Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between portal hypertension and ascites in liver disease?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between portal hypertension and ascites in liver disease?
- Portal hypertension increases aldosterone production, causing renal retention of sodium and water, thus leading to ascites.
- Portal hypertension increases pressure in the peritoneal capillaries, which forces protein-poor fluid into the abdominal cavity, leading to ascites. (correct)
- Portal hypertension causes increased capillary permeability, leading to protein-rich fluid leakage into the peritoneal cavity, resulting in ascites.
- Portal hypertension leads to decreased hydrostatic pressure in abdominal blood vessels, causing fluid to shift into the peritoneal cavity, resulting in ascites.
Esophageal varices are a direct result of impaired liver function affecting the production of clotting factors, making the blood vessels more fragile and prone to bleeding.
Esophageal varices are a direct result of impaired liver function affecting the production of clotting factors, making the blood vessels more fragile and prone to bleeding.
False (B)
Briefly explain how the liver's impaired ability to convert ammonia to urea contributes to hepatic encephalopathy.
Briefly explain how the liver's impaired ability to convert ammonia to urea contributes to hepatic encephalopathy.
When the liver cannot convert ammonia to urea, ammonia levels in the blood rise. Ammonia is neurotoxic and crosses the blood-brain barrier, leading to neurological dysfunction and encephalopathy.
In the context of liver transplantation, immunosuppressant medications are crucial to prevent ______ of the transplanted organ.
In the context of liver transplantation, immunosuppressant medications are crucial to prevent ______ of the transplanted organ.
Match each type of hepatitis with its primary mode of transmission:
Match each type of hepatitis with its primary mode of transmission:
Flashcards
Jaundice Definition
Jaundice Definition
Yellowish or greenish discoloration of body tissues caused by hyperbilirubinemia.
Portal Hypertension
Portal Hypertension
Increased pressure in the portal venous system, often due to liver disease.
Ascites
Ascites
Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, often a complication of liver disease.
Esophageal Varices
Esophageal Varices
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Hepatic Encephalopathy
Hepatic Encephalopathy
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Study Notes
- The liver's metabolic functions, pathophysiologic changes, and clinical manifestations in hepatic disorders, along with the significance of liver function test results, need identification.
- Proper techniques to perform a health history and physical assessment must be explained and demonstrated to differentiate between normal and abnormal findings in patients with liver alterations.
- Relationships between jaundice, portal hypertension, ascites, varices, nutritional deficiencies, hepatic encephalopathy, coma, and pathophysiologic alterations of the liver require explanation.
- Medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients with esophageal varices must be described.
- Various types of hepatitis, including causes, prevention, clinical manifestations, management, prognosis, and home health care needs must be compared.
- The nursing process should be used as a framework for the care of patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
- Nonsurgical management, surgical management, and nursing care of patients with liver cancer and those undergoing liver transplantation must be specified.
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