Community Health Nursing Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of these is an example of tertiary prevention as defined in the text?

  • Vaccinating children against measles
  • Implementing a public awareness campaign about the dangers of smoking
  • Conducting blood pressure screenings at a health fair
  • Providing rehabilitation services for stroke survivors (correct)

    • When addressing health disparities, which ethical principle is primarily emphasized?

  • Distributive Justice (correct)
  • Autonomy
  • Beneficence
  • Non-maleficence

    • What is a key difference between the microscopic and macroscopic approach to community health?

  • The microscopic approach focuses on individual risk factors, while the macroscopic approach examines population-level trends. (correct)
  • The microscopic approach emphasizes behavioral change, while the macroscopic approach focuses on health education.
  • The microscopic approach focuses on disease treatment, while the macroscopic approach focuses on disease prevention.
  • The microscopic approach is used for primary prevention, while the macroscopic approach is used for secondary prevention.

    • Which of the following is NOT an example of upstream thinking in community health?

    <p>Providing free flu vaccines to low-income families. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health promotion theory emphasizes the individual's perception of threat, severity, and benefits of action?

    <p>Health Belief Model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage in the Transtheoretical Model of Change involves making significant changes to behavior?

    <p>Action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for chronic disease?

    <p>Diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals is credited with founding the Henry Street Settlement, providing social services and healthcare in Manhattan?

    <p>Lillian Wald (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key influence on community health, according to the text?

    <p>Personal health goals and aspirations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following exemplifies a food desert?

    <p>A rural area lacking access to fresh produce and grocery stores. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A community health nurse is conducting a needs assessment for a rural community with a high prevalence of obesity. Which method would be LEAST helpful in this situation?

    <p>U.S. Census Bureau data on population demographics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A health educator is teaching a group of adults about the importance of physical activity. Which of the following strategies would be LEAST effective in promoting long-term behavior change?

    <p>Providing extensive information on the latest research findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A public health campaign aims to reduce the incidence of alcohol-related accidents. Which of these is NOT a relevant target for this campaign?

    <p>Educating about the long-term health risks of alcohol use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is applying the ADPIE framework to improve sleep hygiene in a community. Which step would involve comparing the program's impact to similar interventions in other communities?

    <p>Evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A researcher is studying the spread of a new contagious disease. Which epidemiological concept refers to the number of new cases occurring within a specific timeframe?

    <p>Incidence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A community health nurse is working with a group of pregnant women. Which of these is NOT a key component of the nursing process in community health?

    <p>Conducting research to identify new health needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hospital administrator is reviewing the impact of the Hill-Burton Act. Which of the following is a direct consequence of this legislation?

    <p>Increased availability of healthcare services to underserved populations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A community health educator is developing a program to promote physical activity. Which of these is NOT a consideration for determining the appropriate intensity of aerobic exercise?

    <p>The individual's learning style (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A group of community residents is organizing a health fair. Which of the following would be MOST appropriate to include as a component of the epidemiological triangle for a health education booth on the importance of handwashing?

    <p>The knowledge of handwashing techniques (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is teaching a diabetic patient about managing their blood sugar. The patient demonstrates understanding by explaining the information back in their own words. This illustrates which teaching strategy?

    <p>Teach-back technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Standard Drink Equivalent

    Understanding typical alcohol content in beverages.

    Short-term Risks of Alcohol

    Risks such as accidents occurring soon after alcohol use.

    Long-term Risks of Alcohol

    Health issues like liver disease developing over time due to alcohol use.

    Epidemiological Triangle

    Model showing interaction between host, agent, and environment in disease spread.

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    Host (Epidemiology)

    The person or organism affected by a disease.

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    Agent (Epidemiology)

    The cause of a disease, such as bacteria or viruses.

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    Assessment (ADPIE)

    The first step in community health Nursing process; analyzing needs and data.

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    Health Literacy

    The ability of patients to understand and use health information.

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    Teach-back Technique

    A method ensuring patients understand by having them repeat information.

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    Aerobic Activity Recommendation

    150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity recommended weekly.

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    Community Health Nursing

    Focus on populations' health rather than individuals.

