Health Test #2 Review
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Questions and Answers

What does structural functionalism suggest about social inequality?

  • It is a necessary evil that must be eliminated.
  • It results from the exploitation of lower classes.
  • It plays a critical role in ensuring efficient social processes. (correct)
  • It does not influence sport participation rates.
  • Which type of sports participation is more likely for children from low-income households?

  • Sports that require memberships to private clubs.
  • Physical contact sports and publicly funded sports. (correct)
  • High-endurance team sports requiring expensive gear.
  • Individual sports like golf and tennis.
  • What type of social mobility refers to a change in social status within an individual's lifetime?

  • Structural mobility.
  • Career mobility.
  • Intergenerational mobility.
  • Intragenerational mobility. (correct)
  • Which factor is commonly attributed to college athletes achieving higher occupational prestige than their parents?

    <p>Participation in sports creating networking opportunities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the relationship between sports and college education?

    <p>All athletes receive a free college education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the social model of disability?

    <p>Understanding societal barriers that exclude individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term signifies the concept of fairness in resource distribution and opportunities?

    <p>Equity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'pseudosports' refer to in the context of spectatorship?

    <p>Entertainment forms emphasizing drama and wrestling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT a determinant of sport participation rates?

    <p>Availability of leisure time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary factor contributing to the concept of disability?

    <p>Environmental and social structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of universal design aim to achieve in society?

    <p>Ensuring equal access by removing systemic barriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does age affect well-being in infants?

    <p>Infants have a higher risk of maternal health issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between marital status and health outcomes?

    <p>Marriage tends to improve health and longevity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the 'healthy immigrant effect'?

    <p>Immigrants in Canada are usually in better health upon arrival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do elderly individuals experience higher hospitalization rates?

    <p>They require more medical attention and medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes significantly to health disparities among racial groups?

    <p>Socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue faced by immigrants regarding healthcare?

    <p>Less access to screenings for early cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health behavior is more prevalent among men compared to women?

    <p>Increased smoking rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the situation where individuals do not receive enough resources to maintain their physical health over time?

    <p>Absolute poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the low income cut off (LICO) measure in Canada?

    <p>Income level based on essential spending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of poverty?

    <p>Meritocracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept refers to the engagement in leisure activities that suggest wealth and status?

    <p>Conspicuous leisure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that upper-class individuals can genuinely engage in leisure due to their economic status?

    <p>Theory of the leisure class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are spheres of wellness associated with the impacts of poverty on leisure and well-being?

    <p>Seven</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the deliberate consumption of goods as a means to attract attention?

    <p>Conspicuous consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the effect of sport on social stratification?

    <p>A factor that reinforces existing inequalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does relative poverty differ from absolute poverty?

    <p>It is based on social context and varies over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best encapsulates the theory that individuals with talent can achieve success regardless of social background?

    <p>Meritocracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major impact of capitalism on food consumption?

    <p>Fostering economic growth and wellbeing of citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is obesity commonly conceptualized in relation to individualism?

    <p>As a personal failure to attain healthy living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criticism of using BMI as a measure of fitness?

    <p>It does not account for body composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cosmetic fitness primarily motivated?

    <p>To beautify the body through exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of fitness and gender, how are fitness activities often classified?

    <p>As either masculine or feminine activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does advertising play in consumer culture related to obesity?

    <p>It creates a false narrative of needs and desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'bodily capital'?

    <p>The investment in physical appearance for personal gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the 'looking glass self' concept relate to body image?

    <p>It reflects how we believe others perceive us.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What social issue is often linked to low-income areas and obesity?

    <p>Availability of unhealthy food options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant psychological impact of body image concerns?

    <p>Body anxiety and fear of judgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of good-looking bodies among youth?

    <p>They correlate with self-worth and social inclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model describes how life events cumulatively affect men's health over time?

    <p>Cumulative effects model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the leading causes of death among men?

    <p>Heart disease, cancer, and stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does masculinity manifest during different life stages?

    <p>It evolves with age from sexual prowess to family provider roles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Movember initiative play in men's health?

    <p>It prioritizes the individuality of men's health experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is NOT mentioned as a contributor to men's health disparities?

    <p>Societal expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hegemonic masculinity' refer to?

    <p>Masculinity influenced by social and cultural contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of health promotion?

    <p>Enabling people to take control over their health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological effect can result from the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men?

    <p>Redefinition of masculine identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of capital includes social relationships and societal expectations?

    <p>Social capital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Health - Test #2 Review

    • Social Class: Represents important means of expressing distinctions within society. Weber grouped people based on their ability to access resources. Poverty is the lack of essential resources (material/services). Absolute poverty is a lack of adequate resources to maintain physical health, while relative poverty considers the context/standards of living in a specific time and place.
    • Low Income Cut Off (LICO): A measure of low income that factors in area-specific expenses, including food, shelter, and clothing.
    • Causes of Poverty: Factors include individual choices, familial history, and structural issues like lack of power or resources in society.
    • Poverty & Leisure: Poverty often leads to limited opportunities in leisure activities and can create social exclusion and marginalization. The theory of leisure class suggests that the upper class engages in leisure activities to demonstrate affluence.
    • Social Inequality: Members of a social group often have unequal amounts of wealth, power, and prestige.
    • Social Stratification: Societal attributes are hierarchically ranked. This can influence social processes and outcomes.
    • Social Mobility: Movements of individuals in a social class system, which can be intragenerational (within a lifetime) or intergenerational (between generations). Sport can act as a "mobility escalator," allowing individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds to achieve wealth and fame.
    • Social Inequality in Sport: Participation in sports is not equal across social classes. Higher income and education levels are often associated with higher rates of participation.
    • Social Model of Disability: Disability results when environments/structures do not support individuals with impairments.
    • Age & Well-being: Infants and elderly individuals may experience different health outcomes, with various factors potentially influencing them.
    • Gender & Health: Men and women have varying health risks, often based on stereotypes/social expectations regarding lifestyles and choices. Marital status and associated health are linked factors.
    • Immigration & Health: Immigrants, especially young and educated ones, may experience a "healthy immigrant effect" initially; however, health may decline over time due to various factors like screening limitations and lack of access or integration.
    • Sociological Perspective on Obesity: This suggests that increased obesity rates are linked to globalization, changing diets, and the influence of capitalism on food consumption.
    • Sociology of Fitness: The social perception of fitness often intersects with gender. The norms surrounding ideal body image/expectations and cosmetic fitness play significant roles, influenced by media and social pressures.
    • Men's Health: Hegemonic masculinity is a culturally specific concept, emphasizing that ideals of manhood often present barriers for men, affecting their health behaviors and access to healthcare.

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    Description

    This quiz reviews key concepts related to social class and poverty, including definitions and measures of poverty, factors contributing to social inequality, and the impact of poverty on leisure activities. It covers important theories and classifications that illustrate how these elements influence health and societal structures.

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