5.2.1 Equal opportunity, meritocracy and education

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The deficit story of equal opportunity assumes that social and economic inequality is a result of

natural results of deficient personal choices

What is the main argument of the text?

Equal opportunity perpetuates privilege and inequality

Educational reforms based on the concept of equal opportunity fail

individuals outside the structures of privilege

The deficit story of equal opportunity assumes that equal opportunity is

objective

The concept of equal opportunity serves to reinforce and reproduce structures of

privilege

The deficit story of equal opportunity disregards

systemic discrimination

Any social and economic inequality that exists is legitimized as reflecting

natural results of deficient personal choices

The deficit story of equal opportunity presupposes the inherent

sameness of all people

Educational reforms predicated on equal opportunity fail

marginalized groups

The deficit story of equal opportunity assumes that any inequities along race, class, or gender lines are due to

individual failures

Which author argues against competitive conceptions of equality of opportunity?

Paul Gomberg

Which author examines the way that conventional measures of merit do not predict performance, but do track race and social class?

Lani Guinier

Which author defends a version of the meritocratic conception of equality of opportunity, where merit is understood as the combination of both talent and effort?

David Miller

Which author argues that the meritocratic conception of equality of opportunity is mistaken and that we should instead be concerned with allocating jobs in accordance with luck egalitarianism and not merit or qualification?

Shlomi Segall

Which author examines the way that merit must be grounded in an idea of what a good human life and good society is?

Amartya Sen

Which author addresses the inequalities that follow from familial partiality and proposes a framework for thinking about which ways of transmitting advantage are legitimate and which are not?

Adam Swift

Which author defends the equal opportunity to contribute their talents to the production of certain social goods as a means to flourishing?

Paul Gomberg

Which author argues that underlying any notion of merit in the meritocratic conception of equality of opportunity is a notion of efficiency that cannot ground strong claims of desert?

Norman Daniels

Which author examines the concepts of human nature and human potential as they apply to the educational context?

Michael Dunlop Young

Which author examines the many values related to educational choice, including equality of opportunity, the value of education, parental partiality, and parents’ rights?

Adam Swift

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity requires that positions and goods be distributed solely in accordance with

Individual merit

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity is opposed to

Arbitrary discrimination

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity has limitations, especially with respect to

Children

If all the top university places are awarded to members of the upper class, enforcing Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity may

Preserve social inequalities

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity does not distribute opportunities to develop 'merit'

Equally

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity opposes discrimination based on

Arbitrary factors

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity is most commonly associated with the allocation of

Jobs

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity is welcomed for moving away from

Arbitrary discrimination

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity may be misplaced in the case of

Education

Meritocratic Equality of Opportunity may preserve social inequalities between members of different

Classes

Test your knowledge on the main arguments surrounding the deficit story of equal opportunity and its implications for social and economic inequality. Explore the concept's impact on educational reforms and structures of inequality.

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