Drug-Induced Hematologic Disorders Quiz

Anemia caused by drugs that damage red blood cell production, leading to premature destruction of red blood cells.

A type of anemia where the bone marrow produces abnormally large red blood cells (megaloblasts) due to deficiency in vitamin B12 or folate.

A condition where an infection can cause a decrease in the number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), leading to a suppressed immune system.

A mechanism of drug-induced agranulocytosis where the drug directly harms the bone marrow, specifically targeting neutrophils.

Drugs like chlorpromazine, procainamide, dapsone, sulfonamides, carbamazepine, phenytoin, indomethacin, & diclofenac can lead to agranulocytosis by directly damaging neutrophils.

A drug or its metabolite binds to the surface of neutrophils or their precursors, triggering the production of antibodies that destroy these cells.

Antibodies form complexes with the drug, which then attach to target cells, leading to their destruction.

The drug stimulates the production of autoantibodies that attack neutrophils, leading to their destruction.

A platelet count below 100 × 109/L or a greater than 50% reduction from baseline values.

The drug binds to platelet glycoproteins, triggering the production of antibodies that destroy these platelets.

Direct toxicity from a drug to bone marrow cells, leading to reduced platelet production.

A type of anemia caused by drugs that damage the bone marrow, leading to a decrease in the production of all types of blood cells.

Drugs that can cause Aplastic Anemia, including antineoplastic agents, carbamazepine, captopril, chloramphenicol, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, dapsone, furosemide, gold salts, lisinopril, lithium, penicillamine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, propylthiouracil, sulfonamides, and pentoxifylline.

A type of anemia characterized by the premature destruction of red blood cells (RBCs), often caused by drugs.

Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia occurs when antibodies (proteins that target foreign substances) mistakenly attack red blood cells, leading to their destruction.

Antibodies that cause Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia even when the drug is not present in the body.

Antibodies that can bind to red blood cells only in the presence of a specific drug.

A type of drug-induced hemolytic anemia caused by drugs that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage to red blood cells.

An enzyme deficiency that increases the risk of drug-induced oxidative hemolytic anemia. It leads to a buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage red blood cells.

Drug-induced hematologic disorders (DIHDs) are a group of conditions caused by medications that affect the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. These disorders can involve red blood cells (anemia), white blood cells (agranulocytosis), and platelets (thrombocytopenia).

Aplastic anemia is a serious condition where the bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells, leading to a deficiency in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Megaloblastic anemia is a type of anemia where the red blood cells are larger than normal due to problems with DNA synthesis, often caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.

Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are prematurely destroyed, leading to a shortage of red blood cells. It can be caused by factors like autoimmune disorders, drug reactions, or genetic disorders.

Agranulocytosis is a condition characterized by a severe decrease in white blood cells, particularly neutrophils, making the body more susceptible to infections.

Thrombocytopenia is a condition where the platelet count in the blood is low, increasing the risk of bleeding.

Drug-induced aplastic anemia is a rare but serious condition caused by medications that damage the bone marrow, leading to a shortage of all types of blood cells.

Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that can cause both dose-dependent and idiosyncratic aplastic anemia. Dose-dependent suppression is reversible and occurs when high doses of the drug are used. Idiosyncratic aplastic anemia is rare and can occur even at low doses, leading to long-lasting bone marrow damage.