Health Education and Client Care Week 9-12

Non-profit organizations providing healthcare to those who cannot afford it.

This act permitted municipalities to use tax funds for healthcare providers, paving the way for public funding of healthcare.

Established to oversee national health responsibilities, symbolizing the growing role of the government in health.

Programs introduced after World War II aimed at improving social well-being and addressing health determinants.

Tommy Douglas, Premier of Saskatchewan, spearheaded the creation of Canada's first government-funded health insurance program.

The expansion of Medicare from covering inpatient hospital care to also covering medical services outside hospitals.

A term used to describe social programs that prevent vulnerable individuals from falling below a certain level of poverty.

Programs that provide essential services like healthcare, income support, housing, and food security fall under the safety net.

A set of guiding principles for Canadian healthcare, including comprehensiveness, universality, portability, and accessibility.

Public healthcare should cover all medically necessary services, while private care is limited to non-essential procedures.

All Canadians should have equal access to public healthcare.

Public healthcare coverage remains consistent across provinces and is not affected by private options.

Private healthcare should not hinder access to, or quality of, public healthcare.

A healthcare system with both public and private options, raising concerns about equity.

Patients being treated in hospital hallways due to overcrowding and bed shortages.

Key challenges include economic constraints, aging population, staffing shortages, long wait times, hallway medicine, Indigenous health disparities, long-term care accessibility, and expanding service needs.

Deals with the relationship between individuals and the state. Includes areas like constitutional law, tax law, administrative law, human rights law, and criminal law.

Focuses on disputes between individuals, covering topics like contracts, marriage, divorce, and civil wrongs. Nurses fall under this category.

A civil wrong against a person or property, classified as intentional or unintentional. Examples include assault, battery, invasion of privacy, and negligence.

An unintentional tort where a nurse fails to provide proper care, resulting in harm to the patient. It involves four key criteria: duty of care, breach of duty, injury, and causation.

A nurse's responsibility to provide safe and competent care to a patient, based on their professional knowledge and skills.

The duty of healthcare providers to protect the privacy of patient information.

The patient's right to control access to their personal health information.

Nurses have a legal and ethical obligation to protect patient information, including maintaining accurate documentation, using secure communication methods, and following privacy policies.

A set of guiding principles that define how nurses should practice, focusing on patient well-being, respect, and justice.

Supporting patients in making informed decisions about their healthcare, ensuring they understand options and consequences.

Being reliable, dependable, and able to distinguish right from wrong, essential for ethical practice.

Taking ownership of one's actions and decisions, grounded in ethical principles of respect and patient autonomy.

Acting on behalf of patients, ensuring their rights are respected and their needs met.

The ability to make ethical choices and guide actions towards a desired ethical outcome.

Essential knowledge, skills, and judgment required for safe and ethical nursing practice, defining expectations for new nurses.

The boundaries within which a registered nurse can legally practice, defining what tasks and responsibilities are within their expertise.

Specific healthcare procedures only authorized professionals can perform in Ontario. Examples include inserting catheters, administering medications, and performing procedures below the skin or mucous membrane.

The law that governs healthcare professionals in Ontario. It sets standards for practice, investigates complaints, and disciplines professionals.

How nurses are granted authority to perform controlled acts. It can be through orders from a doctor, delegation from another healthcare professional, or by initiation (independent decision-making).

The right of patients to choose the healthcare professional they want to receive care from.

The ability of nurses to act ethically and make independent decisions based on their moral values.

A nurse who is clear about their purpose and actively defends their integrity against ethical challenges.

A law that emphasizes individual autonomy by requiring informed consent for medical treatment, care facilities, and personal assistance services.

A process where a patient receives sufficient information about a treatment to make an informed decision, including nature, benefits, risks, alternatives, and consequences of refusal.

A person who makes healthcare decisions for an individual who is incapable of doing so themselves, typically a spouse, partner, or relative.

Nurses must explain treatments clearly, ensure understanding before procedures, advocate for patient access to information, and understand that consent can be oral or implied.

In emergencies, medical care can be provided without explicit consent due to the urgency of the situation.

Decision-making for individuals with mental health issues, older adults, children, or adolescents requires careful consideration of their capacity and appropriate involvement of guardians or SDMs.

Galileo believed in guiding learners to discover knowledge on their own, encouraging independent exploration and critical thinking.

Franklin emphasized the importance of active involvement in the learning process, believing that hands-on experience leads to better retention.

The CNA Code of Ethics (2017) emphasizes the patient's right to make informed decisions about their healthcare.

Health teaching is a client-centered communication process focused on providing knowledge and skills to promote informed decision-making, quality of life, and disease prevention.

