Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of deaths were caused by heart disease in the late 1960s?
What percentage of deaths were caused by heart disease in the late 1960s?
- 23.53%
- 10.95%
- 16.50%
- 38.59% (correct)
Which behavior is NOT associated with a potential increase in lifespan?
Which behavior is NOT associated with a potential increase in lifespan?
- Moderate alcohol consumption
- Smoking (correct)
- Eating diets rich in fruits and vegetables
- Regular exercise
Which cause of death significantly decreased from the late 1960s to today?
Which cause of death significantly decreased from the late 1960s to today?
- Malignancies (cancer)
- Stroke
- Heart disease
- Chronic lower respiratory disease (correct)
What was the percentage of deaths caused by stroke in today's statistics?
What was the percentage of deaths caused by stroke in today's statistics?
Which major cause of death had the lowest percentage in the late 1960s?
Which major cause of death had the lowest percentage in the late 1960s?
In what area have deaths shown the smallest change from the late 1960s to today?
In what area have deaths shown the smallest change from the late 1960s to today?
Which of the following behaviors contributes to a longer lifespan?
Which of the following behaviors contributes to a longer lifespan?
Which of these causes of death increased in significance from the late 1960s to today?
Which of these causes of death increased in significance from the late 1960s to today?
What is primarily concerned with activities aimed at improving or maintaining health?
What is primarily concerned with activities aimed at improving or maintaining health?
Which factor is noted to decrease the likelihood of individuals in their 70s surviving to 90 years of age?
Which factor is noted to decrease the likelihood of individuals in their 70s surviving to 90 years of age?
Which behavior refers to activities undertaken to address health problems after recognizing the illness?
Which behavior refers to activities undertaken to address health problems after recognizing the illness?
What motivates individuals to engage in symptom-based behavior?
What motivates individuals to engage in symptom-based behavior?
How do researchers categorize behaviors performed when individuals perceive themselves as healthy?
How do researchers categorize behaviors performed when individuals perceive themselves as healthy?
What is the implication of varying health statuses on health behaviors?
What is the implication of varying health statuses on health behaviors?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of symptom-based behavior?
Which of the following is NOT considered a component of symptom-based behavior?
What describes behaviors that individuals engage in when they are in good health?
What describes behaviors that individuals engage in when they are in good health?
Which group of individuals is recommended to undergo more frequent medical examinations?
Which group of individuals is recommended to undergo more frequent medical examinations?
What effect does following the recommended schedule for mammograms have on women over 50?
What effect does following the recommended schedule for mammograms have on women over 50?
What common barriers do middle-age and elderly women cite for not having mammograms?
What common barriers do middle-age and elderly women cite for not having mammograms?
How do medical staff increase the likelihood of women increasing their mammogram frequency?
How do medical staff increase the likelihood of women increasing their mammogram frequency?
What was the immunization percentage among preschool children in the United States?
What was the immunization percentage among preschool children in the United States?
What method can improve the integration of prevention advice in medical practices?
What method can improve the integration of prevention advice in medical practices?
What demographic factors are correlated with lower rates of mammogram screenings?
What demographic factors are correlated with lower rates of mammogram screenings?
Which behavior is not associated with perceived behavioral control regarding self-efficacy?
Which behavior is not associated with perceived behavioral control regarding self-efficacy?
What factors contribute to the lower immunization rates in poorer societies?
What factors contribute to the lower immunization rates in poorer societies?
Which of the following factors is linked to the intention to start smoking?
Which of the following factors is linked to the intention to start smoking?
Which health-related behavior is associated with subjective norms according to the content?
Which health-related behavior is associated with subjective norms according to the content?
What is a limitation mentioned regarding the theory of planned behavior?
What is a limitation mentioned regarding the theory of planned behavior?
Which aspect is not explicitly mentioned in relation to quitting smoking?
Which aspect is not explicitly mentioned in relation to quitting smoking?
What is a common behavior observed in children with irritable bowel syndrome when their parents also have the illness?
What is a common behavior observed in children with irritable bowel syndrome when their parents also have the illness?
