Health Disparities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

What is the main role of the immune system mentioned in the text?

Produce toxins
Protect the body against diseases (correct)
Promote cancer growth
Cause autoimmunity

How do genetics and the environment interact to predispose individuals to rheumatoid arthritis and lupus?

Environment has no role in disease predisposition
Genetics and environment can both contribute to disease predisposition (correct)
Genetics and environment do not interact in autoimmune diseases
Genetics have no impact on these diseases

Which factor is NOT mentioned as an impact on the burden of lupus in the text?

Geographic location
Marital status (correct)
Socioeconomic status
Environmental factors

What is the main focus of studying autoimmune diseases according to the text?

Identifying challenges faced in epidemiology (B) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, which statement about autoimmune diseases is correct?

Low socioeconomic status does not contribute to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor contributing to health disparities in low SES individuals with SLE?

Exposure to violence and substance abuse (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a study with 24,000 participants in the USA, what did the results show regarding mortality in black SLE patients compared to white patients?

Mortality in black SLE patients was higher than whites regardless of SES status (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did the 'Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus' study focus on?

Racism-related stress and its impact on SLE disease activity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of heritability of SLE is estimated due to genetics?

~10% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is largely attributed to the hereditability of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

HLA-DRB1 gene (A) Signup and view all the answers

What interaction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), involving both genes and the environment?

Unidentified genetic risks (B) Signup and view all the answers

What theory attempted to explain higher rates of autoimmune diseases in developed vs. underdeveloped nations?

Hygiene hypothesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of lupus?

High pollution levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which region has the prevalence of lupus been reported as the highest?

Indigenous, African Americans and Afro-Caribbean populations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What racial group has shown worse end-organ damage outcomes in lupus studies?

African Americans (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a contributing factor to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes?

Access to health care (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which group is reported to have a higher mortality rate in systemic lupus erythematosus compared to the general population?

African Americans (D) Signup and view all the answers

What factor was believed to alter the immune system due to lack of early childhood exposure to microbes in the Hygiene Hypothesis?

$\text{Parasite infections}$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with increasing rates in the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis over time?

$\text{High rates of obesity}$ (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which racial group is mentioned to have a higher incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis compared to other populations?

$\text{First Nations Populations}$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What has improved over time in terms of systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes according to studies?

End-organ damage for all populations (D) Signup and view all the answers