Health Belief Model and Factors of Change
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Health Belief Model and Factors of Change

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What does perceived susceptibility refer to in the context of the Health Belief Model?

  • The financial cost of disease treatment
  • The availability of healthcare resources
  • The cultural attitudes towards health behavior
  • The likelihood of experiencing adverse health outcomes (correct)

    • Which factor is NOT considered a core construct of the Health Belief Model?

  • Perceived barriers
  • Perceived benefits
  • Perceived severity
  • Perceived risk (correct)

    • How do situational influences affect an individual's willingness to change?

  • By altering financial resources and family support (correct)
  • By changing an individual's beliefs about their capabilities
  • By imposing external regulations and laws
  • By directly modifying genetic predispositions

    • Which construct best explains the combination of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity in the Health Belief Model?

    <p>Perceived threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely to enhance an individual's perceived benefits regarding a health behavior change?

    <p>Personal testimonials of others' experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are perceived obstacles in the context of behavior change?

    <p>Internal concerns such as financial issues or family resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a modifying variable?

    <p>Cognitive dissonance from past experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does self-efficacy primarily predict?

    <p>Health-related behaviors and change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is collective efficacy?

    <p>The belief in a group's collective abilities to achieve goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor enhances situational self-efficacy?

    <p>Prior knowledge and skills related to the task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In self-consistency theory, what motivates individuals to act?

    <p>Need for cognitive balance and consistency with self-image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cues to action in behavior modification?

    <p>Stimuli that prompt changes in behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is an example of a socio-psychological modifying variable?

    <p>Influence from friends regarding dietary choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Self-verification Theory suggest about people's behavior related to their self-concept?

    <p>Individuals aim to find information that validates their existing beliefs about themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In attribution theory, what type of attribution is assigned to internal and stable traits?

    <p>Ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

    <p>Overestimating the influence of personal traits on behavior while neglecting situational factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'self-serving bias'?

    <p>Attributing failures to external factors and successes to internal factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are attributions categorized in terms of stability?

    <p>Internal factors can be either stable or unstable, while external factors can also be categorized similarly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would an internal and unstable attribution suggest about a person's behavior?

    <p>The amount of effort the person applied towards a task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an external and stable attribution?

    <p>A consistently difficult task that affects performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the aim of Attribution Theory?

    <p>To explore how individuals ascribe motives to themselves and others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do individuals with an internal locus of control perceive their life outcomes?

    <p>As outcomes based on their own actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does self-serving bias lead people to do in terms of their successes and failures?

    <p>Credit themselves for successes and blame external factors for failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes evaluation apprehension?

    <p>Worry about the way one is judged by others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reaction of individuals with an external locus of control when facing challenges?

    <p>They attribute outcomes to luck or external factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might self-esteem be affected according to the locus of control theory?

    <p>High self-esteem correlates with an internal locus of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM)?

    <p>Examining stages of health behavior change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might a person experience evaluation apprehension most acutely?

    <p>While performing in front of a large audience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical example of self-serving bias in sports?

    <p>Complaining about poor refereeing after a loss and celebrating personal performance after a win</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Dramatic Relief in behavioral change?

    <p>To inspire action through emotional arousal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Environmental Reevaluation focuses on which aspect of behavior change?

    <p>Assessing the impact of behaviors on others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Social Liberation?

    <p>Finding alternatives to unhealthy behaviors in one’s community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-Reevaluation encourages individuals to do what?

    <p>Assess the difference in self-esteem without unhealthy behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of Stimulus Control in behavior modification?

    <p>To remove triggers for unhealthy habits and introduce healthier prompts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Helping Relationships are characterized by which of the following?

    <p>Caring, trust, openness, and support for healthy behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The emotional expression in Dramatic Relief is important because it allows individuals to:

    <p>Feel validated and heard regarding their struggles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents an action taken during Environmental Reevaluation?

    <p>Realizing the impact of smoking on children’s health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Core Factors Influencing Willingness to Change

    • Psychological readiness is influenced by intrinsic and external motivation.
    • Family influences and access to resources such as financial support and transportation play a significant role.
    • Environmental conditions, including accessibility and cultural factors, affect an individual's willingness to change.

    Health Belief Model

    • The Health Belief Model explores the connection between various factors and the likelihood of taking preventive health actions.
    • Key elements include:
      • Perceived Susceptibility: A person's subjective assessment of their risk of experiencing a negative outcome.
      • Perceived Seriousness: The perceived severity of the consequences of a disease or undesirable event.
      • Perceived Threat: A combination of perceived susceptibility and perceived seriousness.
      • Perceived Benefits: The perceived value or usefulness of a behavior change in reducing risk.
      • Perceived Barriers: Obstacles that hinder a person from taking action.

    Modifying Variables

    • Factors that can influence an individual's motivation and behavior change include:
      • Demographics: Age, marital status, and ethnicity.
      • Socio-psychological: Peer influence and personality traits.
      • Structural: Existing knowledge, skills, and past experiences.

    Cues to Action & Self-Efficacy

    • Cues to Action: Stimuli that prompt a person to change their behavior.
    • Self-Efficacy: A strong predictor of health behavior change. It's an individual's belief in their ability to successfully achieve change.
      • Situational Self-Efficacy: Confidence in one's ability to accomplish a specific task or goal.
      • Collective Efficacy: Belief in the ability of a group to achieve a common outcome.

    Self-Consistency Theory & Self-Verification Theory

    • Self-Consistency Theory: Individuals are motivated to maintain consistency between their actions and their self-image.
    • Self-Verification Theory: People actively seek information that confirms their existing self-concept and beliefs.

    Attribution

    • Attribution: An inference about the cause of a person's behavior or an interpersonal event.
    • Attribution Error: A bias in assigning motives or causes to events.

    Fundamental Attribution Error

    • Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors (personality, beliefs) on behavior, while underestimating external factors (situational influences).

    Attribution Theory

    • Attribution Theory: Explores how people explain their own and others' behaviors, considering both internal (dispositions) and external (circumstances) factors.

    Locus of Control

    • Locus of Control: An individual's perception of how much control they have over life events.
      • Internal Locus of Control: A belief that outcomes are controlled by personal efforts and abilities.
      • External Locus of Control: A belief that outcomes are determined by factors beyond one's control.

    Self-Serving Bias

    • Self-Serving Bias: The tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors to maintain self-esteem.

    Evaluation Apprehension

    • Evaluation Apprehension: Anxiety or fear about being judged by others.

    Self-Esteem

    • Self-Esteem: A person's overall sense of self-worth and evaluation of themselves.

    Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

    • Transtheoretical Model: A five-stage model that describes how people change their health behaviors.

    Dramatic Relief

    • Dramatic Relief: A technique that uses emotional arousal (fear, inspiration) to motivate change.

    Environmental Reevaluation

    • Environmental Reevaluation: Assessing the impact of a behavior on one's social environment.

    Social Liberation

    • Social Liberation: Increased social opportunities or alternatives that support a new behavior.

    Self-Reevaluation

    • Self-Reevaluation: A reassessment of one's self-image with or without an unhealthy behavior.

    Stimulus Control

    • Stimulus Control: Modifying the environment to remove triggers for unhealthy behaviors and add prompts for healthier alternatives.

    Helping Relationships

    • Helping Relationships: Social support, trust, and acceptance from others that encourage positive change.

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    Related Documents

    Study Guide #2 (Chapter 4-6) – PSY 575 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the core factors influencing an individual's willingness to change and examines the Health Belief Model. Key components include psychological readiness, perceived susceptibility, and environmental conditions that impact health behaviors. Test your understanding of these concepts and their relevance to preventive health actions.

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