Hepato-biliary Pathology Lec 4: Gallbladder Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the main risk factor for cholesterol gall stones?

  • Being underweight
  • Teenage years
  • Male sex hormones
  • Obesity (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing cholesterol gall stones?

  • Being a woman
  • Pregnancy
  • Frequent exercise (correct)
  • Family history of gall stones

What is the main difference between black and brown pigment stones?

  • Occurrence in infected bile ducts (correct)
  • Location in the biliary tree
  • Association with hemolysis
  • Color

Which factor is responsible for the acceleration of cholesterol nucleation in the bile?

<p>Hypomotility of the gallbladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What promotes the aggregation of nucleated crystals into gallstones?

<p>Hypersecretion of mucus in the gallbladder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic group has a higher prevalence of gallstones?

<p>Western countries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the risk factors associated with cholelithiasis?

<p>Demography, chronic hemolysis, and liver cirrhosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gastrointestinal disorder is NOT mentioned as a risk factor for cholelithiasis?

<p>Ulcerative colitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of cholelithiasis that involves inflammation of the gallbladder?

<p>Gallstone ileus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common major complication of gallstones?

<p>Acute calculous cholecystitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis?

<p>Bile stasis and concentration due to stone obstruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of acute cholecystitis cases are due to obstruction by gallstones?

<p>90% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of chronic cholecystitis?

<p>Super-saturation of bile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of chronic cholecystitis on gross examination?

<p>Thick wall and presence of stones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of cholangitis?

<p>Bacterial infection of bile ducts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT typically seen in advanced histopathology of chronic cholecystitis?

<p>Scattered lymphocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe outpouchings of the mucosal epithelium through the gallbladder wall in chronic cholecystitis?

<p>Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pathological process leading to stone formation in chronic cholecystitis?

<p>Super-saturation of bile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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