Questions and Answers
Which forms of Greek columns represent classical architecture?
What type of column is really heavy and has no true base?
Doric column
What type of column has a curved scroll design and is greater in elegance?
Ionic column
The Corinthian column is rare in _______________ but is common in _________________.
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What type of ornate column is decorated with acanthus leaves?
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Does the Greek Corinthian column have a single layer of acanthus leaves?
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Does the Roman Corinthian column have a single layer of acanthus leaves?
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What type of column is tapering, massive, and the heaviest in appearance?
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Match the following parts of an entablature:
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What is the triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture called?
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Where were most Greek buildings, temples, and homes usually located?
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Where was the acropolis usually located?
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What is the image showing?
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What type of column does Monticello have?
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What temple is known for its historical significance?
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Any monumental gateway in Greek architecture is known as a/an ______________.
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What sculptures did Thomas Bruce, the 7th Earl of Elgin, take in 1801?
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What part of the entablature were the Elgin marbles primarily part of?
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Which Greek order is present at the Supreme Court Building?
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Which Greek order is shown at the Thomas Jefferson memorial?
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Which Greek order is present at the Lincoln Memorial?
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What is the Tuscan column a simplified version of?
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Study Notes
Greek Architectural Orders
- Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian are the three principal styles of Greek columns, foundational to classical architecture.
- Doric columns are robust, tapering, and characterized by a plain capital; they rest directly on the floor without a base.
- Ionic columns feature a distinctive curved scroll design, a base, and possess a more elegant appearance compared to Doric columns.
- The Corinthian column is less common in Greece but prevalent in Roman architecture, known for its ornate design and acanthus leaf decoration.
Column Characteristics
- The Corinthian column typically has a single layer of acanthus leaves in Greek architecture, while Roman versions have multiple layers.
- Doric columns are characterized by their massive design and minimal capital decoration, emphasizing their heavy appearance.
Entablature Components
- An entablature consists of three layers: Architrave (main beam above columns), Frieze (ornamental middle band), and Cornice (topmost horizontal section).
Architectural Features
- The pediment of a temple is a triangular space that often displays sculptures.
- Acropolises, characterized by their elevated locations, house significant Greek buildings made from mud bricks.
Historical Context
- Elgin marbles, taken by Thomas Bruce in 1801 from significant Greek structures, continue to spark controversy regarding their return to Greece.
- The Metopes, part of the Parthenon's frieze, were adorned with intricate reliefs and were largely removed by Elgin.
Notable Structures and Orders
- Monticello features a modified Doric order, incorporating bases into its columns.
- The Parthenon is a quintessential temple of classical architecture.
- The Supreme Court Building exemplifies the Corinthian order, whereas the Thomas Jefferson Memorial showcases the Ionic order and the Lincoln Memorial reflects the Doric style.
Additional Column Style
- The Tuscan Column is a simplified version of the Doric order, with un-fluted columns and a basic entablature devoid of triglyphs or guttae. It is distinct from the classical orders established by Vitruvius.
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Description
Explore the foundations of classical architecture through the study of the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian column types in this Humanities 1 flashcard quiz. Understand their unique characteristics and historical significance in ancient Greece and Rome.
