Chapter 3

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80 Questions

What does VOC stand for in the context of facilitated workshops?

Voice of the Customer

Which technique involves classifying a large number of ideas into different groups using specific criteria?

Affinity Diagram

What is the primary purpose of Brainstorming in group environments?

To gather ideas for problem solutions without immediate evaluation

In facilitated workshops, what is the main focus of the technique known as Mind Mapping?

Visual organization of information

Which group creativity technique specifically targets identifying project and product requirements?

Affinity Diagram

What is idea/mind mapping?

An individual brainstorming technique mapping ideas around a central concept

What is the main purpose of the Delphi technique?

To reach a consensus among experts anonymously

What is the purpose of a requirements traceability matrix?

To trace each requirement back to its origin

How does the nominal group technique differ from idea/mind mapping?

By using voting to rank generated ideas

Which element of the requirements management plan deals with the process and criteria to prioritize the requirements?

Prioritization

Apart from project management, where else can idea/mind mapping be used?

In personal, family, and education areas

How does linking a requirement to a business objective add value?

It underlines the requirement's value

Which brainstorming technique involves a facilitator summarizing all responses and recirculating them back to experts?

Delphi technique

What is the main purpose of using a requirements management plan?

To document and analyze requirements throughout the project life

Which tool is commonly used to trace and track requirements throughout a project?

Requirements traceability matrix

What is the key to efficient decomposition in a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

Necessary and sufficient decomposition

What does excessive decomposition of work in a WBS lead to?

Inefficient use of management and other resources

What is the lowest level of decomposition in a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)?

Work packages

Which concept refers to handling deliverables that cannot be fully decomposed due to lack of details?

Rolling wave planning

How are lower-level components verified during the decomposition process?

By ensuring they are necessary and sufficient for higher-level deliverables

What is a technique for subdividing project deliverables into smaller, manageable tasks called work packages?

Decomposition

What is a hierarchical structure with work packages at the lowest level of each branch?

WBS

What can be used as a starting point for creating the WBS to avoid duplicating work?

Templates

In the context of creating a WBS, what are the lines and boxes referred to as in the hierarchical structure?

Branches and nodes

Which technique involves preparing templates to be used as a starting point for the WBS?

Idea/mind mapping

What decision-making method involves a single person having the authority to make the decision?

Dictatorship

Which decision-making method requires a decision to be supported by more than 50% of the group members?

Majority

What is the decision-making method where the alternative with the most support wins, even if it does not have a majority?

Plurality

What is a prototype primarily used for in organizations?

To develop proof of concept

In group decision-making, what method requires unanimous agreement for a decision to be made?

Unanimity

What is the purpose of using observations as a technique in collecting requirements?

To directly observe users interacting with the product or process

Which document contains information about the influence level of stakeholders?

Stakeholder register

What is the main purpose of job shadowing as a technique in collecting requirements?

To observe users in real-world situations

Which technique involves gathering requirements by directly observing users using the product or performing the process?

Observations

What type of technique involves a group of individuals coming together to generate and prioritize ideas?

Group creativity techniques

In the context of collecting requirements, what is the main purpose of group creativity techniques?

To generate ideas collaboratively within a group

Which technique involves watching users interact with the product or process in the real world?

Job shadowing

'Brainstorming' is a technique that primarily focuses on:

Collaborative idea generation and creativity within a group

'Affinity diagram' is a technique that is primarily used for:

Collaboratively organizing and grouping ideas or requirements into categories

Which technique involves visually representing ideas and concepts to show relationships between them?

Idea/mind mapping

Product analysis involves techniques such as product breakdown, requirements analysis, and system engineering.

True

Facilitated workshops are not used in defining the project scope.

False

Expert judgment is not utilized in developing parts of the detailed project scope.

False

The project scope statement is not considered a component of the baseline used to manage change requests.

False

The output of the Define Scope process does not require any approved changes or updates to project documents.

False

Interviews are typically performed by asking predetermined and on-the-spot questions.

True

Questionnaires and surveys are more suitable when you want to cover a large number of respondents quickly.

True

A facilitated workshop focuses on bringing together cross-functional stakeholders to define product requirements.

True

Focus groups consist of prequalified individuals brought together to learn about their opinions and attitudes about a product.

True

A moderator in a focus group facilitates interactive discussions to make the experience more conversational than one-on-one interviews.

True

Decomposition is a technique for combining project deliverables into larger tasks.

False

Organizational process assets such as previous project files are not helpful in creating the WBS.

False

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a hierarchical structure with work packages at the highest level of each branch.

False

Different organizations may generate a WBS in the same way based on their needs.

False

Templates can be used as a starting point for WBS to prevent the duplication of work.

True

The Delphi technique involves experts sharing their ideas and preferences anonymously.

True

Brainstorming is a technique primarily used in project management only.

False

Idea/mind mapping is a group brainstorming technique.

False

The nominal group technique involves ranking ideas generated by voting.

True

Facilitated workshops focus on idea/mind mapping as the main technique for requirements collection.

False

In creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), excessive decomposition can lead to inefficient use of management and other resources.

True

During decomposition, work components are defined in terms of how the project work will be executed and controlled.

True

Product analysis may involve techniques like product breakdown, requirements analysis, and system engineering.

True

Expert judgment is not utilized in developing parts of the detailed project scope.

False

Facilitated workshops involve techniques such as Mind Mapping to visually represent ideas and concepts.

True

Observations is a technique where requirements are gathered by directly observing the user using the product or performing the process.

True

Focus groups are primarily used to generate and prioritize ideas individually.

False

Facilitated workshops do not involve bringing cross-functional stakeholders together to define product requirements.

False

Expert judgment is commonly utilized in developing parts of the detailed project scope.

True

Product analysis involves techniques such as system engineering, requirements analysis, and brainstorming.

False

Requirements analysis is a technique that visually represents ideas and concepts.

False

System analysis is mainly used for handling deliverables that can be fully decomposed due to lack of details.

False

In facilitated workshops, group creativity techniques are not used to identify project and product requirements.

False

A moderator in a focus group facilitates interactive discussions to make the experience more one-on-one like interviews.

False

Requirements analysis does not involve the process of analyzing, documenting, validating, and managing requirements.

False

Joint Application Design is abbreviated as JAD in the software development industry.

True

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a technique primarily used in the software development industry.

False

Affinity diagram is a technique used to classify a large number of ideas into different groups based on criteria.

True

Brainstorming involves immediate evaluation of ideas to find solutions to a problem.

False

Joint Application Development workshops focus on bringing together software users and manufacturers.

False

Study Notes

  • Joint Application Development (JAD) workshops are commonly used in software development to bring together users and developers to improve the software development process.
  • Quality Function Deployment (QFD) workshops in the manufacturing industry help determine critical characteristics of new products to be developed.
  • Voice of the Customer (VOC) is the initial step in QFD workshops, focusing on collecting and understanding customer needs.
  • Group creativity techniques like Affinity Diagram and Brainstorming are used to identify project requirements effectively and efficiently.
  • Brainstorming techniques include Idea/Mind Mapping, Nominal Group Technique, and Delphi Technique for idea generation and ranking.
  • Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is created through decomposition, subdividing project deliverables into manageable tasks called work packages.
  • Requirements Management Plan includes elements like prioritization, configuration management, reporting, and traceability of requirements.

Test your knowledge on group decision-making techniques and methods used to collectively assess and evaluate alternatives, prioritize project requirements, and reach decisions. This quiz covers topics such as dictatorship method and identifying/generating requirements.

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