Hematopoietic Medications and Iron Deficiency Anemia
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of chronic anemia?

  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Folate deficiency
  • Iron deficiency (correct)
  • Copper deficiency

Which of the following hematopoietic growth factors stimulates the production of granulocytes?

  • Cyanocobalamin
  • Filgrastim (correct)
  • Thrombopoietin
  • Erythropoietin

What is the primary action of iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia?

  • Synthesis of tetrahydrofolate
  • Stimulation of erythropoietin production
  • Increased hemoglobin production (correct)
  • Increased absorption of folic acid

Which of the following is NOT a type of anemia?

<p>Pancytopenic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of Vitamin B12 in the synthesis of succinyl CoA?

<p>Donation of a methyl group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of Deferoxamine?

<p>Iron toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the rate of iron transport into blood?

<p>The amount of iron stored in the intestinal mucosal cells and the body's iron requirement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the transferrin-iron complex enter maturing erythroid cells?

<p>By a receptor-mediated endocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ferritin in iron storage?

<p>To store iron in the intestinal mucosal cells and other cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of iron elimination from the body?

<p>Through exfoliation of intestinal mucosal cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of oral iron administration?

<p>Nausea and epigastric discomfort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of chronic anemia?

<p>Pallor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare but potential adverse effect of parenteral iron administration?

<p>Anaphylactoid reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of hepcidin in the body?

<p>To regulate iron absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased erythropoiesis on hepcidin production?

<p>It decreases hepcidin production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HIF-2α in the adaptation to anemia?

<p>It increases the expression of DMT1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is free inorganic iron toxic to the body?

<p>It is highly reactive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are dietary requirements for iron relatively low?

<p>Iron is readily available in a wide variety of foods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of deep vein thrombosis in peri-surgery patients without prophylactic anticoagulation?

<p>Increased (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Filgrastim?

<p>To stimulate proliferation of neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Sargramostim on hematopoietic stem cells?

<p>Increased blood concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a multilineage growth factor?

<p>Sargramostim (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Filgrastim on phagocytic activity of neutrophils?

<p>Activation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia?

<p>To replenish tissue iron stores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of acute iron toxicity?

<p>Necrotizing gastroenteritis, shock, and coma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for iron supplementation?

<p>Anemias not caused by iron deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapy of choice for chronic iron toxicity?

<p>Intermittent phlebotomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is ferrous iron preferred in oral iron therapy?

<p>It is more easily absorbed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precaution associated with iron supplements in Parkinson disease?

<p>It can increase the rate of disease progression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of transferrin in iron transport?

<p>Binding of iron in plasma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is iron stored in the liver?

<p>Macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the daily amount of iron lost through elimination?

<p>1 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of transferrin-iron complex entry into maturing erythroid cells?

<p>Receptor mediated endocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high iron stores on iron transport into blood?

<p>Iron transport is decreased (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of serum ferritin levels?

<p>It indicates total body iron stores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for chronic iron toxicity?

<p>Intermittent phlebotomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why ferrous iron is preferred in oral iron therapy?

<p>It is more easily absorbed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of severe acute iron toxicity?

<p>Death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precaution associated with iron supplements in patients with Parkinson disease?

<p>They may increase the rate of disease progression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia?

<p>To replenish tissue iron stores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of parenteral iron therapy?

<p>Iron deficiency anemia in patients with malabsorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patient groups may benefit from parenteral iron therapy?

<p>Patients with extensive chronic anemia who can't be maintained with oral iron alone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of parenteral iron therapy?

<p>Nausea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of parenteral iron therapy?

<p>It produces serious dose-dependent toxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications may be used to prevent a flare of arthritis during IV iron infusion?

<p>Glucocorticoids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of parenteral iron therapy?

<p>It bypasses regulatory mechanisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for parenteral iron therapy?

<p>Patients with a history of anaphylaxis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Filgrastim on hematopoietic stem cells?

<p>Increased concentration in blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Filgrastim and Sargramostim?

<p>Filgrastim is a lineage specific growth factor, Sargramostim is a multilineage growth factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of deep vein thrombosis in peri-surgery patients without prophylactic anticoagulation?

<p>Increased (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Sargramostim on T cells?

<p>Stimulation of T cell proliferation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of growth factor is Filgrastim?

<p>Lineage specific growth factor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction needed for purine and DNA synthesis?

<p>Thymidylate synthetase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dihydrofolate reductase in the body?

<p>To regenerate THF from dihydrofolate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid in normal individuals?

<p>50-200 mcg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of giving folic acid supplements alone in patients with pernicious anemia without knowing whether they also have vitamin B12 deficiency?

<p>Masking of vitamin B12 deficiency signs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic use of folic acid in pregnant women?

<p>To decrease the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary storage site of folic acid in the body?

<p>Liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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