Which of the following intends to improve health by promoting exercise?
Which of the following intends to improve health by promoting exercise?
Which factor is primarily focused on how others influence behavior?
Which factor is primarily focused on how others influence behavior?
Which group was found to exercise more and smoke less according to the research mentioned?
Which group was found to exercise more and smoke less according to the research mentioned?
Which behavior emphasizes the role of self-efficacy in its practice according to the content?
Which behavior emphasizes the role of self-efficacy in its practice according to the content?
What cultural differences exist regarding health behaviors?
What cultural differences exist regarding health behaviors?
How do health behaviors of immigrants change over generations in the United States?
How do health behaviors of immigrants change over generations in the United States?
What factors influence an individual's likelihood of taking preventive health actions?
What factors influence an individual's likelihood of taking preventive health actions?
What aspect of behavior does sick-role behavior include?
What aspect of behavior does sick-role behavior include?
Which demographic factors may affect an individual's perception of health threats?
Which demographic factors may affect an individual's perception of health threats?
What role do cues to action play in preventive health behavior?
What role do cues to action play in preventive health behavior?
What was one key finding about health behaviors among women as reported in an international survey?
What was one key finding about health behaviors among women as reported in an international survey?
Perceived susceptibility to health problems is most influenced by which aspect?
Perceived susceptibility to health problems is most influenced by which aspect?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common healthful behavior among medical students?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common healthful behavior among medical students?
What is a significant difference recognized between people from various cultures concerning health?
What is a significant difference recognized between people from various cultures concerning health?
How are perceived benefits and barriers calculated in evaluating health behaviors?
How are perceived benefits and barriers calculated in evaluating health behaviors?
Which statement best describes the relationship between perceived risk and age?
Which statement best describes the relationship between perceived risk and age?
What is a common barrier to taking preventive health actions for economically disadvantaged individuals?
What is a common barrier to taking preventive health actions for economically disadvantaged individuals?
Which of the following best illustrates a cue to action?
Which of the following best illustrates a cue to action?
Flashcards
Heart disease death rate
Heart disease death rate
Heart disease deaths decreased from 38.59% of all deaths in the late 1960s to 23.53% today.
Malignancies (cancer) death rate
Malignancies (cancer) death rate
Malignancies deaths have decreased from approximately 16.50% in 1968 to about 22.52% of all deaths today.
Stroke death rate decline
Stroke death rate decline
Stroke deaths declined significantly from 10.95% in the late 1960s to 5.75% today.
Accidents death rate
Accidents death rate
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Top 10 causes of death
Top 10 causes of death
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Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
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Alzheimer's Disease Death Rate
Alzheimer's Disease Death Rate
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Diabetes Death Rate Trends
Diabetes Death Rate Trends
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Health Behavior
Health Behavior
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Well Behavior
Well Behavior
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Symptom-based Behavior
Symptom-based Behavior
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Sick-role behavior
Sick-role behavior
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Individual Health Status
Individual Health Status
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Factors affecting health behavior
Factors affecting health behavior
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Seeking medical care
Seeking medical care
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Health Status Influence
Health Status Influence
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Cultural Differences in Illness Behavior
Cultural Differences in Illness Behavior
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Health-Conscious Individuals
Health-Conscious Individuals
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Healthful Behaviors
Healthful Behaviors
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Immigrant Health Differences
Immigrant Health Differences
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Children's Health Behaviors
Children's Health Behaviors
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Medical Students Health Behaviors
Medical Students Health Behaviors
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Salient Behaviors
Salient Behaviors
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Primary Prevention
Primary Prevention
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Immunization
Immunization
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Mammograms (as a prevention measure)
Mammograms (as a prevention measure)
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Health Risk Factors
Health Risk Factors
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Increased Screening Frequency
Increased Screening Frequency
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Prevention Advice from Medical Staff
Prevention Advice from Medical Staff
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Health Surveys
Health Surveys
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Breast Cancer Mortality Reduction
Breast Cancer Mortality Reduction
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Health Behavior Decision
Health Behavior Decision
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Perceived Threat
Perceived Threat
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Perceived Susceptibility
Perceived Susceptibility
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Perceived Severity
Perceived Severity
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Benefits of Action
Benefits of Action
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Barriers to Action
Barriers to Action
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Cues to Action
Cues to Action
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Factors Influencing Health Behavior
Factors Influencing Health Behavior
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Theory of Planned Behavior
Theory of Planned Behavior
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Attitude
Attitude
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Subjective Norm
Subjective Norm
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Perceived Behavioral Control
Perceived Behavioral Control
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Intention
Intention
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What are the factors that contribute to a person's intention to perform a behavior?
