Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint in the wrist?
What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint in the wrist?
Which bones make up the carpometacarpal (CMC) joints in the hand?
Which bones make up the carpometacarpal (CMC) joints in the hand?
What is the function of the precision grip in the hand?
What is the function of the precision grip in the hand?
Injuries to which nerve can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome?
Injuries to which nerve can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Which type of finger joint is primarily responsible for flexion and extension of the fingers?
Which type of finger joint is primarily responsible for flexion and extension of the fingers?
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What is the main function of wrist extensor muscles in coordination with finger flexors?
What is the main function of wrist extensor muscles in coordination with finger flexors?
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Study Notes
Hand and Wrist Functions
- Provide stability and mobility of the hand in space
- Position and rotate the hand
- Capable of forming multiple shapes
- Skilled hand motions include grasping, pinching, and tactile exploration
- Transmit loads to or from external objects to the forearm
Hand and Wrist Bones
- Lower arm consists of radius and ulna
- Hand consists of carpal bones, metacarpal bones, and fingers
- Fingers consist of proximal phalanx, middle phalanx, and distal phalanx
Wrist Articulations
- Radiocarpal joint connects radius and carpal bones
- Midcarpal joint connects carpal bones
- Radioulnar joint connects radius and ulna
Wrist Kinematics
- Flexion and extension occur at the radiocarpal joint
- Abduction and adduction occur at the midcarpal joint
- Forearm pronation and supination occur at the radioulnar joint
Hand Articulations
- Carpometacarpal (CMC) joints connect carpals and metacarpals
- Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints connect metacarpals and proximal phalanx
- Interphalangeal (PIP and DIP) joints connect proximal and middle phalanx and middle and distal phalanx
Hand Kinematics
- Flexion and extension of finger joints occur at PIP and DIP joints
- Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation of fingers occur at MCP joints
- Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and opposition of thumb occur at CMC joint
Types of Hand Grips
- Power grip: forceful grip with fingers flexed and thumb holding object in palm
- Precision grip: manipulating small objects between thumb and fingers
Wrist and Hand Muscles
- Wrist extensor muscles act with finger flexors
- Wrist flexor muscles act with finger extensors
Hand and Wrist Injuries
- Acute injuries: wrist and finger sprains, fractures, and dislocations
- Colles Fracture: broken wrist caused by direct force applied to the distal radius
- Symptoms of Colles Fracture: pain, weakness, swelling, and deformity
- Repetitive injuries: carpal tunnel syndrome caused by median nerve irritation
- Risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome: excessive movement of flexor tendons, wrist extension, cold temperatures, and vibrations
- Treatment options for carpal tunnel syndrome: brace, physical therapy, and surgery
- Sport-specific injuries: vary depending on the sport and activity
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Description
Test your knowledge on the functions of the hand and wrist joints, including stability, mobility, and the ability to form multiple shapes. Explore topics like skilled motions, grasping, and load transmission between the hand and forearm.
