Head and Neck Quiz 1

Cranial Nerves and Facial Muscles

• The cranial nerve responsible for facial movement is the seventh cranial nerve, also known as the facial nerve.
• The muscle responsible for raising the eyebrows is the frontalis muscle.
• The muscle responsible for frowning is the procerus muscle.
• The muscle responsible for closing the eyelids is the orbicularis oculi muscle.
• The muscle responsible for wrinkles on the sides of the nose is the nasalis muscle.
• The muscle responsible for smiling excessively is the zygomaticus major muscle.
• The muscle responsible for wrinkles around the mouth is the orbicularis oris muscle.
• The muscle responsible for producing wrinkles or frown lines on the forehead is the frontalis muscle.

BOTOX and Facial Muscles

• The static pull of facial muscles on the skin produces wrinkles.
• BOTOX is used to relax facial muscles, reducing wrinkles and facial lines.
• The cranial nerve that innervates the facial muscles is the seventh cranial nerve.
• Injecting BOTOX at the lateral side of the orbicularis oculi muscle helps to reduce crow's feet.

Mechanisms of Action for Wrinkles

• The two mechanisms of action for wrinkles are dynamic wrinkles (from muscle movement) and static wrinkles (from skin elasticity loss).

Muscles of Mastication

• The muscle responsible for opening the jaw is the lateral pterygoid muscle.
• The muscle that inserts into the mandible and controls the jaw is the masseter muscle.
• The net action of the muscles of mastication is to facilitate chewing and jaw movement.

Salivary Glands

• The parotid glands produce the majority of stimulated saliva.
• The parotid glands are located in front of the ears.
• The Stensen's duct carries saliva from the parotid glands into the mouth.
• The submandibular glands produce the majority of unstimulated saliva.
• Wharton's duct is located in the submandibular glands.
• The viral infection that primarily affects the parotid glands is mumps.

Other Facial Muscles

• The orbicularis oris muscle is responsible for producing wrinkles around the mouth.
• The main cause of bunny lines on the nose is the contraction of the nasalis muscle.
• In cleft lip babies, the deformity of the Orbicularis Oris muscle is commonly observed.
• The levator labii superioris muscle is responsible for a gummy smile.
• The platysma muscle pulls the skin downward and forward, producing marionette's lines.
• The platysma muscle causes turkey gobbler neck.
• The muscles responsible for closing the jaw are the masseter and temporalis muscles.

Test your knowledge on wrinkles around the mouth and the muscle responsible for their formation. Learn about the orbicularis oris muscle and its role in producing circular creases. Discover how botox can be used strategically to maintain control while reducing wrinkles.