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    Health Behavior Choices

    Individual choices that influence community health.

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    Levels of Prevention

    Three stages: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary.

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    Modifiable Risk Factors

    Risk factors that can be changed (e.g., smoking).

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    Nonmodifiable Risk Factors

    Risk factors that cannot be changed (e.g., genetics).

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    Food Deserts

    Areas with limited access to nutritious food.

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    Upstream Thinking

    Focus on preventive measures for population health.

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    Health Disparities

    Differences in access to care and treatment outcomes.

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    Pender's Health Promotion Model

    Explains why individuals engage in health behaviors.

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    Stages of Change

    Phases individuals go through in changing behavior.

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    Study Notes

    Community Health Nursing

    • Primary Focus: Focus on populations, not individuals
    • Key Influences: Health behaviors of community members greatly impact community health.
    • Current Issues: Aging population and increasing chronic conditions.

    Levels of Prevention

    • Primary Prevention: Preventing illness onset (e.g., vaccination, health education)
    • Secondary Prevention: Early detection and treatment (e.g., screening programs)
    • Tertiary Prevention: Reducing impact of established disease (e.g., rehabilitation)

    Risk Factors

    • Modifiable: Can be changed (e.g., smoking, diet, exercise)
    • Nonmodifiable: Cannot be changed (e.g., age, genetics)

    Food Deserts

    • Areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food

    Approach Types

    • Microscopic: Focuses on individuals or families.
    • Macroscopic: Focuses on population, laws, and broader systemic changes (e.g., public health policies).

    Upstream Thinking

    • Focus on preventive measures to impact future population health.
    • Examples: Federal grants, taxing cigarettes, age limits on alcohol, surgeon general warnings on alcohol use during pregnancy.

    Health Disparities

    • Differences in access to care and treatment outcomes among populations.

    Ethical Principles

    • Distributive Justice: Fair distribution of healthcare resources

    Health Promotion Theories

    • Pender's Health Promotion Model: Explains why individuals engage in health behaviors, considering a multi-dimensional view of health.
    • Health Belief Model: Focuses on the perception of illness threat, seriousness, and benefits of action.
    • Transtheoretical Model of Change: Stages of Change (Precontemplation, Contemplation, etc.)

    Important Figures

    • Lillian Wald: Founder of Henry Street Settlement, providing social services and healthcare.
    • Florence Nightingale: Founder of modern nursing, improved public health through sanitation and patient care improvements.

    Alcohol Use

    • Standard Drink Equivalent: Understanding typical alcohol content in beverages.
    • Risks: Short term (e.g., accidents) vs. long term (e.g., liver disease).

    Sleep Hygiene

    • Promoting healthy sleep patterns to improve well-being

    Epidemiological Concepts

    • Epidemiological Triangle: Host, Agent, Environment
    • Prevalence: Total number of cases in a population at a given time.
    • Incidence: Number of new cases over a specific period.

    Nursing Process

    • ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation

    Community Assessment Tools

    • Windshield Survey: Observing a community to assess health needs
    • Vital Statistics: Records of births, deaths, marriages, etc.
    • U.S. Census Bureau: Collects demographic data every 10 years.

    Education

    • Health Literacy: Patient's ability to understand and use health info
    • Teaching to Adult Learners: Base content on their experiences and needs
    • Teach-back Technique: Ensuring understanding by having the patient repeat information in their own words
    • Learning Styles: Visual, auditory, kinesthetic

    Other Key Concepts

    • Participation: A key indicator of education's impact.
    • Assessment of Learning: Long-term changes in knowledge and behavior indicate success.
    • Key Legislation: Hill-Burton Act, increasing hospital beds.
    • Physical Activity Recommendations: 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week.
    • Attack Rate: Percentage of exposed individuals who become ill.
    • Mortality: Death rate.
    • Morbidity: Rate of disease or illness.

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    Related Documents

    Community Health Nursing Study Guide PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential concepts in Community Health Nursing, focusing on the importance of population health, prevention levels, and risk factors. It also highlights modern challenges such as food deserts and the impact of community behaviors on health outcomes. Test your knowledge on these vital public health aspects.

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