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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the buccinator muscle when the cheeks are puffed out?
What is the function of the buccinator muscle when the cheeks are puffed out?
- It moves the jaw.
- It is relaxed. (correct)
- It pulls the lips tightly against the teeth.
- It contracts to expel air forcibly.
What is the effect of simultaneous contraction of all the dilator muscles of the lips?
What is the effect of simultaneous contraction of all the dilator muscles of the lips?
- The lips close tightly.
- The modiolus moves medially.
- The lips open into the widest possible circle. (correct)
- The lips pucker.
What structure is formed by the decussating fibers of the dilator muscles at the angle of the mouth?
What structure is formed by the decussating fibers of the dilator muscles at the angle of the mouth?
- Vestibule
- Orbicularis oris
- Modiolus (correct)
- Chiasma
Where is the modiolus located in relation to the teeth?
Where is the modiolus located in relation to the teeth?
Which muscle arises from the frontal process of the maxilla?
Which muscle arises from the frontal process of the maxilla?
Which muscle lies superficial to the levator anguli oris?
Which muscle lies superficial to the levator anguli oris?
Which nerve is sandwiched between the levator anguli oris and levator labii superioris?
Which nerve is sandwiched between the levator anguli oris and levator labii superioris?
What happens to the fibers of the levator anguli oris after they pass through the modiolus?
What happens to the fibers of the levator anguli oris after they pass through the modiolus?
Which muscles converge at the modiolus?
Which muscles converge at the modiolus?
What anatomical structures are exposed by the gaps above and below the risorius muscle?
What anatomical structures are exposed by the gaps above and below the risorius muscle?
The depressor anguli oris muscle originates from which structure?
The depressor anguli oris muscle originates from which structure?
Which muscle is described as quadrangular in shape?
Which muscle is described as quadrangular in shape?
What action does the mentalis muscle perform?
What action does the mentalis muscle perform?
Which nerve supplies motor innervation to the facial muscles?
Which nerve supplies motor innervation to the facial muscles?
Which nerve carries proprioceptive impulses from the facial muscles?
Which nerve carries proprioceptive impulses from the facial muscles?
Which nerve supplies platysma?
Which nerve supplies platysma?
Through which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull?
Through which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull?
What is the name of the plexiform arrangement of the facial nerve within the parotid gland?
What is the name of the plexiform arrangement of the facial nerve within the parotid gland?
The buccinator muscle is responsible for moving the jaw.
The buccinator muscle is responsible for moving the jaw.
The modiolus is located just lateral to the angle of the mouth, near the second upper premolar tooth.
The modiolus is located just lateral to the angle of the mouth, near the second upper premolar tooth.
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi is inserted only into the upper lip.
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi is inserted only into the upper lip.
The intersecting fibers at the modiolus can slip through due to their loose connection.
The intersecting fibers at the modiolus can slip through due to their loose connection.
Contraction of the dilator muscles of the lips results in the opening of the jaws.
Contraction of the dilator muscles of the lips results in the opening of the jaws.
The zygomaticus major muscle arises at the zygomaticomaxillary suture.
The zygomaticus major muscle arises at the zygomaticomaxillary suture.
The mentalis muscle can cause dimpling of the skin of the chin.
The mentalis muscle can cause dimpling of the skin of the chin.
The risorius muscle is an extension from the platysma.
The risorius muscle is an extension from the platysma.
Depressor labii inferioris inserts into the upper lip.
Depressor labii inferioris inserts into the upper lip.
Proprioceptive impulses from facial muscles are conveyed by the facial nerve.
Proprioceptive impulses from facial muscles are conveyed by the facial nerve.
Flashcards
Buccinator Muscle
Buccinator Muscle
A muscle that compresses the cheeks and keeps food between teeth.
Modiolus
Modiolus
The knot of muscle at the angle of the mouth, where fibers intersect.
Dilator Muscles
Dilator Muscles
Muscles that open the lips wide and are shaped like spokes of a wheel.