What are the factors that contribute to a person's intention to perform a behavior?
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What is a limitation of the Theory of Planned Behavior?
What is a limitation of the Theory of Planned Behavior?
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How can the Theory of Planned Behavior be used?
How can the Theory of Planned Behavior be used?
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Study Notes
Health Behaviors and Their Impact
- Changes in US Death Causes (1968-Present): Cardiovascular disease, malignancies, and stroke were major causes of death in the late 1960s, but their percentages have decreased significantly today. Chronic lower respiratory diseases, accidents, pneumonia/influenza, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and kidney disease have risen in their contributions to overall deaths. Data shows the percentages for each (Figure 6-1).
Health Behavior Types
- Well Behavior: Activities to maintain good health and prevent illness (e.g., healthy diets, exercise)
- Symptom-Based Behavior: Activities undertaken when experiencing symptoms to identify the problem and find a remedy (e.g., complaining of symptoms, seeking advice from others, or seeking medical attention).
- Sick-Role Behavior: Activities undertaken after deciding one is ill to treat or adjust to the health problem (e.g., staying home from work or school, seeking medical attention for illness).
Influence on Health Behaviors
- Individual Differences in Health Behaviors: People's health status, perceived threat of illness, and their assessment of benefits and barriers influence the types and motivation behind their health behaviors.
- Cultural Factors: Cultural backgrounds influence symptom responses and approaches to heath issues. Immigrants may have differing pain tolerances, which often diminish through subsequent generations.
- Health Behaviors & Health Status: Health status impacts the type and motivation behind health behaviors.
- Consistent vs Inconsistent Health Practices: Some individuals consistently practice healthful behaviors throughout their lives while others do not.
- Perceived Susceptibility: The belief of getting a health problem affects the likelihood of taking action.
- Cues to Action: Reminders about potential health problems or witnessing others experiencing them increase the likelihood of taking action.
- Perceived Benefits & Barriers: Health behaviors are influenced by one's assessment of the pros and cons of a health behavior (benefits minus barriers).
Health Promotion Methods
- Primary Prevention: Preventative measures to avoid health problems. Examples include immunizations against preventable diseases and encouraging healthy behaviors like not smoking.
- Medical Examinations for Primary Prevention: More frequent examinations (for high risk populations, eg. elderly or those with a history of health problems) to detect the disease earlier, saving lives. Mammograms reduce breast cancer mortality.
- Patient-Physician Communication: Surveying health risks and getting targeted advice from a physician on changing behaviors for improved health. Nurses or other medical staff can help if physicians struggle with implementing these methods.
- Improving Prevention Advice: Using systems of reminders to deliver prevention advice. Website health promotion can also help.
Factors Affecting Health Behaviors
- Perceived Susceptibility: A person's risk assessment of getting a specific condition (e.g., cancer).
- Cues to Action: Reminding, alerting, or witnessing situations about potential health issues that trigger action (e.g., TV shows, friends, or family).
- Attitude regarding the behavior: How individuals feel about their health behaviors. (example attitude about donating blood).
- Sociocultural Factors: Personality, age, race, socioeconomic status, and knowledge about the health issue influence the likelihood of taking action.
Theory of Planned Behavior Shortcomings
- Theory is not very specific in explaining behavior.
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Description
Test your knowledge on how health behaviors affect mortality rates and learn about different types of health behaviors, including well behavior, symptom-based behavior, and sick-role behavior. This quiz provides insights into changes in health trends from 1968 to the present.
