Hair, Skin, and Nail Disorders
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with melanoma?

  • Atypical lesions that are asymmetrical
  • Thickened wart-like patches (correct)
  • Colors that vary from black to blue
  • Irregular borders

    • What is a common risk factor for developing skin cancers, particularly melanoma?

  • Having more than 50 nevi (correct)
  • Dark complexion
  • Low exposure to sunlight
  • Living in a tropical climate

    • What feature distinguishes squamous cell carcinoma lesions from typical melanoma lesions?

  • Lesions appear red and scaly (correct)
  • Lesions are asymmetrical with irregular borders
  • Lesions have varied colors
  • Lesions exceed 6 mm in diameter

    • Which treatment option is specifically used for metastatic melanoma?

    <p>Chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of hair loss best aligns with male and female pattern baldness?

    <p>Hair loss begins at any age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes vitiligo?

    <p>Genetic disorder with lack of pigment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes melasma?

    <p>Dark patches on the skin primarily related to pregnancy and sun damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cellulitis primarily spread?

    <p>Direct contact with infected lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk factor for developing cellulitis?

    <p>Participating in contact sports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding albinism?

    <p>Can lead to photosensitivity due to lack of pigment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of skin cancer commonly develops from chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation?

    <p>Basal cell carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of skin lesions classified as pustules?

    <p>Raised lesions containing pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the appropriate initial treatment options for cellulitis?

    <p>Antibiotics and dressings with surgical debridement if necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for malignant melanoma?

    <p>Chronic acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant non-solar source of UV exposure linked to skin cancer risk?

    <p>Tanning beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skin cancer is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) exposure?

    <p>Squamous Cell Carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma?

    <p>Family and genetic history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly distinguishes between melanoma and basal cell carcinoma?

    <p>Melanoma is less common than basal cell carcinoma but more dangerous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is related to the development of skin cancer caused by long-term inflammation?

    <p>Chronic skin conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception regarding the prevention of melanoma?

    <p>Sunscreen can completely prevent skin cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common treatment approach for basal cell carcinoma?

    <p>Immediate surgical removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic is at a higher risk of developing melanoma?

    <p>Individuals with a family history of melanoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT associated with an increased risk of skin cancer?

    <p>Depressed immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum SPF recommended for daily use to help prevent skin cancers?

    <p>SPF 15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is NOT recommended for risk reduction in skin cancer?

    <p>Staying in the sun for extended periods without protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is commonly associated with individuals at higher risk of developing skin cancer?

    <p>Freckles and light hair color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by a loss of skin pigment and can sometimes increase the risk of skin damage from the sun?

    <p>Vitiligo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle choice has been shown to increase the risk of skin cancer?

    <p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a known effect of excessive sun exposure that can lead to skin cancer?

    <p>Sunburns and skin irregularities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique risk factor is associated with squamous cell carcinoma?

    <p>Inadequate niacin in diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an effective strategy for reducing skin cancer risk?

    <p>Tanning beds as a safe alternative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by hyperpigmentation often due to sun exposure and is not primarily associated with skin cancer risk?

    <p>Melasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hair, Skin, and Nail Disorders

    • Focus Areas: Normal integumentary functions, common skin/hair/nail disorders, risk factors, diagnostics, treatment, complications, conditions leading to death.
    • Module Terminology: Terms like pruritus, cyanosis, jaundice, erythema, excoriation, alopecia, urticaria, and nevi are crucial to memorize.
    • Integumentary System: The skin is the body's largest organ, acting as a physical barrier to protect underlying tissues from microorganisms, trauma, UV radiation, and dehydration.
    • Vital Roles: Temperature regulation, fluid/electrolyte balance, absorption/excretion, sensation, immunity, and vitamin D synthesis.
    • Nail Structure and Function: Nails protect fingers/toes, enhance dexterity, formed by dead matrix cells, and continuously grow. Nails can indicate systemic disorders.
    • Hair Structure and Function: Filamentous, keratinized structures from hair follicles in the dermis. Associated with sebaceous glands and the arrector pili muscles (related to thermoregulation and "goose bumps"). Hair has growth and resting cycles.
    • Sweat Glands: Two types: Eccrine (all over skin, regulate temperature) and apocrine (axilla and groin, oily secretions).
    • Think-Pair-Share (likely related to discussion, not study notes): Skin maintains temperature through mechanisms like shivering and sweating, provides a barrier, excretes/absorbs substances, and plays a role in immunity and vitamin D creation.
    • Skin as a Mirror: Medical conditions in other systems often have skin manifestations (e.g., immunological disorders). Skin changes like color or texture can signal other health problems.

    Diagnostic Tools

    • Skin scraping: Used to diagnose skin conditions.
    • Patch testing: Identifies skin allergies.
    • Biopsy: Tissue sample for analysis.
    • Wood's UV Light: Helps visually identify skin conditions.

    Common Skin Changes with Aging

    • Skin becomes thinner, loses elasticity, and has decreased ability to bounce back.
    • Skin lesions, dryness, and less turgor occur.
    • Hair becomes thinner, nails thicken and yellow/brittle.

    Skin Lesions (Primary and Secondary)

    • Primary: Macule, patch, papule, plaque, nodule, tumor, vesicle, bulla, wheal, pustule, cyst.
    • Secondary: Erosion, ulcer, scar, fissure.

    Skin Disorders (Examples)

    • Vitiligo, albinism, melasma, cellulitis, pressure ulcers, psoriasis, skin cancers, shingles.
    • Cultural Variations: Skin cancer susceptibility varies across different ethnicities.

    Hair Disorders

    • Pattern baldness (male and female).
    • Alopecia (sudden hair loss).

    Nail Disorders

    • Paronychia (inflammation of nail folds).
    • Onychomycosis (fungal infection of nail).

    Risk Factors for Skin Cancers

    • Sun exposure (including tanning beds), non-solar UV radiation, medical therapies, family/genetic history, moles, pigmentation irregularities, fair skin, age, male gender.

    Risk Reduction Strategies for Skin Cancer

    • Reduce sun exposure, use sunscreen (SPF 15 minimum daily, higher for sun exposure), wear protective clothing (long sleeves, wide-brimmed hats), avoid sunburns, protect eyes, and get regular skin checks.

    Skin Cancer Types

    • Malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. (Important to note differences in these types)

    Cellulitis and MRSA Infections

    • Common cause of skin infections (often via direct contact). Risk factors include recent hospitalization/care or contact sports. Characterized by a bump, redness, swelling, warmth, pus/drainage.

    Skin Injury/Pressure Ulcers

    • Referred to as pressure injuries. Found on bony prominences due to prolonged pressure reducing blood flow. Staging system (1-4) to classify severity.

    Cultural Variations in Skin Cancer

    • Some cultures (Asians) have lower skin cancer rates compared to others. Presentation may differ.

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    Hair, Skin, and Nail Disorders PDF

    Description

    Explore the complexities of hair, skin, and nail disorders in this comprehensive quiz. Cover vital functions of the integumentary system, common conditions, diagnostic techniques, and treatment options. Test your knowledge on essential terminology and the roles these body components play in overall health.

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