Granulomatous Inflammation Overview

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What is the distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation seen in hand granulomatous inflammation?

Lymphocytic infiltrate

Activated macrophages with epithelioid appearance (correct)

Chronic inflammation with eosinophils

Acute inflammation with neutrophils

Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential cause of hand granulomatous inflammation?

Foreign bodies like endogenous talc

Specific infections like mycobacteria

Viral infections (correct)

Unknown causes like sarcoidosis

What type of cells are commonly found in a focal area of granulomatous inflammation?

Neutrophils

Epithelioid cells and giant cells (correct)

Plasma cells

T cells

In hand granuloma, what are epithelioid histiocytes known for?

Abundant pink granular cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of giant cells in hand granuloma?

Multinucleation due to fusion of macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which type of giant cell is specifically associated with tuberculosis or foreign body reactions?

Langhans giant cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the main player in chronic inflammation?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which type of monocytes migrate to tissues and differentiate into macrophages?

Blood monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of IFN-y in macrophage activation?

Induce classical (M1) macrophage activation Signup and view all the answers

What is a hallmark of chronic inflammation?

Inducing considerable tissue destruction Signup and view all the answers

How do activated lymphocytes and macrophages affect each other in the inflammatory response?

Stimulate each other and release mediators Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation involves the formation of granulomas?

Chronic inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What are the main characteristics of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

Active inflammation, attempts at healing by connective tissue, and tissue destruction Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the histological features of active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

Increased neutrophils count Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is mentioned by Dr. C.Hand as an example of primary chronic inflammation?

Tuberculosis (TB) Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic inflammation typically progress from acute inflammation?

By proliferation of fibroblasts and small blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macrophages in chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

To play a part in tissue destruction Signup and view all the answers

What are the common cells present during active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which fever is induced in response to pyrogens like LPS?

Elevated levels of TNF and IL-1 leading to increased prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

Which acute-phase protein acts as an opsonin by binding to microbial cells to aid in their elimination?

C-reactive protein (CRP) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of inflammation, what is the main cellular infiltrate seen in acute inflammation?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation is characterized by mild and self-limited tissue injury, usually with fast onset?

Acute inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature that distinguishes granulomatous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

Presence of multinucleated giant cells Signup and view all the answers

Which setting is most likely to lead to serous inflammation?

Blister formation Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation is characterized by the outpouring of thin fluid, such as serum, from serous cavities?

Fibrinous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation involves the accumulation of modified macrophages known as epithelioid cells?

Granulomatous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation involves the exudation of large amounts of plasma proteins, including fibrinogen?

Fibrinous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation is associated with the formation of an ulcer?

Necrotising inflammation Signup and view all the answers

In which type of inflammation might one observe a collection of serous effusion separating the epidermis from the dermis?

Serous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation is characterized by accumulations of stringy pale fibrin?

Fibrinous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What are the main characteristics of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

Active inflammation, attempts at healing by connective tissue, tissue destruction Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

Primary diseases like Tuberculosis and Rheumatoid arthritis Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic inflammation typically differ from acute inflammation?

Chronic inflammation shows attempts at healing by connective tissue, while acute inflammation does not Signup and view all the answers

What histological feature is associated with active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

Proliferation of fibroblasts and small blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation can progress from acute inflammation and involve recurrent episodes?

Primary chronic inflammation Signup and view all the answers

In chronic inflammation, what cell types are commonly present and contribute to the ongoing inflammatory process?

Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of oxygen metabolites secreted by macrophages in chronic inflammation?

Exhibit cytotoxic effects on invaders Signup and view all the answers

In chronic inflammation, which type of macrophage activation involves the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)?

Classical (M1) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reciprocal relationship between lymphocytes and macrophages in the context of inflammatory responses?

They stimulate each other's activation and release mediators that affect other cells Signup and view all the answers

What role do growth factors secreted by macrophages play in chronic inflammation?

Attracting fibroblasts for tissue repair Signup and view all the answers

Which type of monocytes migrate to tissues and differentiate into macrophages in chronic inflammation?

Blood monocytes Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of proteases secreted by macrophages in chronic inflammation?

Breaking down extracellular matrix (ECM) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main histological feature seen in fibrinous pericarditis?

Deposits of fibrin on pericardium Signup and view all the answers

In suppurative inflammation, what is the primary component of the abscess?

Neutrophils and cellular debris Signup and view all the answers

What defines an ulcer in the context of inflammation?

Acute inflammatory exudate in the crater Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of an empyema?

Hollow area filled with pus Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fibrinous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

Precipitation of masses of fibrin Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation involves a pink meshwork of fibrin exudate overlying a surface?

Fibrinous pericarditis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflammation involves the formation of necrotizing and gangrenous tissues?

Granulomatous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining feature of an abscess in purulent inflammation?

