Health Disparities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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Questions and Answers

What is the main role of the immune system mentioned in the text?

  • Produce toxins
  • Protect the body against diseases (correct)
  • Promote cancer growth
  • Cause autoimmunity
  • How do genetics and the environment interact to predispose individuals to rheumatoid arthritis and lupus?

  • Environment has no role in disease predisposition
  • Genetics and environment can both contribute to disease predisposition (correct)
  • Genetics and environment do not interact in autoimmune diseases
  • Genetics have no impact on these diseases
  • Which factor is NOT mentioned as an impact on the burden of lupus in the text?

  • Geographic location
  • Marital status (correct)
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Environmental factors
  • What is the main focus of studying autoimmune diseases according to the text?

    <p>Identifying challenges faced in epidemiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, which statement about autoimmune diseases is correct?

    <p>Low socioeconomic status does not contribute to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor contributing to health disparities in low SES individuals with SLE?

    <p>Exposure to violence and substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a study with 24,000 participants in the USA, what did the results show regarding mortality in black SLE patients compared to white patients?

    <p>Mortality in black SLE patients was higher than whites regardless of SES status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the 'Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus' study focus on?

    <p>Racism-related stress and its impact on SLE disease activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of heritability of SLE is estimated due to genetics?

    <p>~10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is largely attributed to the hereditability of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

    <p>HLA-DRB1 gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interaction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), involving both genes and the environment?

    <p>Unidentified genetic risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory attempted to explain higher rates of autoimmune diseases in developed vs. underdeveloped nations?

    <p>Hygiene hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of lupus?

    <p>High pollution levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region has the prevalence of lupus been reported as the highest?

    <p>Indigenous, African Americans and Afro-Caribbean populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What racial group has shown worse end-organ damage outcomes in lupus studies?

    <p>African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contributing factor to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes?

    <p>Access to health care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is reported to have a higher mortality rate in systemic lupus erythematosus compared to the general population?

    <p>African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor was believed to alter the immune system due to lack of early childhood exposure to microbes in the Hygiene Hypothesis?

    <p>$\text{Parasite infections}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is associated with increasing rates in the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis over time?

    <p>$\text{High rates of obesity}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which racial group is mentioned to have a higher incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis compared to other populations?

    <p>$\text{First Nations Populations}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has improved over time in terms of systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes according to studies?

    <p>End-organ damage for all populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

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