2 PRELIM (HAIR PRODUCTS)

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Questions and Answers

those that HELP TO CONTROL THE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR of the hair so that it can be maintained in a CONTROLLED AND DESIRABLE MANNER

Hair products

Hair is composed primarily of how many % OF PROTEINS

88%

Keratin

polypeptide chains

proteins is a SOURCE of what?

amino acids Signup and view all the answers

two types of HAIR PIGMENTS

Eumelanin Pheomelanin Signup and view all the answers

Both of these PIGMENTS ARE MELANIN TYPE, produced inside the hair follicle and packed into granules found in the fibers.

Hair color Signup and view all the answers

the dominant pigment in BROWN HAIR AND BLACK HAIR

Eumelanin Signup and view all the answers

dominant in RED HAIR

Pheomelanin Signup and view all the answers

why does FEMALE HAIR GROWS FASTER THAN MALE hair due to what?

estrogen Signup and view all the answers

2 Types of hair

Vellus hair Terminal hair Signup and view all the answers

SHORT, fine, downy, unpigmented hair on body

Vellus hair Signup and view all the answers

LONG, thick, pigmented hair found on scalp, legs, arms and body

Terminal hair Signup and view all the answers

in the shaft what is NOT AFFECTED when hair is treated

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

located in the middle. MOST AFFECTED when hair is treated.

The cortex Signup and view all the answers

OUTER PART of the shaft

The cuticle Signup and view all the answers

Three main layers of hair shaft:

◦ Cuticle ◦ Cortex ◦ medulla Signup and view all the answers

Is in the skin and EXTENDS DOWN TO THE DEEPER LAYERS of the skin.

It is surrounded by the hair follicle (a sheath of skin and connective tissue), which is also connected to a sebaceous gland.

Each hair follicle is attached to a tiny muscle (arrector pili) that can make the hair stand up

The root Signup and view all the answers

Consists of a SINGLE LAYER OF TRANSPARENT, scale-like cells that overlap like shingles on a roof.

Cuticle Signup and view all the answers

A fibrous protein core formed by ELONGATED CELLS CONTAINING MELANIN PIGMENT

Cortex Signup and view all the answers

The innermost layer also referred to as the PITH(CORE)of the hair and composed of round cells

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

HAIR LIFE CYCLE THAT Active growth period is 2-5 years BEFOREreplacement

Active growth phase (ANAGEN) Signup and view all the answers

HAIR LIFE SCYCLE that Lasts ONE OR TWO WEEKS and the hair follicle shrink about 80%.

Transition phase (CATAGEN) Signup and view all the answers

HAIR LIFE CYCLE: After 5 or 6 weeks, the dermal papilla reconnects to the base of the hair follicle and bloodstream.

The hair reenters the active-growth phase, and NEW HAIR BEGINS TO FORM

Resting phase (TELOGEN) Signup and view all the answers

also known as ANAGEN

Active growth phase Signup and view all the answers

also known as CATAGEN

Transition phase Signup and view all the answers

also known as TELOGEN

Resting phase Signup and view all the answers

This is part of the resting phase where the SHEDS AND A NEW HAIR CONTINUE TO GROW. Approximately 50-150 hairs can fall out considered to be normal hair shedding.

Exogen (New hair phase) Signup and view all the answers

◦ when the hair follicle constricts, MAKING IT HARDER TO GROW . ◦ The hair starts growing slower and not that long. ◦ Each cycle, becomes weaker, slower and gets weaker.

Miniaturisation Signup and view all the answers

Encourages collagen production that is RESPOSIBLE FOR THICKENING OF HAIR. ◦ can be effective in TREATING MALE PATTERN BALDNESS, both in preventing hair loss and promoting new hair growth.

PRP-Platelet rich plasma Signup and view all the answers

The word SHAMPOO IS DERIVED from what?

Hindustani champo Signup and view all the answers

Hair care product that is USED FOR THE REMOVAL OF OILS, DIRT, SKIN PARTICLESM DANDRUFF, environmental pollutants, and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair.

Shampoo Signup and view all the answers

Ideal properties of shampoo

◦ Smooth and shiny ◦ Produce foam ◦ No irritation ◦ Removes dirt completely ◦ Impart fragrance ◦ Readily removed Signup and view all the answers

Functions of shampoo

◦ Completely removes dirt ◦ Protects the hair ◦ Cleaning of hair ◦ Soothe the scalp ◦ Nourishment of hair ◦ Treating dandruff, lice or other scalp problems Signup and view all the answers

Classification of shampoo ◦ Based on appearance:

◦ Powder shampoo ◦ Liquid shampoo or solid creams ◦ Cream shampoo ◦ Oil shampoo ◦ miscellaneous: anti-dandruff, medicated shampoo Signup and view all the answers

Classification of shampoo

◦ Based on use: ◦ Conditioning shampoo ◦ Antidandruff shampoo ◦ Baby shampoo ◦ Balancing ◦ Clarifying Signup and view all the answers

is a product to ABSORT THE DIRT, oil, and grease of your scalp WITHOUT WASHING IT.

Dry shampoo Signup and view all the answers

They are usually made by USING DETERGENT OF LOW CLOUD POINT Alkanolamides can also be used in these preparations.