Levator Labii Superioris
Levator Labii Superioris
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Depressor Anguli Oris
Depressor Anguli Oris
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Levator Anguli Oris
Levator Anguli Oris
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Infraorbital Nerve
Infraorbital Nerve
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Cheek Puffing
Cheek Puffing
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Zygomaticus Major
Zygomaticus Major
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Risorius
Risorius
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Depressor Labii Inferioris
Depressor Labii Inferioris
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Mentalis
Mentalis
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Facial Nerve
Facial Nerve
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Trigeminal Nerve
Trigeminal Nerve
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Lymph Drainage of Face
Lymph Drainage of Face
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Pes Anserinus
Pes Anserinus
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Contraction of Puff Cheeks
Contraction of Puff Cheeks
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Function of Modiolus
Function of Modiolus
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Elevator and Depressor Muscles
Elevator and Depressor Muscles
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Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi
Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi
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Intersections of Facial Muscles
Intersections of Facial Muscles
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Mentalis Muscle
Mentalis Muscle
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Facial Nerve Function
Facial Nerve Function
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Lymph Node Drainage
Lymph Node Drainage
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Study Notes
Head and Neck Muscles
- Orbicularis Oris: A ring of muscle around the mouth; constricts the mouth, pulls lips against teeth, and maintains mouth closure and expression. It does not move the jaw.
- Dilator Muscles: Radiate from orbicularis oris; widen the mouth in a wide circle, often with simultaneous jaw opening.
- Elevator and Depressor Muscles: Flat sheets on upper and lower lips; control lip elevation and depression.
- Modiolus: Knot of muscle at the angle of the mouth; made from decussating (crossing) fibers, critical in prosthetic dentistry due to its position and movement.
- Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi: Elevates upper lip and wing of nose; originates on maxilla.
- Levator Labii Superioris: Elevates upper lip; originates from the inferior orbital margin.
- Levator Anguli Oris: Elevates angle of mouth; deep to levator labii superioris, merges with depressor anguli oris.
- Zygomaticus Minor and Major: Converge to the modiolus, controlling smiling; originate on zygomatic bone.
- Risorius: Variable muscle; extends from platysma, converging on the modiolus; exposes facial artery and vein.
- Depressor Anguli Oris: Depresses corner of mouth; lies superficial, passes through modiolus, merges with levator anguli oris.
- Depressor Labii Inferioris: Depresses lower lip; lies deep to depressor anguli oris; quadrangular shape.
- Mentalis: Elevates chin skin; originates near mandible midline; affects lower lip and denture fit.
Facial Nerve Supply
- Facial Nerve: Supplies all muscles discussed; no sensory fibers directly on the face; proprioceptive impulses are via the trigeminal nerve.
- Trigeminal Nerve: Provides cutaneous sensory branches intertwining with facial nerve; sensation to the skin over muscles, and proprioceptive innervation to facial muscles supplied by the facial nerve.
- Platysma: Supplied by the transverse cervical nerve, not a branch of the facial nerve.
- Facial Nerve Branches: Emerges through stylomastoid foramen; initial branching includes posterior auricular nerve, muscular branch, eventually upper temporozygomatic and lower cervicofacial branches.
- 5 Main Branches (Pes Anserinus): Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical branches, that emerge from the parotid gland
- Importance of Temporal Branches: Wrinkle forehead (auricularis anterior and superior, and a portion of the frontalis).
- Facial Nerve Plexus: Branches divide and rejoin within the parotid gland, forming a plexiform arrangement (pes anserinus). Placement of hand over gland, thumb on temple, little finger on neck helps identify the five branches. First three often have multiple branches.
Lymph Drainage of Face
- Face Lymph Drainage: Three groups of nodes:
- Submental nodes: Drain chin and tip of tongue.
- Submandibular nodes: Drain upper lip, lower face, central forehead, frontal sinuses, anterior nose, maxillary sinus; includes tongue and mouth floor.
- Preauricular group: Drain forehead, temples, orbital contents, cheeks. All lymph ultimately reaches deep cervical nodes.
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