Healthy Body Weight Quiz
60 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which B-vitamin coenzymes are required by enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions to release energy from macronutrients?

  • Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin (correct)
  • Iodide, Chromium, Manganese
  • Folate, B12, Choline
  • Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, B6

    • Which vitamin-like compound is associated with energy metabolism?

  • Folate
  • Pantothenic Acid
  • Choline (correct)
  • Biotin

    • Which trace minerals are associated with energy metabolism?

  • Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium
  • Sulphur, Selenium, Zinc
  • Iodide, Chromium, Manganese (correct)
  • Iron, Copper, Calcium

    • Which major mineral is associated with energy metabolism?

    <p>Sulphur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin is not associated with energy metabolism?

    <p>$Vitamin$ $B12$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin is associated with release of energy from macronutrients?

    <p>Pantothenic Acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of niacin for adult males?

    <p>16 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food source is a rich source of riboflavin?

    <p>Pork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most bioavailable form of folate?

    <p>Folic acid in supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of vitamin B12 is normally absorbed through unique absorption?

    <p>~30-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coenzyme form of vitamin B6 is needed in over 100 enzyme systems involving macronutrient metabolism?

    <p>$Pyridoxal Phosphate (PLP)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of TetraHydroFolate acid (THF)?

    <p>$Synthesis$ $of$ $DNA$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin aids in the release of energy from carbohydrate and from branched chain amino acids, as well as in the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitters?

    <p>Thiamin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin is needed to convert vitamin B6 to its active co-enzyme form and assists in the glutathione peroxidase antioxidant enzyme system?

    <p>Riboflavin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin deficiency disease is relatively rare and may lead to symptoms such as stomatitis, cheilosis, glossitis, and dermatitis?

    <p>Riboflavin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin deficiency disease can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, inflammation of mouth, tongue and intestine, and ultimately the '4 D's': dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death?

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin has no known toxicity cases with taking supplements?

    <p>Thiamin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin can have a drug-like effect on the nervous system causing dilation of blood capillaries in skin that results in the skin reddening (niacin flush)?

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food source is the most susceptible to losses of vitamin B6 during food preparation?

    <p>Grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bioavailability comparison between folic acid in supplements and folate in foods?

    <p>Folic acid is ~1.7 times more bioavailable than folate in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common problem associated with the absorption process of vitamin B12?

    <p>Lack of intrinsic factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a nutrient-dense source of vitamin B12?

    <p>Clams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of products do not provide B12 in a bioavailable form?

    <p>Yeast and fermented soy products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do flours in Canada contain as of January 1997?

    <p>$150 µg folic acid/100 g flour$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vitamin B12 in relation to folate?

    <p>It activates the folate coenzyme inside cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of vitamin B6 deficiency in adults?

    <p>Macrocytic anemia and nerve function problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause vitamin B12 deficiency?

    <p>Lack of dietary intake, absorption problems, or pernicious anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential consequences of folate deficiency?

    <p>Macrocytic anemia, elevated homocysteine levels, and neural tube defects during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 needed for various cellular functions?

    <p>$Methylcobalamin$ and $adenosylcobalamin$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about vitamin B6 supplementation is true?

    <p>It should be supervised and is a questionable treatment for PMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin is crucial for energy release from macronutrients, synthesis of new compounds, and replicating DNA?

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population group is at risk of B-vitamin deficiency due to reduced intake, absorption, and metabolic use?

    <p>Alcoholics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin aids in energy release from carbohydrates and amino acids and is essential for DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitter synthesis?

    <p>Thiamin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are rich sources of B-vitamins found in grains?

    <p>Germ, bran, and husk layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to water-soluble B-vitamins after consumption?

    <p>They are excreted through urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do grain products contain to address nutrient deficiencies?

    <p>$\text{Thiamin}$, $\text{riboflavin}$, $\text{niacin}$, $\text{folate}$, and iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food source is the most susceptible to losses of vitamin B6 during food preparation?

    <p>Grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bioavailability comparison between folic acid in supplements and folate in foods?

    <p>Folic acid is ~1.7 times more bioavailable than folate in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of niacin for adult males?

    <p>$16$ mg NE/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin-like compound is associated with energy metabolism?

    <p>Pantothenic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common problem associated with the absorption process of vitamin B12?

    <p>$ ext{Inadequate production of intrinsic factor}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin deficiency disease can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, inflammation of mouth, tongue and intestine, and ultimately the '4 D's': dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death?

    <p>$ ext{Thiamine deficiency}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vitamin B6 coenzyme Pyridoxal Phosphate (PLP)?

