Hepato-biliary Pathology Lec 4: Gallbladder Diseases
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Questions and Answers

What is the main risk factor for cholesterol gall stones?

  • Being underweight
  • Teenage years
  • Male sex hormones
  • Obesity (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing cholesterol gall stones?

  • Being a woman
  • Pregnancy
  • Frequent exercise (correct)
  • Family history of gall stones
  • What is the main difference between black and brown pigment stones?

  • Occurrence in infected bile ducts (correct)
  • Location in the biliary tree
  • Association with hemolysis
  • Color
  • Which factor is responsible for the acceleration of cholesterol nucleation in the bile?

    <p>Hypomotility of the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What promotes the aggregation of nucleated crystals into gallstones?

    <p>Hypersecretion of mucus in the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic group has a higher prevalence of gallstones?

    <p>Western countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the risk factors associated with cholelithiasis?

    <p>Demography, chronic hemolysis, and liver cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gastrointestinal disorder is NOT mentioned as a risk factor for cholelithiasis?

    <p>Ulcerative colitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of cholelithiasis that involves inflammation of the gallbladder?

    <p>Gallstone ileus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common major complication of gallstones?

    <p>Acute calculous cholecystitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathogenesis of acute calculous cholecystitis?

    <p>Bile stasis and concentration due to stone obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of acute cholecystitis cases are due to obstruction by gallstones?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of chronic cholecystitis?

    <p>Super-saturation of bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of chronic cholecystitis on gross examination?

    <p>Thick wall and presence of stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of cholangitis?

    <p>Bacterial infection of bile ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is NOT typically seen in advanced histopathology of chronic cholecystitis?

    <p>Scattered lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe outpouchings of the mucosal epithelium through the gallbladder wall in chronic cholecystitis?

    <p>Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main pathological process leading to stone formation in chronic cholecystitis?

    <p>Super-saturation of bile</p> Signup and view all the answers

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