Questions and Answers
What are the main functions of federal and state governments?
The main function of the federal government is creating laws and regulation and making sure they are being followed among all states. The main function of state governments is to take care of state matters such as education, healthcare, etc. and enforce policies for the good of citizens.
Describe the disadvantages and advantages of federalism.
The disadvantages of federalism include different versions of programs between states, unequal spending between states resulting in people from different states benefiting more than others in certain areas. The advantages include protection from tyranny, spreading power among the three branches of government, and increasing the power that citizens hold.
Discuss how the federal government shapes the actions of state and local governments.
The federal government shapes state and local government actions by the amount of money it distributes to them. State and local governments depend on that funding for certain programs.
What are the main differences between cooperative federalism and dual federalism?
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In the 1950s and 1960s, the proclamation of states' rights was usually made by those opposing the national government's efforts in the area of:
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The constitutional requirement that the states return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment is known as:
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What is federalism?
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Business interests have traditionally found their demands received most favorably by:
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A tuition difference between in-state and out-of-state students is an example of:
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The power to directly regulate drinking ages, marriage and divorce, and sexual behavior has been granted:
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Which of the following is NOT an effect of federalism: It simplifies the governmental system.
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If the allocation of power under dual federalism were compared to a cake, it would be most like:
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About ________ of the funds state and local governments spend comes from the federal government.
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If the allocation of power in a cooperative federal system were compared to a cake, it would be most like:
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The enumerated powers of Congress and the national government are those:
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What is fiscal federalism?
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Which of the following statements is TRUE: Federal grants can put an unwanted financial burden on states.
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Over the last 125 years, the people of the United States have turned increasingly to the national government to solve problems or provide assistance because:
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The National Defense Education Act, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the Interstate Highway System are all examples of:
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In ________ federalism, the powers and policy assignments of the different levels of government are distinct, like a layer cake.
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The Supreme Court case of McCulloch v. Maryland (1819):
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Study Notes
Main Functions of Government
- Federal government primarily creates and enforces laws across all states.
- State governments manage localized matters like education and healthcare, implementing policies for citizens' welfare.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism
- Disadvantages include inconsistencies in state programs and unequal resource allocation, leading to discrepancies in benefits (education, health).
- Advantages include a diffusion of power preventing tyranny, with shared authority enhancing citizens' involvement in governance.
Federal Government Influence on State Actions
- Federal financial allocations critically impact state and local budget decisions.
- Insufficient funding may result in cuts to essential programs and services at the state and local levels.
Cooperative vs. Dual Federalism
- Dual federalism features distinct, non-overlapping powers (analogous to a layer cake).
- Cooperative federalism allows shared powers between state and national levels (analogous to a marble cake).
States' Rights and Civil Rights Movement
- In the 1950s and 1960s, states' rights were often claimed in opposition to federal civil rights initiatives aimed at African Americans.
Extradition Clause
- The constitutional requirement for states to return individuals charged with crimes to their original state for trial is known as extradition.
Definition of Federalism
- Federalism is defined as a system where power is shared between state and national governments.
Business Interests and State Governments
- Historically, business requests have been more favorably addressed by state governments compared to the federal level.
Tuition Differences Impacting Privileges and Immune Clauses
- Variations in tuition fees for in-state versus out-of-state students exemplify exceptions to the privileges and immunities clause.
Power of State Governments
- State governments are granted authority to regulate matters like drinking ages, marriage, and divorce.
Effect of Federalism
- Federalism does not simplify governance; it adds complexity to the governmental structure.
Cake Analogy for Dual Federalism
- Dual federalism resembles a layer cake, illustrating clear separations between state and federal powers.
Funding Sources for State and Local Governments
- Approximately 25% of funds spent by state and local governments are sourced from federal allocations.
Cake Analogy for Cooperative Federalism
- Cooperative federalism is illustrated as a marbled cake, where distinctions between powers blend seamlessly.
Enumerated Powers of Congress
- Enumerated powers are those explicitly detailed in the Constitution, defining the scope of federal authority.
Fiscal Federalism
- Fiscal federalism encompasses the patterns of government spending, taxation, and grant allocation within the federal system.
Federal Grants and States
- Federal grants can impose financial burdens on states, complicating their budgetary responsibilities.
Shift to National Government
- Increased reliance on the national government over the past 125 years stems from the complexity of problems requiring national authority and resources.
Examples of Cooperative Federalism
- The National Defense Education Act, Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the Interstate Highway System exemplify cooperative federalism in action.
Characteristics of Dual Federalism
- In dual federalism, government powers and responsibilities are distinctly allocated, akin to a layer cake.
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
- Landmark Supreme Court case establishing the supremacy of federal laws over state laws, solidifying the concept of implied powers.
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Description
Explore the essential functions of federal and state governments while examining the advantages and disadvantages of federalism. This quiz delves into key concepts that help understand the sharing of power in a governmental structure. Test your knowledge and enhance your understanding of government dynamics.
