Hallux Rigidus and Limitus: Diagnosis and Treatment

What is the primary type of motion exhibited by the first 20-30° of hallux dorsiflexion?

Rotational
Rolling (correct)
Sliding
Circular

What is the primary function of the cam-shaped 1st metatarsal head?

To reduce compression at the end range of motion
To increase the range of motion
To aid in the rolling motion of the 1st MTPJ (correct)
To facilitate first ray plantarflexion

What is the normal range of motion of the 1st MTPJ?

70-80°
65-75° (correct)
50-60°
60-70°

What type of joint is the 1st MTPJ classified as?

Hinge joint (A) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the end range of motion in the 1st MTPJ?

Compression (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the peroneus longus tendon in relation to the 1st ray?

Plantarflexion of the 1st ray (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the wedge-shape of the middle and lateral cuneiforms?

Key stone effect within the medial cuneiform and cuboid (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Hallux Rigidus?

A diminished range of motion and degenerative alterations of the joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the normal parabola in the medial column?

It ensures that the 2nd metatarsal is longer than the 1st (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Windlass mechanism?

To maintain the integrity of the proximal phalangeal base (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the medial cuneiform and cuboid?

The wedge-shape of the medial cuneiform and cuboid results in a key stone effect (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of not meeting the requirements for normal 1st MTPJ ROM?

Hallux limitus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree of dorsiflexion reduction caused by a 1-inch heel?

20° (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of immobilization of the 1st ray in dorsiflexion on the 1st MTPJ?

Decreases ROM (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the condition where the hallux is unable to dorsiflex due to the blocking of the windlass mechanism?

Hallux equinus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the windlass mechanism in the 1st MTPJ?

To assist in resupination of the subtalar joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of functional hallux limitus?

Decreased dorsiflexion of the hallux only when the forefoot is loaded (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of orthotic management in treating hallux rigidus?

To increase the ROM of the 1st MTPJ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Morton's extension on the 1st MTPJ?

Decreases the ROM of the 1st MTPJ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the reverse Morton's extension?

To allow the first ray to plantarflex more (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of surgical treatment options for hallux rigidus?

To salvage the joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication of a Stage 1 functional limitus in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

Limited dorsiflexion with weightbearing but normal ROM with non-weightbearing (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Stage 2 adaptation in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

Total ankylosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Stage 3 deterioration and Stage 4 ankylosis in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

Obliteration of joint space (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Stage 1 functional limitus in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

Joint-Salvage procedure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification is characterized by crepitus and subchondral cystic formation?

Stage 3 deterioration (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic deformity seen in Stage 4 ankylosis in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

Deformity/Malalignment (D) Signup and view all the answers