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Questions and Answers
What defines a formal group?
What defines a formal group?
What is ingroup favoritism?
What is ingroup favoritism?
What does social identity threat refer to?
What does social identity threat refer to?
What illustrates role conflict?
What illustrates role conflict?
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What is a psychological contract?
What is a psychological contract?
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What causes social loafing in team settings?
What causes social loafing in team settings?
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Which of the following best describes norms within a group?
Which of the following best describes norms within a group?
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What is deviant workplace behavior?
What is deviant workplace behavior?
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What characterizes the punctuated-equilibrium model?
What characterizes the punctuated-equilibrium model?
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What influences role perception?
What influences role perception?
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Study Notes
Groups and Group Dynamics
- Groups are composed of two or more individuals working towards a shared objective, which can be formal or informal.
- Formal groups work towards organizational goals, guided by organizational expectations.
- Informal groups form due to social needs, influencing members' behaviour and performance.
- Social Identity Theory explains emotional responses to group success/failure, as seen in sports fans.
- Ingroup favoritism is the tendency for group members to view their own group more positively than other groups.
- Outgroup refers to a group perceived as opposite or antagonistic to the ingroup.
- Social identity threat is the belief that one will be judged negatively based on their group affiliation.
Group Models and Processes
- Punctuated-equilibrium model describes a group's progression through phases of inertia and activity, leading to transitions.
- Roles are sets of behaviours associated with social positions (e.g., husband, specific job role).
- Role perception is the individual's understanding of what is expected of them in a specific role.
- Role expectation is the perception of others regarding the behaviours expected of a specific role.
- Psychological contract is an unwritten agreement between employees and employers defining expectations.
Organizational Behaviour and Group Issues
- Role conflict arises when individuals face differing expectations for different roles they hold.
- Norms are shared expectations regarding acceptable behaviour within a group.
- Deviant workplace behaviour is voluntary behaviour violating organizational norms (e.g., working slowly).
- Social loafing is the tendency to exert less effort when working in a group.
- Group cohesiveness is the degree to which members feel connected and trust each other.
- Groupthink is a phenomenon where the desire for group consensus overrides critical evaluation.
- Groupshift refers to the tendency for group decisions to be more extreme than individual decisions.
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Description
Explore the concepts of groups and group dynamics, including the distinctions between formal and informal groups. Delve into theories such as Social Identity Theory and the Punctuated-equilibrium model that explain member behaviors and group processes. Understand the implications of ingroup favoritism and social identity threat in social settings.
