Hallux Rigidus and Limitus: Diagnosis and Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary type of motion exhibited by the first 20-30° of hallux dorsiflexion?

  • Rotational
  • Rolling (correct)
  • Sliding
  • Circular

    • What is the primary function of the cam-shaped 1st metatarsal head?

  • To reduce compression at the end range of motion
  • To increase the range of motion
  • To aid in the rolling motion of the 1st MTPJ (correct)
  • To facilitate first ray plantarflexion

    • What is the normal range of motion of the 1st MTPJ?

  • 70-80°
  • 65-75° (correct)
  • 50-60°
  • 60-70°

    • What type of joint is the 1st MTPJ classified as?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at the end range of motion in the 1st MTPJ?

    <p>Compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the peroneus longus tendon in relation to the 1st ray?

    <p>Plantarflexion of the 1st ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the wedge-shape of the middle and lateral cuneiforms?

    <p>Key stone effect within the medial cuneiform and cuboid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Hallux Rigidus?

    <p>A diminished range of motion and degenerative alterations of the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the normal parabola in the medial column?

    <p>It ensures that the 2nd metatarsal is longer than the 1st</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Windlass mechanism?

    <p>To maintain the integrity of the proximal phalangeal base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the medial cuneiform and cuboid?

    <p>The wedge-shape of the medial cuneiform and cuboid results in a key stone effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of not meeting the requirements for normal 1st MTPJ ROM?

    <p>Hallux limitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the degree of dorsiflexion reduction caused by a 1-inch heel?

    <p>20°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of immobilization of the 1st ray in dorsiflexion on the 1st MTPJ?

    <p>Decreases ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the condition where the hallux is unable to dorsiflex due to the blocking of the windlass mechanism?

    <p>Hallux equinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the windlass mechanism in the 1st MTPJ?

    <p>To assist in resupination of the subtalar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of functional hallux limitus?

    <p>Decreased dorsiflexion of the hallux only when the forefoot is loaded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of orthotic management in treating hallux rigidus?

    <p>To increase the ROM of the 1st MTPJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Morton's extension on the 1st MTPJ?

    <p>Decreases the ROM of the 1st MTPJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the reverse Morton's extension?

    <p>To allow the first ray to plantarflex more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of surgical treatment options for hallux rigidus?

    <p>To salvage the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication of a Stage 1 functional limitus in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

    <p>Limited dorsiflexion with weightbearing but normal ROM with non-weightbearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Stage 2 adaptation in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

    <p>Total ankylosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Stage 3 deterioration and Stage 4 ankylosis in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

    <p>Obliteration of joint space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for Stage 1 functional limitus in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

    <p>Joint-Salvage procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification is characterized by crepitus and subchondral cystic formation?

    <p>Stage 3 deterioration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic deformity seen in Stage 4 ankylosis in the Drago, Oloff, & Jacobs Classification?

    <p>Deformity/Malalignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

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