Head and Neck Muscles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the buccinator muscle when the cheeks are puffed out?

  • It moves the jaw.
  • It is relaxed. (correct)
  • It pulls the lips tightly against the teeth.
  • It contracts to expel air forcibly.

    • What is the effect of simultaneous contraction of all the dilator muscles of the lips?

  • The lips close tightly.
  • The modiolus moves medially.
  • The lips open into the widest possible circle. (correct)
  • The lips pucker.

    • What structure is formed by the decussating fibers of the dilator muscles at the angle of the mouth?

  • Vestibule
  • Orbicularis oris
  • Modiolus (correct)
  • Chiasma

    • Where is the modiolus located in relation to the teeth?

    <p>Opposite the second upper premolar tooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle arises from the frontal process of the maxilla?

    <p>Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle lies superficial to the levator anguli oris?

    <p>Levator labii superioris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is sandwiched between the levator anguli oris and levator labii superioris?

    <p>Infraorbital nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the fibers of the levator anguli oris after they pass through the modiolus?

    <p>They become superficial. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles converge at the modiolus?

    <p>Zygomaticus major and minor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structures are exposed by the gaps above and below the risorius muscle?

    <p>Facial artery and vein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The depressor anguli oris muscle originates from which structure?

    <p>Oblique line of the mandible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is described as quadrangular in shape?

    <p>Depressor labii inferioris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the mentalis muscle perform?

    <p>Elevates the skin of the chin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies motor innervation to the facial muscles?

    <p>Facial nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve carries proprioceptive impulses from the facial muscles?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies platysma?

    <p>Transverse cervical nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull?

    <p>Stylomastoid foramen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the plexiform arrangement of the facial nerve within the parotid gland?

    <p>Pes anserinus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The buccinator muscle is responsible for moving the jaw.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The modiolus is located just lateral to the angle of the mouth, near the second upper premolar tooth.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi is inserted only into the upper lip.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The intersecting fibers at the modiolus can slip through due to their loose connection.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Contraction of the dilator muscles of the lips results in the opening of the jaws.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The zygomaticus major muscle arises at the zygomaticomaxillary suture.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mentalis muscle can cause dimpling of the skin of the chin.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The risorius muscle is an extension from the platysma.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Depressor labii inferioris inserts into the upper lip.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proprioceptive impulses from facial muscles are conveyed by the facial nerve.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Buccinator Muscle

    A muscle that compresses the cheeks and keeps food between teeth.

    Modiolus

    The knot of muscle at the angle of the mouth, where fibers intersect.

    Dilator Muscles

    Muscles that open the lips wide and are shaped like spokes of a wheel.

    Levator Labii Superioris

    A muscle that elevates the upper lip and part of the nose.

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    Depressor Anguli Oris

    A muscle that pulls down the corners of the mouth.

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    Levator Anguli Oris

    A muscle that elevates the angle of the mouth.

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    Infraorbital Nerve

    A nerve located below the orbital margin, affecting facial muscles.

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    Cheek Puffing

    Occurs when the buccinator muscle is relaxed during air expulsion.

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    Zygomaticus Major

    A muscle originating from the zygomatic bone that assists in smiling by pulling the corners of the mouth upwards.

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    Risorius

    A variable facial muscle that pulls the mouth laterally, often associated with expressions of pleasure.

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    Depressor Labii Inferioris

    A quadrangular facial muscle that helps lower the lower lip.

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    Mentalis

    Muscle located at the chin that elevates and wrinkles the skin, affecting lower lip movement.

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    Facial Nerve

    The cranial nerve responsible for motor control of the facial muscles.

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    Trigeminal Nerve

    The sensory nerve responsible for facial sensation, which interacts with facial muscle innervation.

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    Lymph Drainage of Face

    The process of lymph fluid draining from facial tissues into specific lymph nodes.

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    Pes Anserinus

    The arrangement of facial nerve branches as they emerge from the parotid gland.

