Healthcare and Rehabilitation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of acute care organizations?

Expansion of health care facilities

Quality safe care (correct)

Cost reduction in health services

Minimizing patient wait times

Which instruction is critical for patients before leaving a health care facility?

Safe and effective use of medications (correct)

Arranging for follow-up appointments

Understanding hospital billing procedures

How to select a primary care provider

What technology is commonly found in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU)?

Laboratory testing equipment

Ultrasound machines

Radiology imaging devices

Computerized cardiac monitors (correct)

Patients in psychiatric facilities typically require treatment for which of the following?

Behavioral and emotional problems Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of care provided in critical care units?

Monitoring and intensive care Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of home health care services?

Deliver health maintenance and treatment to patients in their homes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of rehabilitation services?

Palliative care Signup and view all the answers

What roles do nurses fulfill in a healthcare team?

Coordination of care and fulfilling various roles Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rehabilitation program specifically addresses cardiovascular issues?

Cardiovascular rehabilitation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities do home nursing care typically include?

Monitoring vital signs and administering medications Signup and view all the answers

How do rehabilitation services initially focus in cases of illness or injury?

Prevention of complications related to the illness Signup and view all the answers

Which factors influence the roles of nurses in healthcare?

Changes in the healthcare environment Signup and view all the answers

Long-term rehabilitation is often necessary for patients with which conditions?

Severe disabilities from strokes or spinal cord injuries Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has a significant impact on the functioning of the health care system by affecting individual access to services?

Poverty and transportation availability Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of diagnostic and medical procedures performed in many countries are estimated to be unnecessary?

30% to 40% Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of hospitals downsizing registered nurses?

Risk of endangering quality of care Signup and view all the answers

Which essential competency is NOT identified by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) for health care professionals?

Conduct clinical research Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant issue in health care delivery highlighted by the data regarding nursing in Turkey?

Nursing shortage expected to worsen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor that influences the delivery of health care by directly impacting the overall cost?

Government spending on health care Signup and view all the answers

How many nurses were reported to be working in Turkey as per the Health Minister data?

200,000 nurses Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not considered a major factor in the delivery of health care?

Social media influence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of community-based health care?

Health promotion and disease prevention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes vulnerable populations?

Groups with limited access to health care due to various risks Signup and view all the answers

In community health nursing, what is the primary role of nurses?

To assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate public health services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community-based nursing?

Primarily focusing on patients with chronic conditions only Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of community health contributes to a healthy community?

Increased productivity and quality of life Signup and view all the answers

How can globalization impact the health care landscape?

It improves access to health care while increasing disease transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which group is likely to be considered a vulnerable population?

Individuals with multiple chronic illnesses Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of community health nursing?

To preserve and promote health in the community Signup and view all the answers

Which health issue is commonly found in immigrant populations?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary risk associated with living in poverty?

Living in hazardous environments Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for abusive relationships?

Strong social support network Signup and view all the answers

Substance abuse includes the use of which of the following?

Illegal drugs, alcohol, and prescribed medications Signup and view all the answers

Patients with severe mental illnesses often experience which of the following?

Homelessness or poverty Signup and view all the answers

Which population is particularly vulnerable due to coping with multiple stressors?

People living in poverty Signup and view all the answers

What often contributes to chronic health problems worsening in homeless patients?

Poor nutrition and inability to store food Signup and view all the answers

Patients who engage in nontraditional healing practices are most often from which group?

Immigrant populations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a counselor in community-based nursing?

Help patients identify and clarify health problems Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of community assessment?

Individual patient treatment plans Signup and view all the answers

An epidemiologist's work involves all the following EXCEPT:

Patient surgical procedures Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies a potential underlying issue in a patient's health problem?

Patient reports difficulty following a diet due to financial constraints Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of a community as described in community assessment?

Structures, people, and social systems Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health Care Delivery System

A mechanism providing services to meet the health needs of individuals.
Health care providers are continually seeking cost-effective ways to deliver services to consumers.
Consumers increasingly demand greater accessibility and affordability of quality health care services.
Nursing is a crucial component of global health care delivery.

Types of Health Care Services

Health care services are categorized into primary, secondary, and tertiary levels.

Primary: Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Main aims are wellness promotion and illness/disability prevention.
Directed at individuals, families, and communities.

Secondary: Diagnosis and Treatment

Mostly occurs in acute treatment centers (hospitals).
Growing trend of providing diagnostic and therapeutic services in more accessible locations.

Tertiary: Rehabilitation

Focus is restoring individuals to their pre-illness state.
Rehabilitation goals include helping clients reach optimal self-care levels.
Restorative care involves holistic support—physical, psychological, social, and spiritual.

Types of Health Care Services (Detailed)

Type of Care	Description	Examples
Primary	Decreasing the risk of disease or dysfunction for an individual or community.	Teaching lifestyle modifications, referrals, immunizations, safe environment promotion.
Secondary	Early intervention and alleviation of disease/disability.	Screenings/diagnosis, acute care, surgery.
Tertiary	Minimizing effects of chronic conditions and permanent disabilities.	Provision of direct care, environmental modifications, restorative and rehabilitative activities, and retraining.

