts with their descriptions:

<p>Common warts = Asymptomatic skin-colored &amp; verrucous papules. Plane warts = Asymptomatic skin-colored &amp; flat-topped papules. Occur more in children &amp; Shows Koebner phenomenon. Filiform warts = Long, thin, pedunculated skin growths. Plantar warts = Involves sole of foot, tender, thick &amp; growing inwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Herpes Labialis

A superficial infection caused by herpes simplex virus on the oropharynx. Characterized by vesicles, burning sensation, and painful denuded areas.

Herpes Facialis

A Herpes simplex virus infection around the orifices such as the nose, eyes, ears as well as on the cheeks.

Herpes Genitalis

A painful superficial vesicles on an erythematous base followed by erosion or genital ulceration caused by Herpes simplex virus.

Acyclovir Cream

Antiviral cream applied to herpes simplex lesions to reduce healing time. Apply five times a day for 5-7 days, starting within 48 hours of rash onset.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oral Acyclovir

Oral antiviral taken for severe/complicated herpes simplex or in immunosuppressed patients. Taken five times daily for 5–7 days.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Famciclovir/Valaciclovir

Antivirals used for severe/complicated herpes simplex or in immunosuppressed patients. Taken twice daily for 5–7 days.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Caesarean Section

A surgery to deliver mothers who have herpes simplex 2 infection to prevent neonatal herpes in newborns.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vidarabine/Foscarnet

Antiviral medications used for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that have herpes simplex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cidofovir/Triflurothymidine

Antiviral medications used for resistance acyclovir herpes simplex.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Herpes Zoster

Unilateral groups of vesicles on erythematous and edematous base, along the distribution of one or more sensory nerves.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Valacyclovir

Antiviral medication, 1000mg, taken 3 times daily for 7 days, for acute herpes zoster.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Famciclovir

Antiviral medication, 500mg, taken 3 times daily for 7 days, for acute herpes zoster.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Aciclovir

Antiviral medication, 800mg, taken 5 times daily for 7 days, for acute herpes zoster.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gabapentin/Pregabalin

Medications that reduce nerve pain (postherpetic neuralgia) after herpes zoster infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Amitriptyline/Nortriptyline

Medications that reduce nerve pain (postherpetic neuralgia) after herpes zoster infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oxycodone

Medications that reduce nerve pain (postherpetic neuralgia) after herpes zoster infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Varicella-Zoster Vaccine

A vaccine licensed for protection against herpes zoster in adults over 50 years of age.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Common Warts

Asymptomatic skin-colored & verrucous papules caused by human papilloma virus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Plane Warts

Asymptomatic skin-colored & flat-topped papules. Occur more in children & Shows Koebner phenomenon.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Filiform Warts

Long, thin, pedunculated skin growths in filiform warts

Signup and view all the flashcards

Plantar Warts

Warts that involves sole of foot, tender, thick & growing inwards.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Genital Warts

Warts that involves skin of genitals in both sexes. They are soft pinkish, moist, foul smelling outgrowths that bleed easily with a cauliflower appearance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Salicylic Acid

First-line treatment of warts that causes the outer layer of skin to slowly peel off.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Molluscum Contagiosum

Shiny, pearly white, dome-shaped papules with a smooth surface and characteristic central depression. A white cheesy material can be expressed from the central punctum on squeezing the lesion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Skin viral infections are caused by viruses.

Herpes Simplex Virus

  • Includes Herpes labialis, Herpes Facialis, and Herpes genitalis
  • Hsp-1 and Hsp-2 are associated with this virus

Herpes Labialis

  • Results in superficial vesicles on the oropharynx
  • Associated with burning or tingling sensations
  • Vesicles rupture quickly, leaving painful denuded areas

Herpes Facialis

  • Develops around orifices such as the nose, eyes, and ears
  • Can also appear on the cheeks

Herpes Genitalis

  • Characterized by painful, grouped superficial vesicles on an erythematous base
  • Leads to erosion or genital ulceration

Treatment of Herpes Simplex

  • Lesions are typically self-limited.
  • Mild, uncomplicated cases are treated symptomatically with analgesics for pain.
  • Calamine lotion is used for pruritus
  • Topical antibiotics are used if there is a secondary infection.
  • Antiviral therapy reduces healing time.
  • Acyclovir cream should be applied to lesions five times a day for 5–7 days, starting within 48 hours of rash onset.
  • Systemic treatment is needed for severe, complicated, and immunosuppressed patients.
  • Oral acyclovir 200 mg is administered five times daily for 5–7 days.
  • Famciclovir 500 mg or valaciclovir 500 mg is taken twice daily for 5–7 days.
  • Mothers with herpes simplex 2 should deliver via Caesarean section to prevent neonatal herpes.
  • Vidarabine + foscarnet is used for patients with AIDS.
  • Cidofovir + triflurithymidine is used for acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex.
  • Condoms and a vaccine (Glycoprotein-D) can be used for herpes genitalis prevention.

Herpes Varicella Zoster

  • Leads to Herpes zoster
  • Unilateral groups of vesicles form on an erythematous and edematous base
  • Occurs along the distribution of one or more sensory nerves
  • Local lymph nodes may be enlarged
  • First-line therapy is an early treatment done within 72 hours.

Medications for Herpes Zoster

  • Valacyclovir 1000 mg three times daily for 7 days
  • Famciclovir 500 mg three times daily for 7 days
  • Aciclovir 800 mg five times daily for 7 days
  • Second-line treatments reduce postherpetic neuralgia.
  • Anticonvulsants like Gabapentin and Pregabalin are prescribed.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline and nortriptyline may be used.
  • Opioids (oxycodone) and lidocaine patches can treat symptoms
  • A varicella-zoster vaccine protects adults over 50 against herpes zoster.

Human Papilloma Virus

  • Causes warts (verruca)

Common Warts

  • Asymptomatic, skin-colored & verrucous papules

Plane Warts (Verruca Plana)

  • Asymptomatic, skin-colored and flat-topped papules
  • More common in children
  • Display the Koebner phenomenon

Filiform Warts (Verruca Filiformis)

  • Long, thin, pedunculated skin growths

Plantar Warts (Verruca Plantaris)

  • Involve the sole of the foot
  • They’re tender, thick, and grow inwards

Genital Warts (Condylomata Acuminata)

  • Involve the skin and mucous membranes of the genitals in both sexes
  • They are soft, pinkish, moist, and foul-smelling outgrowths that bleed easily, resembling cauliflower

Treatment of Warts

  • First-line therapies include salicylic acid preparations, glutaraldehyde, and silver nitrate.
  • Second-line therapy includes liquid nitrogen cryotherapy.
  • Third-line treatments are electrocautery and laser treatment.

Pox Virus

  • Leads to Molluscum Contagiosum
  • Shiny, pearly white, dome-shaped papules.
  • Papules have a smooth surface and a characteristic central depression.
  • A white, cheesy material can be expressed from the central punctum by squeezing the lesion.

Molluscum Contagiosum Treatment

  • First-line treatments include waiting for spontaneous resolution or manual extrusion with gloved fingers or fine forceps.
  • Second-line treatments include 5% acidified nitrate + 5% salicylic acid, salicylic acid gel 12%, 10% povidone-iodine + 50% salicylic acid, 40% silver nitrate paste, and cryotherapy.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser