Healthy People 2030 and Definition of Health
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of internal variables that influence an individual's health?

  • Family role and practices (correct)
  • Developmental stage
  • Intellectual background
  • Spiritual factors

What is the primary focus of secondary prevention?

  • Preventing the spread of disease once it occurs (correct)
  • Reducing the incidence of disease
  • Rehabilitating individuals with a defect or disability
  • Promoting healthy behaviors

What type of risk factor cannot be changed?

  • Modifiable risk factor
  • Health behavior risk factor
  • Environmental risk factor
  • Nonmodifiable risk factor (correct)

What is the goal of tertiary prevention?

<p>Rehabilitating individuals with a defect or disability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a health risk appraisal form?

<p>To identify risk factors for disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Transtheoretical Model of Change used for?

<p>Understanding the stages of change in individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Healthy People 2030?

<p>To promote a society in which all people live long, healthy lives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?

<p>A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of models of health and illness?

<p>To explain complex concepts or ideas, such as health and illness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model considers emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness?

<p>Holistic Health Model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can influence health positively or negatively?

<p>Health beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to understand the interrelationships of human needs?

<p>Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of illness is characterized by a short duration and severe symptoms?

<p>Acute illness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is impacted by illness, according to the content?

<p>Physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in illness behavior, according to the content?

<p>How people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an external variable influencing illness and illness behavior?

<p>Environmental factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is impacted by illness on the family, according to the content?

<p>Behavioral and emotional changes, impact on body image, impact on self-concept, impact on family roles, and impact on family dynamics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way to care for oneself, according to the content?

<p>Work excessive hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of illness lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning, according to the content?

<p>Chronic illness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an internal variable influencing illness and illness behavior, according to the content?

<p>Genetic predisposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Healthy People

  • Provides evidence-based, 10-year national objectives for promoting health and preventing disease
  • Healthy People 2030 aims to promote a society in which all people live long, healthy lives
  • Identifies leading health indicators, which are high-priority health issues in the United States

Definition of Health

  • A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947, 2018)
  • A state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle

Models of Health and Illness

  • Models help explain complex concepts or ideas, such as health and illness
  • Health beliefs are a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness
  • Health beliefs can influence health positively or negatively
  • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is used to understand the interrelationships of human needs
  • Holistic Health Model considers emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness

Variables Influencing Health

  • Internal variables: developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, emotional factors, spiritual factors
  • External variables: family role and practices, social determinants of health, culture

Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

  • Health promotion helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health
  • Health education helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks
  • Illness prevention protects people from actual or potential threats to health

Levels of Prevention

  • Primary prevention reduces the incidence of disease
  • Secondary prevention focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs
  • Tertiary prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible

Risk Factors

  • Any attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
  • Risk factors include nonmodifiable risk factors, modifiable risk factors, and environment

Risk Factor Identification and Changing Health Behaviors

  • Identify risk factors through assessment and health risk appraisal forms
  • Implement education and counseling, wellness strategies, and understand the stages of change using the Transtheoretical Model of Change

Illness

  • A state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
  • Acute illness has a short duration and is severe
  • Chronic illness lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning
  • Illness behavior involves how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms
  • Variables influencing illness and illness behavior include internal variables and external variables
  • Impact of illness on the patient and family includes behavioral and emotional changes, impact on body image, self-concept, family roles, and family dynamics

Caring for Yourself

  • Eat a nutritious diet
  • Get adequate sleep
  • Engage in exercise and relaxation activities
  • Establish a good work-family balance
  • Engage in regular nonwork activities

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Description

Learn about Healthy People 2030, a 10-year national objective for promoting health and preventing disease, and the World Health Organization's definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

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