21 Questions
What is the main role of the immune system mentioned in the text?
Protect the body against diseases
How do genetics and the environment interact to predispose individuals to rheumatoid arthritis and lupus?
Genetics and environment can both contribute to disease predisposition
Which factor is NOT mentioned as an impact on the burden of lupus in the text?
Marital status
What is the main focus of studying autoimmune diseases according to the text?
Identifying challenges faced in epidemiology
Based on the text, which statement about autoimmune diseases is correct?
Low socioeconomic status does not contribute to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus
What is a factor contributing to health disparities in low SES individuals with SLE?
Exposure to violence and substance abuse
In a study with 24,000 participants in the USA, what did the results show regarding mortality in black SLE patients compared to white patients?
Mortality in black SLE patients was higher than whites regardless of SES status
What did the 'Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus' study focus on?
Racism-related stress and its impact on SLE disease activity
What percentage of heritability of SLE is estimated due to genetics?
~10%
Which gene is largely attributed to the hereditability of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
HLA-DRB1 gene
What interaction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), involving both genes and the environment?
Unidentified genetic risks
What theory attempted to explain higher rates of autoimmune diseases in developed vs. underdeveloped nations?
Hygiene hypothesis
Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of lupus?
High pollution levels
In which region has the prevalence of lupus been reported as the highest?
Indigenous, African Americans and Afro-Caribbean populations
What racial group has shown worse end-organ damage outcomes in lupus studies?
African Americans
What is a contributing factor to racial disparities in systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes?
Access to health care
Which group is reported to have a higher mortality rate in systemic lupus erythematosus compared to the general population?
African Americans
What factor was believed to alter the immune system due to lack of early childhood exposure to microbes in the Hygiene Hypothesis?
$\text{Parasite infections}$
What is associated with increasing rates in the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis over time?
$\text{High rates of obesity}$
Which racial group is mentioned to have a higher incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis compared to other populations?
$\text{First Nations Populations}$
What has improved over time in terms of systemic lupus erythematosus outcomes according to studies?
End-organ damage for all populations
Learn about the impact of socioeconomic status and racial disparities on disease outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Explore factors contributing to health disparities such as nutrition, housing conditions, lack of healthcare access, and more. Understand the differences in mortality rates among black and white SLE patients regardless of SES status.
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