Pus filled with neutrophils and cellular debris Signup and view all the answers

What cellular infiltrate is common in serous inflammation?

Mesothelial cells Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is not typically seen in granulomatous inflammation?

Presence of serous effusion Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of fibrinous inflammation in the body cavities?

Pericarditis with strands of fibrin Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes serous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

Outpouring of thin fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cellular infiltrate in acute inflammation?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is elevated in acute-phase response and acts as an opsonin by binding to microbial cells for elimination?

C-reactive protein (CRP) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature that distinguishes chronic from acute inflammation?

Presence of macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which factor released by microbes induces the response leading to fever by increasing prostaglandins?

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation is characterized by the accumulation of stringy pale fibrin?

Fibrinous inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which cytokines are responsible for inducing the constitutional symptoms like malaise and somnolence observed during inflammation?

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1) Signup and view all the answers

Granulomatous Inflammation Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation seen in hand granulomatous inflammation?

Which of the following is NOT listed as a potential cause of hand granulomatous inflammation?

What type of cells are commonly found in a focal area of granulomatous inflammation?

In hand granuloma, what are epithelioid histiocytes known for?

What is a characteristic feature of giant cells in hand granuloma?

Which type of giant cell is specifically associated with tuberculosis or foreign body reactions?

What is the main player in chronic inflammation?

Which type of monocytes migrate to tissues and differentiate into macrophages?

What is the function of IFN-y in macrophage activation?

What is a hallmark of chronic inflammation?

How do activated lymphocytes and macrophages affect each other in the inflammatory response?

What type of inflammation involves the formation of granulomas?

What are the main characteristics of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

What is one of the histological features of active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

Which disease is mentioned by Dr. C.Hand as an example of primary chronic inflammation?

How does chronic inflammation typically progress from acute inflammation?

What is the role of macrophages in chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

What are the common cells present during active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

What is the primary mechanism by which fever is induced in response to pyrogens like LPS?

Which acute-phase protein acts as an opsonin by binding to microbial cells to aid in their elimination?

In the context of inflammation, what is the main cellular infiltrate seen in acute inflammation?

Which type of inflammation is characterized by mild and self-limited tissue injury, usually with fast onset?

What is the primary feature that distinguishes granulomatous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

Which setting is most likely to lead to serous inflammation?

What type of inflammation is characterized by the outpouring of thin fluid, such as serum, from serous cavities?

What type of inflammation involves the accumulation of modified macrophages known as epithelioid cells?

Which type of inflammation involves the exudation of large amounts of plasma proteins, including fibrinogen?

What type of inflammation is associated with the formation of an ulcer?

In which type of inflammation might one observe a collection of serous effusion separating the epidermis from the dermis?

Which type of inflammation is characterized by accumulations of stringy pale fibrin?

What are the main characteristics of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

What is a primary cause of chronic inflammation according to Dr. C.Hand?

How does chronic inflammation typically differ from acute inflammation?

What histological feature is associated with active inflammation in chronic inflammation?

Which type of inflammation can progress from acute inflammation and involve recurrent episodes?

In chronic inflammation, what cell types are commonly present and contribute to the ongoing inflammatory process?

What is the main function of oxygen metabolites secreted by macrophages in chronic inflammation?

In chronic inflammation, which type of macrophage activation involves the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)?

What is the reciprocal relationship between lymphocytes and macrophages in the context of inflammatory responses?

What role do growth factors secreted by macrophages play in chronic inflammation?

Which type of monocytes migrate to tissues and differentiate into macrophages in chronic inflammation?

What are the main functions of proteases secreted by macrophages in chronic inflammation?

What is the main histological feature seen in fibrinous pericarditis?

In suppurative inflammation, what is the primary component of the abscess?

What defines an ulcer in the context of inflammation?

What is the main characteristic of an empyema?

What distinguishes fibrinous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

Which type of inflammation involves a pink meshwork of fibrin exudate overlying a surface?

Which type of inflammation involves the formation of necrotizing and gangrenous tissues?

What is the defining feature of an abscess in purulent inflammation?

What cellular infiltrate is common in serous inflammation?

Which characteristic is not typically seen in granulomatous inflammation?

What is a potential outcome of fibrinous inflammation in the body cavities?

What distinguishes serous inflammation from other types of inflammation?

What is the primary cellular infiltrate in acute inflammation?

Which of the following is elevated in acute-phase response and acts as an opsonin by binding to microbial cells for elimination?

What is a key feature that distinguishes chronic from acute inflammation?

Which factor released by microbes induces the response leading to fever by increasing prostaglandins?

What type of inflammation is characterized by the accumulation of stringy pale fibrin?

Which cytokines are responsible for inducing the constitutional symptoms like malaise and somnolence observed during inflammation?

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