Secondary and Tertiary Care Centers

Hospitals: Emergency departments, urgent care, inpatient/outpatient medical-surgical units provide secondary and tertiary care.
Quality patient safety is prioritized by most acute care organizations.
Patients receive instructions (safe medication use, food-drug interactions, and rehabilitation techniques) before leaving the facility.
Intensive Care Units (ICUs): Hospital units employing close monitoring and intensive medical support for patients. Including advanced technologies like cardiac monitors and ventilators.
Psychiatric Facilities/Mental Health Hospitals: Provide counseling, treatment, and care for individuals with emotional and behavioral problems (depression, violence, eating disorders). Often found in hospitals, private clinics, and independent mental health hospitals.
Home Health Care: Services provided in patients' homes for ongoing health maintenance, disease management (diagnosis, treatment, prevention, rehabilitation, palliation), and supportive care. Includes monitoring, assessments, nutritional support, medications, IV/blood therapy, and wound/respiratory care.
Rehabilitation: Restoring individuals to their fullest possible health, including physical, mental, social, and vocational potential in diverse settings (e.g., specialized centers, hospitals, outpatient clinics). Includes rehabilitation therapies and supporting life-style modifications.

Health Care Team

Health care services are provided by multidisciplinary teams.
Nurses work with other professionals regularly.
Nurses coordinate the care of each patient, meeting diverse needs.
Roles are influenced by healthcare environment changes.
Nurses function in dependent, independent, and interdependent roles.

Roles within a Health Care Team

See detailed notes in page 18.

Factors Influencing Health Care Delivery

Cost: The health care system's existence depends on fiscal resources. Government spending on per person health care is crucial.
Access: Access to care is significantly impacted by poverty. Limited transportation, lack of funds for public transit, and the difficulty reaching care centers are factors.
Quality: Unnecessary diagnostic and medical procedures (estimated 30-40%) impact health care quality. Decreased registered nurse and staff numbers risk patient safety and compromising healthcare quality.

Issues in Health Care Delivery

Nursing Shortage: Turkey's substantial number of nurses is not enough. This may increase during the aging population.
Competency (Critical): Health care professionals need advanced skills and competencies for 21st-century healthcare (interdisciplinary teams, patient-centered care, using evidence-based practice, technology, and quality improvement).
Evidence-based Practice: Nurses need to be knowledgeable of new information, trends, technology, research studies and socio-economic factors to maintain high quality patient care.
Quality and Safety: Nurses play an important role in ensuring quality healthcare and safety (hand hygiene, teamwork, disease prevention, and medication reconciliation, etc.).
Magnet Recognition Program: Organizations achieving excellence in nursing practices through quality patient care and innovative practices receive the Magnet designation.
Nursing Informatics and Technological Advancements: Nurses use information systems/technology to manage knowledge, communicate, lessen errors, and improve decision-making using Artificial Intelligence.
Globalization of Health Care: Advances in communications (internet technology) allows for worldwide participation in health care discussions. However, Globalization also increases healthcare risks for communicable and non-communicable diseases (e.g., Covid-19, tuberculosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome).

Community-Based Nursing Practice

Collaborative evidence-based model meeting community health care needs.
Focuses on health promotion, disease prevention, and restorative care.
Community health professionals play an important role in assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating public/community health services.
Community-based care occurs outside traditional settings like hospitals and serves individuals/families with acute/chronic healthcare needs.

Vulnerable Populations

Vulnerable populations include those who face higher health risks due to limited access to care.
- Immigrants: Higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, infectious diseases, shorter life expectancy due to lack of healthcare access and culturally different healing practices.
- Poverty/Homeless: Hazardous living conditions, exposure to job risks and poor nutrition resulting on chronic health problems and lack of healthcare access for shelter.
- Abused Victims: Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse and neglect impacting older adults, women, and children due to dysfunctional family dynamics, mental health issues, substance abuse.
- Substance Abuse Patients: Drug and alcohol abuse impacting health and socioeconomics.
- Mental Illnesses: Severe mental illnesses (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) lead to increased health and socioeconomics problems.
- Older Adults: Chronic diseases and the need for more health care services due to the aging population's increase.

Competency in Community-Based Nursing

Caregiver: Holistic individualized patient care using the nursing process in a critical thinking approach.
Case Manager: Creating a comprehensive care plan for patients and their families considering needed resources across the care continuum and anticipating possible obstacles.
Change Agent: Identifying and addressing problems in community-based care (e.g., lack of child care services, community violence). Empowering individuals and communities.
Patient Advocate: Helping patients navigate the healthcare system, identify healthcare services/individuals, and ensuring appropriate service access.
Collaborator: Working in conjunction with other healthcare professionals (e.g., social workers, hospices) to provide holistic care.
Counselor: Supporting patients/families in identifying & clarifying health problems and determining appropriate solutions.
Epidemiologist: Identifying patterns, causes, and effects of health conditions especially for hospitalized/community healthcare.
- including COVID-19 related health effects (mortality, adolescent pregnancy, infectious disease, communicable diseases)
Community Assessment: Conducting systematic evaluations to understand the community's health, structure, population, and social systems, and making data accessible to community health care stakeholders.

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Description

Test your knowledge on acute care organizations, the critical instructions for patients before discharge, and the technology used in Intensive Care Units. This quiz also covers the roles nurses play in healthcare teams and the focus of rehabilitation services.