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    Contraction of Puff Cheeks

    When air is forcibly expelled, the elongated fibers of the cheeks contract.

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    Function of Modiolus

    The modiolus allows movement at the corners of the mouth due to intersecting muscle fibers.

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    Elevator and Depressor Muscles

    Muscles that lift or lower the lips, contributing to facial expressions.

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    Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi

    A muscle that elevates both the upper lip and part of the nose.

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    Intersections of Facial Muscles

    Facial muscles intersect at the modiolus, which provides unique positions and movements.

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    Mentalis Muscle

    Muscle that raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin and can affect lower lip movement.

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    Facial Nerve Function

    Supplies motor control to facial muscles, with no sensory fibers for the face.

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    Lymph Node Drainage

    The process where lymph from the face drains into specific nodes, including submental and submandibular.

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    Study Notes

    Head and Neck Muscles

    • Orbicularis Oris: A ring of muscle around the mouth; constricts the mouth, pulls lips against teeth, and maintains mouth closure and expression. It does not move the jaw.
    • Dilator Muscles: Radiate from orbicularis oris; widen the mouth in a wide circle, often with simultaneous jaw opening.
    • Elevator and Depressor Muscles: Flat sheets on upper and lower lips; control lip elevation and depression.
    • Modiolus: Knot of muscle at the angle of the mouth; made from decussating (crossing) fibers, critical in prosthetic dentistry due to its position and movement.
    • Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi: Elevates upper lip and wing of nose; originates on maxilla.
    • Levator Labii Superioris: Elevates upper lip; originates from the inferior orbital margin.
    • Levator Anguli Oris: Elevates angle of mouth; deep to levator labii superioris, merges with depressor anguli oris.
    • Zygomaticus Minor and Major: Converge to the modiolus, controlling smiling; originate on zygomatic bone.
    • Risorius: Variable muscle; extends from platysma, converging on the modiolus; exposes facial artery and vein.
    • Depressor Anguli Oris: Depresses corner of mouth; lies superficial, passes through modiolus, merges with levator anguli oris.
    • Depressor Labii Inferioris: Depresses lower lip; lies deep to depressor anguli oris; quadrangular shape.
    • Mentalis: Elevates chin skin; originates near mandible midline; affects lower lip and denture fit.

    Facial Nerve Supply

    • Facial Nerve: Supplies all muscles discussed; no sensory fibers directly on the face; proprioceptive impulses are via the trigeminal nerve.
    • Trigeminal Nerve: Provides cutaneous sensory branches intertwining with facial nerve; sensation to the skin over muscles, and proprioceptive innervation to facial muscles supplied by the facial nerve.
    • Platysma: Supplied by the transverse cervical nerve, not a branch of the facial nerve.
    • Facial Nerve Branches: Emerges through stylomastoid foramen; initial branching includes posterior auricular nerve, muscular branch, eventually upper temporozygomatic and lower cervicofacial branches.
    • 5 Main Branches (Pes Anserinus): Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical branches, that emerge from the parotid gland
    • Importance of Temporal Branches: Wrinkle forehead (auricularis anterior and superior, and a portion of the frontalis).
    • Facial Nerve Plexus: Branches divide and rejoin within the parotid gland, forming a plexiform arrangement (pes anserinus). Placement of hand over gland, thumb on temple, little finger on neck helps identify the five branches. First three often have multiple branches.

    Lymph Drainage of Face

    • Face Lymph Drainage: Three groups of nodes:
      • Submental nodes: Drain chin and tip of tongue.
      • Submandibular nodes: Drain upper lip, lower face, central forehead, frontal sinuses, anterior nose, maxillary sinus; includes tongue and mouth floor.
      • Preauricular group: Drain forehead, temples, orbital contents, cheeks. All lymph ultimately reaches deep cervical nodes.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key muscles of the head and neck. This quiz covers functions, origins, and interactions of various muscles like the orbicularis oris and levator labii. Perfect for students in anatomy or dentistry courses.

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