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Questions and Answers
What does Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium signify about allele frequencies in a population?
What does Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium signify about allele frequencies in a population?
It indicates that allele frequencies remain constant over generations, implying no evolution is occurring.
List two of the five necessary conditions for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
List two of the five necessary conditions for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
Random mating and no gene flow.
How can the Hardy-Weinberg equation $P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1$ be interpreted in terms of genotype frequencies?
How can the Hardy-Weinberg equation $P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1$ be interpreted in terms of genotype frequencies?
It represents the expected proportions of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive genotypes in a population.
Explain why a very large population is essential for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
Explain why a very large population is essential for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
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What implications does the requirement for no natural selection have on niche populations in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
What implications does the requirement for no natural selection have on niche populations in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
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Study Notes
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
- A state of a population where allele and genotype frequencies remain constant across generations.
- Evolution is the change in allele frequencies.
- Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) populations are not evolving.
- HWE describes allele and genotype frequencies mathematically.
- The equation for calculating allele and genotype frequencies: p² + 2pq + q² = 1
- p = frequency of dominant allele (A)
- q = frequency of recessive allele (a)
- p² = frequency of homozygous dominant genotype (AA)
- 2pq = frequency of heterozygous genotype (Aa)
- q² = frequency of homozygous recessive genotype (aa)
Five Conditions for HWE
- No mutations: Genes should not be altered or deleted.
- Random mating: Organisms should mate randomly without preference to genotype.
- No gene flow: No individuals should enter or leave the population, and sperm/egg should not move between populations.
- Very large population size: Population size should be large enough that random events do not change allele/genotype frequencies.
- No natural selection: All genotypes should have equal survival and reproductive success.
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Description
Test your understanding of the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, a key concept in population genetics. This quiz covers the conditions necessary for equilibrium, the mathematical equations used, and the significance of allele and genotype frequencies. Challenge yourself with questions related to this fundamental principle of evolution.
