Hematopoietic Medications and Iron Deficiency Anemia
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of chronic anemia?

  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Folate deficiency
  • Iron deficiency (correct)
  • Copper deficiency

    • Which of the following hematopoietic growth factors stimulates the production of granulocytes?

  • Cyanocobalamin
  • Filgrastim (correct)
  • Thrombopoietin
  • Erythropoietin

    • What is the primary action of iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia?

  • Synthesis of tetrahydrofolate
  • Stimulation of erythropoietin production
  • Increased hemoglobin production (correct)
  • Increased absorption of folic acid

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of anemia?

    <p>Pancytopenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Vitamin B12 in the synthesis of succinyl CoA?

    <p>Donation of a methyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of Deferoxamine?

    <p>Iron toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of iron transport into blood?

    <p>The amount of iron stored in the intestinal mucosal cells and the body's iron requirement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the transferrin-iron complex enter maturing erythroid cells?

    <p>By a receptor-mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ferritin in iron storage?

    <p>To store iron in the intestinal mucosal cells and other cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of iron elimination from the body?

    <p>Through exfoliation of intestinal mucosal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of oral iron administration?

    <p>Nausea and epigastric discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of chronic anemia?

    <p>Pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rare but potential adverse effect of parenteral iron administration?

    <p>Anaphylactoid reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of hepcidin in the body?

    <p>To regulate iron absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increased erythropoiesis on hepcidin production?

    <p>It decreases hepcidin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of HIF-2α in the adaptation to anemia?

    <p>It increases the expression of DMT1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is free inorganic iron toxic to the body?

    <p>It is highly reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are dietary requirements for iron relatively low?

    <p>Iron is readily available in a wide variety of foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of deep vein thrombosis in peri-surgery patients without prophylactic anticoagulation?

    <p>Increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Filgrastim?

    <p>To stimulate proliferation of neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Sargramostim on hematopoietic stem cells?

    <p>Increased blood concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a multilineage growth factor?

    <p>Sargramostim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Filgrastim on phagocytic activity of neutrophils?

    <p>Activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia?

    <p>To replenish tissue iron stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of acute iron toxicity?

    <p>Necrotizing gastroenteritis, shock, and coma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for iron supplementation?

    <p>Anemias not caused by iron deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapy of choice for chronic iron toxicity?

    <p>Intermittent phlebotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ferrous iron preferred in oral iron therapy?

    <p>It is more easily absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precaution associated with iron supplements in Parkinson disease?

    <p>It can increase the rate of disease progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of transferrin in iron transport?

    <p>Binding of iron in plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is iron stored in the liver?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the daily amount of iron lost through elimination?

    <p>1 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of transferrin-iron complex entry into maturing erythroid cells?

    <p>Receptor mediated endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high iron stores on iron transport into blood?

    <p>Iron transport is decreased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of serum ferritin levels?

    <p>It indicates total body iron stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for chronic iron toxicity?

    <p>Intermittent phlebotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why ferrous iron is preferred in oral iron therapy?

    <p>It is more easily absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of severe acute iron toxicity?

    <p>Death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precaution associated with iron supplements in patients with Parkinson disease?

    <p>They may increase the rate of disease progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia?

    <p>To replenish tissue iron stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>Iron deficiency anemia in patients with malabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patient groups may benefit from parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>Patients with extensive chronic anemia who can't be maintained with oral iron alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>Nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>It produces serious dose-dependent toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications may be used to prevent a flare of arthritis during IV iron infusion?

    <p>Glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>It bypasses regulatory mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for parenteral iron therapy?

    <p>Patients with a history of anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Filgrastim on hematopoietic stem cells?

    <p>Increased concentration in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between Filgrastim and Sargramostim?

    <p>Filgrastim is a lineage specific growth factor, Sargramostim is a multilineage growth factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of deep vein thrombosis in peri-surgery patients without prophylactic anticoagulation?

    <p>Increased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Sargramostim on T cells?

    <p>Stimulation of T cell proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of growth factor is Filgrastim?

    <p>Lineage specific growth factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction needed for purine and DNA synthesis?

    <p>Thymidylate synthetase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dihydrofolate reductase in the body?

    <p>To regenerate THF from dihydrofolate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid in normal individuals?

    <p>50-200 mcg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of giving folic acid supplements alone in patients with pernicious anemia without knowing whether they also have vitamin B12 deficiency?

    <p>Masking of vitamin B12 deficiency signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of folic acid in pregnant women?

    <p>To decrease the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary storage site of folic acid in the body?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

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