Grade 1 Mathematics

• General Mathematics encompasses a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills developed progressively from grades 1 through 11.
• This includes number sense, operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis.
• Each grade level builds upon previously learned concepts to achieve a deeper understanding.

Grade 1 Mathematics

• Focuses on foundational number sense and basic operations.
• Counting and cardinality are emphasized, including counting to 100 by ones and tens.
• Students learn to write numbers from 0 to 20 and represent a number of objects with a written numeral.
• Understanding place value begins with recognizing that 11-19 are composed of ten ones and some further ones.
• Addition and subtraction within 20 are introduced, using objects, drawings, and equations.
• Students learn to solve word problems involving adding to, taking from, putting together, and taking apart.
• Measurement involves comparing lengths and weights of objects.
• Geometry includes identifying and describing basic shapes such as circles, squares, triangles, rectangles, and cubes.

Grade 2 Mathematics

• Extends number sense to larger numbers and introduces more complex operations.
• Students count within 1000 and skip-count by 5s, 10s, and 100s.
• Place value understanding is extended to hundreds, tens, and ones.
• Addition and subtraction within 100 become fluent, and strategies are developed for adding and subtracting numbers up to 1000.
• Measurement includes using standard units such as inches, feet, centimeters, and meters.
• Time is introduced to the nearest five minutes, and money is explored with coin values.
• Geometry focuses on identifying and drawing shapes with specific attributes, as well as partitioning rectangles into equal squares.

Grade 3 Mathematics

• Introduces multiplication and division, alongside more advanced concepts in addition and subtraction.
• Students develop fluency with multiplication and division facts within 100.
• Problem-solving includes using all four operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) to solve one- and two-step word problems.
• Fractions are introduced, focusing on unit fractions with denominators of 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
• Measurement includes telling time to the nearest minute and solving problems involving elapsed time.
• Area and perimeter of rectangles are explored.
• Geometry includes categorizing shapes based on their attributes and understanding concepts of area.

Grade 4 Mathematics

• Expands understanding of multi-digit arithmetic and introduces fraction equivalence and operations.
• Students develop fluency with multi-digit addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
• Fraction equivalence and comparison are taught, including ordering fractions with different numerators and denominators.
• Addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators are introduced.
• Decimal notation is introduced for fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
• Measurement includes converting units within a given measurement system (e.g., centimeters to meters).
• Geometry includes classifying angles as acute, obtuse, or right, and identifying lines of symmetry in two-dimensional figures.

Grade 5 Mathematics

• Focuses on fluency with fraction operations and introduces volume.
• Students add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions, including mixed numbers.
• Decimal operations are extended to hundredths.
• Volume is introduced as an attribute of solid figures, and students learn to measure volume by counting unit cubes.
• Coordinate planes are introduced, and students learn to plot points and interpret coordinate values in the context of real-world and mathematical problems.
• Measurement includes converting units within the metric and customary systems.

Grade 6 Mathematics

• Focuses on ratio and proportional reasoning, as well as early algebraic concepts.
• Students understand the concept of a ratio and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.
• Unit rates are introduced and used to solve problems involving speed, price, and measurement conversions.
• Percentages are introduced as a ratio out of 100 and used to solve problems.
• Integer concepts are introduced, and students learn to perform operations with integers.
• Algebraic expressions and equations are introduced, and students learn to simplify expressions and solve one-variable equations.
• Geometry includes finding the area of triangles, special quadrilaterals, and polygons by composing into rectangles or decomposing into triangles.

Grade 7 Mathematics

• Extends proportional reasoning and introduces more advanced algebraic concepts.
• Students analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world problems.
• Operations with rational numbers are mastered.
• Algebraic expressions and equations are further developed, including solving multi-step equations and inequalities.
• Geometric concepts include scale drawings, angle relationships, and properties of circles.
• Statistics and probability are introduced including measures of central tendency

Grade 8 Mathematics

• Focuses on linear functions, systems of equations, and geometric transformations.
• Students understand linear functions and their properties, including slope and y-intercept.
• Systems of linear equations are solved graphically and algebraically.
• Geometric transformations such as translations, rotations, and reflections are explored.
• The Pythagorean theorem is introduced and used to solve problems involving right triangles.
• Introduction to irrational numbers

Grade 9 Mathematics (Algebra I)

• Introduces the fundamental concepts of algebra.
• Students solve linear equations and inequalities, including compound inequalities and absolute value equations.
• Linear functions are studied in detail, including graphing, writing equations, and interpreting slope and intercepts.
• Systems of linear equations and inequalities are solved using various methods.
• Exponential functions are introduced, including exponential growth and decay models.
• Polynomials are manipulated, including adding, subtracting, multiplying, and factoring.
• Quadratic equations are solved using factoring, completing the square, and the quadratic formula.

Grade 10 Mathematics (Geometry)

• Focuses on geometric reasoning, proofs, and applications.
• Students learn about geometric figures, including lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles.
• Geometric proofs are constructed using postulates, theorems, and definitions.
• Transformations are studied in depth, including congruence and similarity transformations.
• Trigonometry is introduced, including sine, cosine, and tangent ratios.
• Area and volume of geometric figures are calculated.
• Coordinate geometry is used to analyze geometric relationships.

Grade 11 Mathematics (Algebra II)

• Extends the concepts of algebra I and introduces more advanced topics.
• Functions are studied in detail, including polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions.
• Complex numbers are introduced and used to solve equations.
• Trigonometric functions are explored, including graphs, identities, and equations.
• Sequence and series are introduced
• Probability and statistics are covered, including permutations, combinations, and probability distributions.
• Matrices are introduced and used to solve systems of equations.