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Questions and Answers
What is agriculture?
What is agriculture?
The deliberate cultivation of crops and rearing of animals for food production and survival of societies.
Who are hunter-gatherers?
Who are hunter-gatherers?
Pre-agricultural societies that relied on hunting animals and gathering plants for food.
What is domestication of animals?
What is domestication of animals?
The early practice of taming and breeding animals primarily for food production.
What is shifting cultivation?
What is shifting cultivation?
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What is settled agriculture?
What is settled agriculture?
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What is subsistence farming?
What is subsistence farming?
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When were the origins of agriculture?
When were the origins of agriculture?
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What are factors influencing plant selection?
What are factors influencing plant selection?
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What were significant food sources for hunter-gatherers?
What were significant food sources for hunter-gatherers?
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What were oil sources for hunter-gatherers?
What were oil sources for hunter-gatherers?
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What is the role of agriculture?
What is the role of agriculture?
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What are factors influencing crop production?
What are factors influencing crop production?
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What are the steps in the agricultural process?
What are the steps in the agricultural process?
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What are current technological advancements in agriculture?
What are current technological advancements in agriculture?
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What are the eras of agriculture in industrialized regions?
What are the eras of agriculture in industrialized regions?
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Characterize the Mechanical Era of agriculture.
Characterize the Mechanical Era of agriculture.
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Characterize the Chemical Era of agriculture.
Characterize the Chemical Era of agriculture.
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Characterize the Biotechnology/Information Technology Era.
Characterize the Biotechnology/Information Technology Era.
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What are the major crops in Ethiopia?
What are the major crops in Ethiopia?
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What are factors influencing soil degradation?
What are factors influencing soil degradation?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Agriculture
- Agriculture is the intentional cultivation of crops and livestock for food production and societal sustenance.
- Hunter-gatherers refer to pre-agricultural populations that depended on hunting animals and foraging plants for nourishment.
Key Agricultural Concepts
- Domestication: Involves taming and breeding animals primarily for food purposes.
- Shifting Cultivation: A method where land is cleared, cultivated for a few years, then abandoned for new land.
- Settled Agriculture: Continual cultivation of the same land over an extended duration for crops and livestock.
- Subsistence Farming: Produces food strictly for household consumption, with no surplus for trade.
History of Agriculture
- The origins of agriculture are ambiguous, evolving gradually over a long timeframe without a specific origin date or location.
Plant Selection Factors
- Key features impacting plant selection include harvest ease, availability, transport facilities, predictability, seasonal distribution, climatic adaptability, flavor, and grain size.
Hunter-Gatherer Food Sources
- Significant food sources included wild onions, sweet potatoes, and certain plants like coconut, oil palm, and olive.
Role of Agriculture
- Agriculture serves society by providing food, livestock feed, and raw materials for various goods.
Influences on Crop Production
- Crop production is affected by the crop type and the environmental conditions under which it is cultivated.
Steps in Agricultural Process
- Essential steps include selecting crop species, preparing land, timely planting, crop protection, and employing productivity-enhancing techniques.
Technological Advancements in Agriculture
- Innovations in agriculture have improved seed quality, farming practices, storage, and harvesting through machinery, agrochemicals, irrigation, biotechnology, and genetic enhancements.
Eras of Agriculture in Industrialized Regions
- Agricultural development is categorized into three distinct eras:
- Mechanical Era: Marked by the adoption of machinery (e.g., tractors) for various farming operations.
- Chemical Era: Characterized by widespread agricultural chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) to enhance crop productivity.
- Biotechnology/Information Technology Era: Focuses on genetic plant improvement, precision farming, and sophisticated data analysis for productivity and sustainability.
Major Crops in Ethiopia
- Key crops in Ethiopia include Teff, wheat, maize, sorghum, and barley, which collectively account for about 75% of agricultural land use.
Factors Influencing Soil Degradation
- Traditional agricultural practices with limited technological advancements often contribute to soil degradation and reduced productivity.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of crop production as introduced in Unit One for Grade 11 Agriculture. It includes key information about agriculture, its definition, and the transition from hunter-gatherer societies. Reviewing the associated lectures is recommended for a better understanding.