Heart Embryology: Fetal Circulation and Atrial Septum Development
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of atrial septal defect (ASD)?

  • Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
  • Ostium secundum defects (correct)
  • Ventricular septal defect
  • Valve defects

    • What leads to the closure of the ductus arteriosus postnatally?

  • Release of Bradykinin (correct)
  • Expansion of ventricles
  • Muscle relaxation
  • Underdevelopment of septum secundum

    • What is the main cause of ostium secundum defects in the atrial septum?

  • Ventricular septal defect
  • Overdevelopment of septum secundum
  • Closure of ductus arteriosus
  • Excessive resorption of septum primum (correct)

    • During the development of the atrial septum, which structure allows blood to bypass the foetal lungs?

    <p>Ductus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the septum primum during the development of the atrial septum?

    <p>Sickle shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the right atrium during the development of the atrial septum?

    <p>Enlarges in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a failure to close the ostium primum above the AV valves?

    <p>Left-to-right shunting of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the closure of the atrial septum post-natally?

    <p>Lungs inflate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which defect is associated with exercise intolerance in older children and adults?

    <p>Ostium primum defect</p> Signup and view all the answers

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