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Questions and Answers
Which structure forms the base of the hair follicle?
Which structure forms the base of the hair follicle?
- External Root Sheath
- Hair root (correct)
- Dermal Papilla
- Arrector Pili Muscle
Which layer of the hair root has densely packed, heavily keratinized cells surrounding the medulla?
Which layer of the hair root has densely packed, heavily keratinized cells surrounding the medulla?
- Cuticle
- Medulla
- Dermal Papilla
- Cortex (correct)
Which structure contains only the basal and spinous epidermal layers in the nail?
Which structure contains only the basal and spinous epidermal layers in the nail?
- Nail bed (correct)
- Nail plate
- Nail Matrix
- Nail root
Which gland produces sebum by terminal differentiation of sebocytes and secretes this oily substance onto hair in the follicles?
Which gland produces sebum by terminal differentiation of sebocytes and secretes this oily substance onto hair in the follicles?
Which type of gland produces sweat that is mostly water onto the skin surface, providing an important mechanism for cooling the body?
Which type of gland produces sweat that is mostly water onto the skin surface, providing an important mechanism for cooling the body?
Which structure pulls the hair shaft in an erect position?
Which structure pulls the hair shaft in an erect position?
Which type of cutaneous receptor is primarily responsible for detecting pressure or firm touch?
Which type of cutaneous receptor is primarily responsible for detecting pressure or firm touch?
Which of the following types of cutaneous receptors is known for its responsiveness to light-touch or low-frequency stimuli?
Which of the following types of cutaneous receptors is known for its responsiveness to light-touch or low-frequency stimuli?
Where are Krause end bulbs primarily found?
Where are Krause end bulbs primarily found?
Which type of cutaneous receptor is known for its sensitivity to stretch (tension) or twisting (torque) in the skin?
Which type of cutaneous receptor is known for its sensitivity to stretch (tension) or twisting (torque) in the skin?
Which of the following body parts has minimal hair according to the text?
Which of the following body parts has minimal hair according to the text?
What is the primary function of epidermal appendages?
What is the primary function of epidermal appendages?
What is the main function of lamellar granules in the epidermis?
What is the main function of lamellar granules in the epidermis?
Which layer of the epidermis consists of polyhedral cells actively synthesizing keratins?
Which layer of the epidermis consists of polyhedral cells actively synthesizing keratins?
In which layer of the epidermis do tonofibrils, forming spines between keratinocytes, exist?
In which layer of the epidermis do tonofibrils, forming spines between keratinocytes, exist?
Which type of cells are primarily responsible for providing germinal cells necessary for the regeneration of the epidermal layer?
Which type of cells are primarily responsible for providing germinal cells necessary for the regeneration of the epidermal layer?
Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells in contact with the basement membrane?
Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells in contact with the basement membrane?
Which type of epithelium makes up the epidermis?
Which type of epithelium makes up the epidermis?
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Study Notes
Hair Follicle and Hair Structure
- The base of the hair follicle is formed by the hair bulb.
- The cortex layer of the hair root contains densely packed, heavily keratinized cells surrounding the medulla.
Nail Structure
- The nail contains only the basal and spinous epidermal layers, responsible for nail growth.
Sebaceous and Sweat Glands
- Sebaceous glands produce sebum through the terminal differentiation of sebocytes, secreting this oily substance onto hair follicles.
- Eccrine glands produce sweat that is primarily composed of water, playing a crucial role in thermoregulation.
Hair Muscle and Cutaneous Receptors
- The arrector pili muscle pulls the hair shaft into an erect position.
- Pacinian corpuscles are cutaneous receptors mainly responsible for detecting pressure or firm touch.
- Meissner's corpuscles are sensitive to light-touch or low-frequency stimuli.
Krause End Bulbs and Skin Sensitivity
- Krause end bulbs are primarily located in the mucous membranes and some parts of the skin.
- Ruffini endings are cutaneous receptors sensitive to stretch (tension) or twisting (torque) in the skin.
Body Hair Distribution
- Areas like the palms of the hands and soles of the feet have minimal hair presence.
Function of Epidermal Appendages
- The primary function of epidermal appendages includes protection, sensation, and thermoregulation.
Granules and Epidermis Layers
- The main function of lamellar granules in the epidermis is to facilitate water barrier function and lipid secretion.
- The stratum spinosum layer consists of polyhedral cells actively synthesizing keratins.
- Tonofibrils, which create spines between keratinocytes, are found in the stratum spinosum.
Germinal and Epidermal Layers
- Basal cells are primarily responsible for providing germinal cells necessary for the regeneration of the epidermal layer.
- The stratum basale layer of the epidermis is characterized by a single layer of cuboidal to low columnar cells, in contact with the basement membrane.
Epidermis Composition
- The epidermis is made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
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