Clear Liquid shampoo Signup and view all the answers

are called LOTION SHAMPOOS which are MODIFICATIONS of clear liquid shampoos

Liquid cream shampoo Signup and view all the answers

have a PASTE LIKE CONSISTENCY and are packed in a collapsible tube; They find great use in hair salons

Cream shampoo Signup and view all the answers

contain MEDICINAL AGENTS. These agents treat the disorders of the scalp or hair.

Medicated shampoo Signup and view all the answers

give 3 examples of medicated shampoos

Anti-lice shampoo, Anti-dandruff shampoo, Anti-baldness shampoo Signup and view all the answers

◦ Initially they clean the hair (and scalp) and KEEP THEM SMOOTH AND LUTRUOS condition. ◦ They also prevent the sticking of hairs.

Conditioning shampoo Signup and view all the answers

to TREAT DANDRUFFand a certain scalp infection (seborrheic dermatitis).

Anti-dandruff shampoo Signup and view all the answers

products intended to cleanse the hair of infants and children under the age of three; ADVERTIZED AS TEAR - FREE PRODUCTS

Baby shampoo Signup and view all the answers

Performs on all hair types and delivers results that last; formulated to maintain the PERFECT HARMONY BETWEEN CLEANSING AND NOURISHING.

Balancing shampoo Signup and view all the answers

a deep cleanser that uses heavier surfactants—the soap-like ingredients—than regular shampoos to eliminate grease, product residue, and impurities from your scalp.

Clarifying shampoo Signup and view all the answers

How do I know if the product is a clarifying shampoo?

Sulfates, salicylic acid, and tea tree oil Signup and view all the answers

3 Composition of shampoo

Water; Surfactants; Thickening agents Signup and view all the answers

typically CONSIST OF AN AQUEOUS EMULSION OF SEVERAL SURFACTANTS, at least one of which will have strong detergent properties, and various additives to enhance cleansing performance or improve sensory attributes, one or more preservatives, and fragrance

Formulation Signup and view all the answers

USED FOR RETEXTURING THE HAIR; Products that deals with specific problems of the hair.

Hair tonic Signup and view all the answers

PURPOSE: cure, reduce and to restrain some abnormalities in the function of the scalp

Medicated products Signup and view all the answers

Viscous liquid that is applied to the hair and are usually USED AFTER WASHING THE HAIR WITH SHAMPOO

Conditioners Signup and view all the answers

GIVE 2 Purpose of hair conditioners

Restoring moisture; Hair should be manageable Signup and view all the answers

GIVE AT LEAST 2 Functions of hair conditioner

Non-irritant; Smooth and soften the hair Signup and view all the answers

3 main types of conditioners

Moisturizer Re-constructers Detanglers Signup and view all the answers

ORGANIC SOLVENT concentrated with HUMECTANT may NOT contain a protein

Moisturizer Signup and view all the answers

Contains proteins for hydrolyzation; Human hair keratin protein has a low molecular weight

Re-constructers Signup and view all the answers

ACIDIFIERS AND HAVE A LOW pH; close the cuticle of the hair, which causes tangles

Detanglers Signup and view all the answers

are the most common type of conditioner, worked through the ends of your hair, LEFT IN FOR A FEW MINUTES, AND RINSED OUT.

Rinse-out conditioner Signup and view all the answers

are GREAT FOR SMOOTHENING AND DE-TANGLING; These conditioners are light-weight, and can be used as a styling product to get your tresses silky and glossy

Leave-on conditioner Signup and view all the answers

Give at least 5 Composition of conditioners

Surfactants; Oily materials; Glossers; Humectant; Thickeners Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hair Structure and Composition

Hair is composed primarily of 80-90% proteins
Keratin is the main protein found in hair
Keratin is a source of strength, elasticity, and texture

Hair Pigments

Two types of hair pigments: eumelanin and pheomelanin
Both pigments are melanin type, produced inside the hair follicle and packed into granules found in the fibers
Eumelanin is the dominant pigment in brown and black hair
Pheomelanin is the dominant pigment in red hair

Hair Growth and Life Cycle

Female hair grows faster than male hair due to hormonal differences
There are two types of hair: vellus hair (short, fine, downy, and unpigmented) and terminal hair (long, thick, and pigmented)
The innermost layer of the hair shaft is the medulla (core) and is composed of round cells
Hair life cycle consists of three phases: anagen (active growth phase, lasts 2-5 years), catagen (transitional phase, lasts 1-2 weeks), and telogen (resting phase, lasts 3-4 months)
During the telogen phase, the hair follicle shrinks, and the hair starts growing slower and not as long

Shampoo

Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff, and environmental pollutants
Ideal properties of shampoo include cleansing, foaming, and conditioning
Functions of shampoo include cleaning, moisturizing, and protecting the hair
Classification of shampoo can be based on appearance, pH level, and composition
Examples of medicated shampoos include those that treat dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis

Conditioners

Purpose of hair conditioners is to retexture the hair, cure, reduce, and restrain some abnormalities in the function of the scalp
Functions of hair conditioners include moisturizing, nourishing, and protecting the hair
There are three main types of conditioners: leave-in, rinse-out, and deep conditioning
Composition of conditioners includes surfactants, humectants, proteins, and acidifiers
Examples of conditioners include moisturizing, nourishing, and leave-in conditioners

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