Gross Anatomy Sample Exam

An osteon is the basic functional unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.

Midsagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves.

Contains blood vessels and nerves supplying the bone tissue.

Used for describing body sections and positions.

A horizontal plane.

The hyoid bone is the bone in the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone.

The frontal bone forms the forehead.

Groove is an anatomical landmark.

Sesamoid bones are the least common type of bone.

The navicular bone is found in the lower limb.

Pubic symphysis instability is a primary concern with an anterior pelvis injury.

The Glenoid labrum is a structure that provides stability in the shoulder joint.

The trochoid is a synovial joint that permits rotation around a single axis.

Enarthroses joints permit movement on multiple axes. This type of synovial joint offers the widest range of motion.

Synovial fluid reduces friction in synovial joints.

A saddle joint.

Type IIb fibers are primarily used during high-intensity workouts.

Type I (slow-twitch) muscle fibers are most resistant to fatigue.

Concentric contraction is observed in biceps curls.

Perimysium.

Type I Muscle Fibers are used in activities requiring sustained effort.

Inhibition of muscle contraction.

Glenoid cavity.

Deltoid tuberosity is a feature of the humerus.

Acromion of the scapula.

Saddle joint

The glenoid labrum provides support for the shoulder joint head.

Supraspinatus

The basic functional unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.

The hollow center of an osteon, containing blood vessels and nerves.

A vertical plane dividing the body into equal left and right halves.

Used for describing body sections and positions.

A slice of the body perpendicular to the long axis.

The only bone in the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone.

Forms the forehead.

Small, rounded bones embedded within tendons, increasing tendon efficiency.

A tarsal bone found in the foot.

Cartilaginous joint connecting the left and right pubic bones.

A rim of cartilage around the glenoid cavity, providing stability to the shoulder joint.

A pivot joint allowing rotation around a single axis.

A ball-and-socket joint, allowing movement in multiple planes.

Lubricates and nourishes joint surfaces, reducing friction.

A synovial joint allowing biaxial movement—like a saddle.

Fast-twitch glycolytic fibers, used for powerful, short-duration contractions.

Slow-twitch oxidative fibers, used for endurance activities.

Muscle shortening while generating force.

Connective tissue layer surrounding muscle fascicles.

A bump on the humerus, where the deltoid muscle attaches.

The bony projection on the scapula, forming part of the shoulder joint.

A shallow depression on the scapula that articulates with the humeral head.

A rotator cuff muscle that helps with shoulder abduction.

A bony projection on the scapula, providing attachment for muscles.

The prime mover of elbow flexion.

A small bump on the scapula, providing attachment for the long head of the triceps brachii.