    <p>Assists in over 100 enzyme systems involving macronutrient metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food source is a rich source of niacin?

    <p>Beef liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between folate found in foods and folic acid in supplements?

    <p>Folic acid is synthetic, while folate is naturally occurring in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of Vitamin B12?

    <p>Animal foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary food sources of thiamin?

    <p>Enriched grains and pork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of TetraHydroFolate acid (THF)?

    <p>Needed for energy generation and DNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of TetraHydroFolate acid (THF)?

    <p>Synthesis of DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin-like compound is associated with energy metabolism?

    <p>Niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of niacin for adult males?

    <p>$16 mg/day$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which B-vitamin deficiency disease can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, inflammation of mouth, tongue and intestine, and ultimately the '4 D's': dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death?

    <p>Vitamin B12 deficiency disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause vitamin B12 deficiency?

    <p>Inadequate absorption due to stomach or intestinal disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between folate found in foods and folic acid in supplements?

    <p>Folate is found naturally in foods while folic acid is the synthetic form used in supplements and fortified foods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency can lead to macrocytic anemia, elevated homocysteine levels, and neural tube defects during pregnancy?

    <p>Folate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rare deficiency disease that can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, inflammation of mouth, tongue and intestine, and ultimately the '4 D's': dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death?

    <p>Vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis, red blood cell synthesis, and preventing neural tube defects during early pregnancy?

    <p>Vitamin A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 needed for various cellular functions?

    <p>$CH_3$ and $C_2H_4OH$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rare but possible cause of folate toxicity?

    <p>Supplement use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rare but possible cause of vitamin B6 toxicity?

    <p>Supplement use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    B-Vitamins and Energy Metabolism

    • B-vitamins do not directly supply energy to cells but aid in releasing energy from macronutrients and maintaining healthy blood and nervous systems.
    • Compromised B-vitamin intake can decrease the energy required for normal cell function and physical activity.
    • Rich sources of B-vitamins are found in the germ, bran, and husk layers of grains, which are removed during milling.
    • Low dietary intake of one B-vitamin may indicate low intake of another due to their presence in the same foods.
    • To address nutrient deficiencies, grain products are enriched with thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, and iron.
    • After consumption, B-vitamins are released from their coenzyme forms and enter the body as free vitamins.
    • Water-soluble B-vitamins travel to cells from the liver and are not stored long-term in the body.
    • Alcoholics, the elderly, malnourished, and homeless individuals are at risk of B-vitamin deficiency due to reduced intake, absorption, and metabolic use.
    • Thiamin aids in energy release from carbohydrates and amino acids and is essential for DNA, RNA, and neurotransmitter synthesis.
    • Riboflavin assists in energy release from macronutrients, conversion of vitamin B6, and functions in the antioxidant enzyme system.
    • Niacin is crucial for energy release from macronutrients, synthesis of new compounds, and replicating DNA.
    • Deficiency diseases for thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin can lead to severe symptoms such as neural damage, skin inflammation, and even death.

    Vitamin B12, Folate, and Vitamin B6: Roles, Deficiencies, and Recommendations

    • Vitamin B12 is necessary for activating the folate coenzyme inside cells, reducing homocysteine levels, and maintaining myelin sheath integrity
    • Folate deficiency can lead to macrocytic anemia, elevated homocysteine levels, and neural tube defects during pregnancy
    • Vitamin B6 deficiency is rare in adults, except for alcoholics, and can lead to macrocytic anemia and nerve function problems
    • Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by lack of dietary intake, absorption problems, or pernicious anemia, leading to neurological damage and macrocytic anemia
    • Toxicity of vitamin B6 is rare, while folate toxicity is also rare and likely caused by supplement use
    • Recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 are provided for different population groups
    • Food sources of vitamin B6 include beef liver, turkey, pork, fish, legumes, whole grains, and green leafy vegetables
    • Methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin are coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 needed for various cellular functions
    • Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis, red blood cell synthesis, and preventing neural tube defects during early pregnancy
    • Vitamin B6 deficiency is rare in adults, except for alcoholics, and can lead to macrocytic anemia and nerve function problems
    • Pernicious anemia is caused by a defective gene that results in inadequate production of intrinsic factor and impaired B12 absorption
    • Vitamin B12 supplementation is non-toxic, while vitamin B6 supplementation should be supervised and is a questionable treatment for PMS

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    FNH 250 Nutrition Concepts & Controversies Energy Metabolism PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge about what constitutes a healthy body weight, including factors such as risk for morbidity, sustainability, and family history. Explore terms like underweight and its implications for health.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser