Herbal Medicine Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following compounds is a key component of tumeric?

  • Gingerols
  • Gingerones
  • Sennidins
  • Curcumin (correct)

    • What is the primary pharmacological effect of sennidins?

  • Hepatoprotective
  • Laxative (correct)
  • Antinausea
  • Anti-inflammatory

    • Which of the following plants contains compounds with both cholagogue and hepatoprotective properties?

  • Cassia obtusifolia
  • Curcuma longa
  • Zingiber officinale
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which compound in ginger is known for its antinausea effects?

    <p>Gingerols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using tumeric extracts in traditional medicine?

    <p>Reducing inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ellagitannins?

    <p>To act as antioxidants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT considered a complex tannin?

    <p>Resveratrol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the compound Lawsone, found in henna?

    <p>To treat skin infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential benefit attributed to Resveratrol?

    <p>Reducing the risk of heart disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common source of Resveratrol?

    <p>Green Tea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the traditional use of Henna root decoction?

    <p>Inducing labor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an anthraquinone?

    <p>Senna (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific name for Gelenggang kecil, a type of local senna?

    <p>Cassia occidentalis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a caffeic acid derivative discussed in the text?

    <p>Lithospermic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a caffeic acid derivative?

    <p>Salicylic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of phenolics?

    <p>Primary source of energy for plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the shikimate pathway is correct?

    <p>It is responsible for the production of benzoic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives, and other related compounds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text mentions that Java tea (Misai Kucing) is traditionally used as a diuretic. Which of the following caffeic acid derivatives is found in Java tea, according to the text?

    <p>Caffeic esters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a known inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase that is mentioned in the text?

    <p>3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants is mentioned as a source of Chicoric acid?

    <p>Echinacea angustifolia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between phenolics and the shikimate pathway?

    <p>Phenolics are synthesized through the shikimate pathway. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following phytochemicals is NOT found in citrus fruits?

    <p>Anthocyanins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of witch hazel?

    <p>Treatment of venous insufficiency and haemorrhoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a flavonone glycoside found in citrus fruits?

    <p>Naringin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anthocyanins mentioned in the text?

    <p>Vitamin P &amp; non-toxic coloring agents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a source of anthocyanins?

    <p>Green tea leaves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of anthocyanin?

    <p>Hesperidin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common source of tannins?

    <p>Green tea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tannins in traditional medicine?

    <p>Astringent and antidiarrheal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structural difference between hydrolysable tannins and procyanidins?

    <p>Hydrolysable tannins are composed of glucose esters, while procyanidins are linked flavan-3-ols units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common source of tannins mentioned in the text?

    <p>Hibiscus leaves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of coumarin?

    <p>Found in citrus plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential medicinal use for furocoumarins?

    <p>Treatment of skin conditions like psoriasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of podophyllotoxin?

    <p>Treatment of venereal warts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of lignin and lignans?

    <p>They are important components of plant cell walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between etoposide and tenoposide?

    <p>Etoposide has a methyl group (CH3) at the R position, while tenoposide has a thienyl group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a direct precursor in the biosynthesis of various flavonoids?

    <p>Podophyllotoxin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of chalcones in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway?

    <p>They are the precursors to flavanones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following flavonoids is NOT directly involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway?

    <p>Isoflavones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a known biological property of flavonoids?

    <p>Role as plant hormones regulating growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following flavonoid types is primarily responsible for the red, blue, and violet colors in plants?

    <p>Anthocyanidins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific medicinal application is rutin traditionally recognized for?

    <p>Treatment of venous insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements describes the major function of quercetin?

    <p>It scavenges free radicals and prevents oxidation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plant species is NOT directly associated with the presence of rutin?

    <p>Citrus aurantium ssp.bergamia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing property of citroflavonoids compared to other flavonoids?

    <p>They are exclusively found in citrus species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, what is a significant concern associated with the use of furocoumarins?

    <p>Potential for photosensitization and sunburns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medicinal properties are attributed to phenolics?

    <p>They are often used as starting materials for drug synthesis. (A), They are sometimes used in weight loss preparations. (B), They have a role in the defense mechanisms of plants. (C), They act as waste products within plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Choose the caffeic acid derivative that is NOT mentioned as being found within Java tea (Misai Kucing).

    <p>Lithospermic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the compound that serves as an inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase and is found in Baccharis genistelloides.

    <p>3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these plants is NOT known to contain Chicoric acid?

    <p>Baccharis genistelloides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic shared by both lignins and lignans?

