Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Dysfunction Mechanisms Quiz

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Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic right ventricular failure?

Left ventricular failure (correct)

Primary pulmonary hypertension

Congenital heart defects

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in the liver of a patient with chronic right ventricular failure?

Fatty change in the peripheral regions

Centrilobular necrosis (correct)

Nodular regeneration

Prominence of the central veins

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of chronic right ventricular failure on the kidneys?

Decreased juxtaglomerular activity

Increased sodium and water retention (correct)

Decreased glomerular filtration rate

Renal tubular hypertrophy

What type of cardiac dysfunction is most likely to lead to the development of chronic passive venous congestion in the liver?

Tricuspid regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most likely cause of cardiac sclerosis or cardiac cirrhosis in a patient with chronic right ventricular failure?

Chronic sinusoidal congestion and hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most significant factor contributing to the development of edema in a patient with chronic right ventricular failure?

Increased renal tubular reabsorption of sodium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with forward failure of the left heart?

Oliguria Signup and view all the answers

In the context of backward failure of the right heart, which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur?

Hepatomegaly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause high-output heart failure?

Hyperthyroidism Signup and view all the answers

In the context of systolic failure, which side of the heart is typically affected?

Left side Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with backward failure of the left heart?

Pulmonary edema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause an obstruction to blood flow, leading to heart failure?

Aortic stenosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of regurgitant flow leading to heart failure?

Aortic regurgitation causing backflow into the left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disorder of cardiac conduction that can lead to heart failure?

Atrial fibrillation causing uncoordinated atrial contractions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a disruption of the continuity of the circulatory system that can cause heart failure?

Gunshot wound through the thoracic aorta causing external blood loss Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism activated in heart failure to increase cardiac output?

Release of atrial natriuretic peptide Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a failure of the pump mechanism leading to heart failure?

Dilated cardiomyopathy causing impaired myocardial contractility Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism that increases cardiac output in heart failure by utilizing the Frank-Starling mechanism?

Increased end-diastolic pressure leading to increased stretch and force of contraction Signup and view all the answers