Health Impairments in Education

Physical/Sensory/Health Definitions

• IDEA uses "other health impaired (OHI)" for children with common physical conditions, including ADHD.
• Students with ADHD needing special education are covered under IDEA. If accommodations (e.g., extended time) are enough, Section 504 may apply instead.
• ADHD is the most common identified condition in the "other health impaired" category.

Causes

• Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI):
  • Common causes include falls, vehicle accidents, sports injuries, physical abuse, and blasts.

Methods

• Assessment and Inclusion: Use Individualized Assessments, functional evaluations, collaboration between educators, parents, and specialists. Consider both academic and functional needs.
• Acquiring Information for Students with Low Vision or Blindness: Utilize Braille, tactile graphics, audiobooks, screen readers, magnification tools.

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

• Related Services: Common services include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. These services address motor and communication needs.
• Determining Abilities in Non-Verbal Students: Use observation, alternative communication methods, and consultation with specialists to assess skills and abilities.
• Assistive Technology: Devices like communication boards, voice-output devices, adaptive keyboards, and wheelchairs are included.
• Including Non-Verbal Students in the Classroom: Use assistive communication devices, visual aids, and modify lesson plans to include nonverbal activities.

Alternative or Functional Curriculum

• Focuses on life skills, self-care, and vocational training instead of traditional subjects.

Strategies for Specific Conditions

• Post-Injury Sensitivity in Students with TBI:

  • Reduce exposure to bright lights and loud noises.
  • Allow for rest breaks and quiet areas.

• Universal Safety Procedures for HIV/AIDS: Follow procedures like wearing gloves when handling fluids, washing hands, proper disposal of sharp objects, and cleaning surfaces