    <p>They are key components of plant cell walls. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the compound that is NOT a direct precursor in the biosynthesis of various flavonoids.

    <p>Naringenin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these biological properties is NOT typically associated with flavonoids?

    <p>Immune-suppressing activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a known medicinal application for Rutin, a flavonoid compound?

    <p>Treatment of Alzheimer's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a traditional use of tannins in medicine?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a type of anthocyanin?

    <p>Naringin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants is a source of procyanidins?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hydrolysable tannins?

    <p>To act as astringents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a gallotannin?

    <p>Pentagalloylglucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a traditional use of hawthorn berries?

    <p>Treatment of haemorrhoids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a known benefit attributed to anthocyanins?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants is NOT a source of tannins?

    <p>Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of procyanidins?

    <p>They are linked by 4→8 or 4→6 interflavanic bonds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary traditional use of Henna root decoction?

    <p>Abortifacient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a potential benefit attributed to Resveratrol?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of Anthraquinone?

    <p>Sennidins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a known laxative?

    <p>Lawsone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common therapeutic use of Curcumin?

    <p>Anti-inflammatory agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of ginger is TRUE?

    <p>Ginger is traditionally used to treat stomach problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is a direct precursor in the biosynthesis of various flavonoids?

    <p>Chalcones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary medicinal application of dicoumarol?

    <p>Anticoagulant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which furocoumarin is specifically mentioned in the text as being a component of bergamot oil?

    <p>Bergapten (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary medicinal use of podophyllotoxin?

    <p>Treating venereal warts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key structural difference between etoposide and tenoposide?

    <p>Etoposide has a thienyl group, while tenoposide has a methyl group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these flavonoid types is NOT directly involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway?

    <p>Proanthocyanidins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary medicinal application of rutin traditionally recognized for?

    <p>Treating venous insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is a key component of turmeric, known for its anti-inflammatory properties?

    <p>Curcumin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which senna species, mentioned in the text, is commonly known as 'Gelenggang kecil'?

    <p>Cassia angustifolia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gingerols, the active components found in ginger?

    <p>Hepatoprotective and Cholagogue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a traditional use of turmeric?

    <p>Treating ulcers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, which of the following compounds is primarily associated with the laxative effects of Senna species?

    <p>Sennidins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is a flavonone glycoside found in citrus fruits?

    <p>Naringin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants is known for its use in treating venous insufficiency and haemorrhoids due to the presence of tannins?

    <p>Witch hazel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tannins in traditional medicine, as described in the text?

    <p>Astringent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of procyanidin that does NOT contain an interflavanic ether linkage?

    <p>Procyanidin with six flavan-3-ols units linked 4→8 or 4→6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a flavonoid?

    <p>Gallic acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following anthocyanins has the chemical structure R1 = OCH3; R2 = H?

    <p>Peonidin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plant parts is NOT listed as a source of anthocyanins?

    <p>Bark of witch hazel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tannin is gallotannin?

    <p>Hydrolysable Tannin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of tannins in traditional medicine is TRUE?

    <p>Tannins are often used as astringents to treat skin and mucous membrane problems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential medicinal use for furocoumarins?

    <p>Treating skin cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these compounds is NOT a caffeic acid derivative?

    <p>Xanthotoxin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound found in henna is primarily responsible for its use as a coloring agent and cosmetic?

    <p>Lawsone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common traditional use for the root decoction of henna?

    <p>Abortifacient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is classified as a stilbene?

    <p>Resveratrol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a known medicinal property associated with Resveratrol?

    <p>Anti-bacterial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ellagitannins in the context of complex tannins?

    <p>To increase the astringent properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using senna in traditional medicine?

    <p>Laxative effect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups of phytochemicals is NOT directly involved in the formation of complex tannins?

    <p>Stilbenes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anthraquinones in senna, as discussed in the text?

    <p>Laxative effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these compounds is a caffeic acid derivative found in Java Tea (Misai Kucing)?

    <p>Dicaffeoyltartaric acid (A), Monocaffeoyltartaric acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a known inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, derived from the plant Baccharis genistelloides?

    <p>3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants is NOT a known source of Chicoric acid?

    <p>Baccharis genistelloides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary biogenesis pathway responsible for the production of caffeic acid derivatives?

    <p>Shikimate pathway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of phenolics mentioned in the text?

    <p>Serving as pigments responsible for plant coloration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between shikimate pathway and phenolics?

    <p>The shikimate pathway is a major route for the biosynthesis of various phenolic compounds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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