Health Risks and Prevention
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of risk reduction?

  • To eliminate all health risks
  • To react to actual or potential health threats (correct)
  • Tognore health risks
  • To accept health risks

    • What is a risk factor associated with?

  • A healthy lifestyle
  • A disease that is already present
  • An exposure that is associated with a disease (correct)
  • A disease that may occur in the future

    • What is risk in the context of health?

  • A guarantee that a disease will occur
  • A health threat that is unavoidable
  • The probability that a specific event will occur in a given time frame (correct)
  • A disease that has already occurred

    • What are the three criteria for establishing a risk factor?

    <p>The frequency of the disease varies by category, or amount of the factor; the risk factor must precede the onset of the disease; and the association concern must not be due to any source of error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is risk communication?

    <p>The process through which the public receives information regarding possible or actual threats to health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common sources of health risk information?

    <p>Health care professionals, internet, newspapers, periodicals, radio, and TV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the goals of community organizing?

    <p>To empower people and develop their capacity to maximize their control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of community organizing?

    <p>Collective involvement in decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of participatory action research?

    <p>Empathizing with the people or community being worked with</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of community organizing in terms of quality of life?

    <p>Securing short- and long-term improvements in quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a community organizer?

    <p>Displays a charismatic personality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of organizational policies in community organizing?

    <p>To implement the vision, mission, and goals of the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of building relatively permanent structures in community organizing?

    <p>To establish and sustain relatively permanent organizational structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of community organizing in terms of resource utilization?

    <p>To utilize resources to achieve organizational goals and community needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the community organizer in the pre-entry phase?

    <p>To select the community for partnership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the community organizer clearly explain in all initial meetings and contacts with the community?

    <p>Their vision, mission, goals, programs, and activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for the community organizer to have a basic understanding of the target community?

    <p>To avoid raising unrealistic expectations in the community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the community organizer do to prepare for the initial visit?

    <p>Gather information on the community's socioeconomic conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the community organizer not being able to break down the barriers between themselves and the community?

    <p>They do not get the chance to better understand the villager's way of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the community organizer avoid doing in the entry phase?

    <p>Raising unrealistic expectations in the community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Boarder' style of community organizing?

    <p>The community organizer rents a room or a house in the village and lives their own life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of the community organizer's process?

    <p>To build up the confidence and capacities of the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the health risks associated with excessive alcohol drinking?

    <p>Increased risk of colon and rectal cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of viruses in the development of certain cancers?

    <p>They play an important role in the development of certain cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe viruses capable of causing cancer?

    <p>Oncoviruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the effects of UV radiation on the body?

    <p>It adversely affects the genes and cell enzymes, causing DNA damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the law that provides for the restructuring of the excise tax on alcohol and tobacco?

    <p>RA No. 10352</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the month declared as 'Sight Saving Month'?

    <p>August</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the causative agent of Dengue fever?

    <p>Single-stranded RNA virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mosquitoes is the principal vector of Dengue fever?

    <p>Aedes aegypti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period of Dengue fever?

    <p>3-14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the warning sign of Dengue fever that requires strict observation and medical intervention?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the laboratory indicator of Severe Dengue?

    <p>Increase in Hct with rapid decrease in Plt count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of Severe Dengue?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for Severe Organ Involvement in Dengue fever?

    <p>AST or ALT &gt;1,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mosquitoes is the secondary vector of Dengue fever?

    <p>Aedes albopictus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Risk and Health

    • Risk: the probability of a specific event occurring in a given time frame (Oclekno, 2002)
    • Risk Factor: an exposure associated with a disease (Friis, 2004)
    • 3 Criteria for Establishing a Risk Factor:
      • The frequency of the disease varies by category or amount of the factor
      • The risk factor must precede the onset of the disease
      • The association must not be due to any source of error

    Community Organizing

    • Phases of Community Organizing:
        1. Pre-entry: preparation and choosing the community for partnership
        1. Entry Phase: introduction to the community, clear explanation of vision, mission, goals, and programs
        1. Organizational Phase: building confidence and capacities of the people
    • Goals of Community Organizing:
        1. People's empowerment
        1. Building relatively permanent structures and people's organizations
        1. Improved quality of life

    Health Risks

    • Excessive Alcohol Drinking:
      • Causes malabsorption, inflammation of the GIT, liver problems, and cancer
    • Viruses and Cancer:
      • Oncoviruses: viruses capable of causing cancer
      • Examples: HPV (cervical and vulvar cancer), Epstein-Barr virus (nasopharyngeal and anal cancer), HTLV-1 (non-Hodgkin lymphoma), HBV & HCV (liver cancer)
    • Radiation:
      • 2 most common forms: UV and ionizing radiation (X-rays, gamma rays)
      • UV radiation affects genes and cell enzymes, causing DNA damage

    Control of Communicable Diseases

    • Dengue:
      • Causative Agent: Dengue Virus (single-stranded RNA virus of 4 types)
      • Vector: Infected female Aedes mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes polynesiensis, and Aedes scutellaris)
      • MOT: Transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito
      • Incubation Period: 3-14 days, commonly 5-7 days
      • Phases of Illness:
        • Warning Signs:
          1. Abdominal pain
          2. Persistent vomiting
          3. Clinical fluid accumulation
          4. Mucosal bleeding
          5. Lethargy, restlessness
          6. Liver enlargement >2cm
          7. Laboratory: increase in Hct with rapid decrease in Plt count
      • Severe Dengue:
        • Severe plasma leakage leading to shock (DSS), fluid accumulation with respiratory distress, and severe bleeding
        • Severe organ involvement: liver, CNS, etc.

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    Description

    This quiz covers health risks, immunization, and disease prevention. It also touches on cervical cancer screening, early detection, and risk reduction strategies.

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