Nurses act as guides in health teaching by encouraging healthy behaviors and providing support to clients.

Client-centered education aims to engage patients actively in the learning process, respecting their values and preferences to achieve positive outcomes.

Nurses must provide accurate, complete, and relevant information that addresses clients' physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health needs.

Crises and life transitions can actually improve learning because they force individuals to adapt, learn new skills, and confront their limitations. These challenges can be catalysts for personal growth.

Several factors shape how individuals learn, including social support, health literacy, developmental stage, culture, self-awareness, and social determinants of health.

Cultural influences can impact what clients learn and how they learn. For example, health beliefs, communication styles, and values can influence their understanding and acceptance of health information.

Clients' cognitive, physical, and emotional readiness varies with their developmental stage. This influences their ability to understand and process health information.

The nursing process is a systematic approach to providing care, consisting of assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. It's a framework for delivering personalized and effective care.

Tanner's Clinical Judgement Model (2006) provides a framework for understanding the nursing process. It involves recognizing clues, analyzing and interpreting data, responding to needs, and continuously reflecting on and adapting care.

Assessment involves gathering data about the client's preferred learning style, learning readiness, ability to learn, and health literacy. This allows nurses to tailor their teaching to each client's unique needs and preferences.

Based on assessment data, nurses identify client needs in the three domains of learning (cognitive, affective, psychomotor), and create appropriate nursing diagnoses. This sets the foundation for developing individualized teaching plans.

Planning involves collaborating with the client and family to create a SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-Bound) teaching plan that addresses their needs. Family involvement is crucial.

The Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) aims to foster knowledge-based nursing practice, promote quality work environments and professional development, and advance health public policy to improve health.

Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) is an international community of nurses dedicated to the advancement of knowledge, teaching, learning, and service. They have over 100,000 active members and recruit students with strong academic performance.

The Code of Conduct outlines the responsibilities and accountabilities of registered nurses in Ontario, ensuring safe, compassionate, equitable, and discrimination-free nursing care.

The Code of Conduct centers clients in care, emphasizing diversity, equity, and inclusion. Nurses should guide their care delivery regardless of the setting or method (in-person, virtual, phone).

RNAO is the 'voice of nursing' in Ontario, representing registered nurses and providing them with resources, support, and advocacy.

Membership in RNAO offers benefits like liability insurance, access to professional development opportunities, and advocacy on issues affecting nurses and patients.

RNAO provides best practice guidelines, videos, and posters that inform nurses about current practices in various areas of nursing.

STTI's vision is to cultivate communities of practice, education, and research, ultimately advancing nursing knowledge and service.

By outlining the responsibilities and accountabilities of nurses, the Code ensures that the public receives safe and ethical care.

The Code of Conduct is a practice standard that guides nurses in Ontario in providing safe, compassionate, equitable, and discrimination-free care to all clients, regardless of the setting or method of delivery.

A situation where there are equally compelling reasons for and against two or more possible courses of action, and choosing one means relinquishing or letting go of another.

When you act against your better judgment due to internal or external constraints, putting aside your values and carrying out an action you believe is wrong.

Factors that contribute to ethical dilemmas in nursing include: increased scope of practice, attention to negligence, advanced technology, new policies, social media, staffing shortages, inadequate resources, and confidentiality concerns.

The ability to maintain or restore your integrity in response to ethical challenges, distress, or setbacks.

Nurses are more likely to thrive in workplaces that support ethical practice.

The Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA) aims to protect the public interest, promote open and accountable self-governance, modernize the healthcare system, provide consumer choice, and improve quality of care.

Examples include: Communicating a diagnosis, performing procedures on tissue below the dermis, setting fractures, administering substances by injection, putting instruments beyond the external ear canal, applying forms of energy, dispensing drugs, and managing labor.

It's how a nurse is granted authority to perform controlled acts. This could be through a doctor's orders, delegation from another healthcare professional, or through their own independent decision-making (initiation).

It means patients have the right to choose the healthcare professional they want to receive care from.

To ensure healthcare professions are regulated in the public interest, maintain practice standards, provide access to services, and ensure individuals are treated with sensitivity and respect.

The RHPA allows nurse practitioners, pharmacists, physiotherapists, and other professionals to deliver more services they are qualified to provide. It also changes rules on drug administration and X-ray ordering for certain professions.

It refers to a nurse's ability to make ethical choices and guide their actions towards a desired ethical outcome. It is a foundation of ethical nursing practice.

It emphasizes individual autonomy in healthcare by requiring informed consent for medical treatment, care facilities, and personal assistance services.

A process where a patient receives sufficient information about a treatment to make an informed decision, including nature, benefits, risks, alternatives, and consequences of refusal.