Gout and Uric Acid Metabolism

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What is the primary feature of amyloidosis?

Autoimmune reaction

Vascular occlusion

Abnormal protein fibrils deposition (correct)

Chronic inflammatory response

Which of the following is a common cause of amyloidosis?

Asthma

Obesity

Long-term hemodialysis (correct)

Chronic hypertension

What is the characteristic of amyloid deposits on T2-weighted images?

Low signal intensity (correct)

High signal intensity

Intermediate signal intensity

Variable signal intensity

What is the typical presentation of amyloidosis in the spine?

Discitis or neuropathic disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a frequent presentation of amyloidosis?

Shoulder pain and carpal tunnel syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of amyloid deposits on T1-weighted images?

Intermediate to low signal intensity Signup and view all the answers

What is the enhancement pattern of amyloid deposits?

Peripheral enhancement Signup and view all the answers

What is the joint manifestation of amyloidosis?

Joint space widening Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of amyloidosis based on?

Type of amyloid protein produced Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of amyloid deposits on contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images?

Marginal enhancement Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of soft tissue swelling in acute gout attacks?

Asymmetric swelling at the joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chronic tophaceous gout on radiographs?

Calcification of tophi can occur in severe renal disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of 'rat bite' erosions on radiographs?

Overhanging edge is made up of newly formed bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tendon infiltration in gout?

Tendon thickening and predisposition to tendon tear Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tophi on US?

Hyperechoic and poorly defined Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tophi on CT?

Attenuation is highly variable Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of flares in CPPD?

Days or weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints is most commonly affected in CPPD?

Knee Signup and view all the answers

What is the gold standard for evaluating CPPD?

Evaluation of synovial fluid for CPP Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of CPP crystals in CPPD?

Short and weakly positive birefringent Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of gouty tophus on radiographs?

May show amorphous calcification Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of gouty tophus on MRI?

Low signal intensity on T1-weighted and variably high or low signal on T2-weighted Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of OA with CPPD?

Less involvement of the IP joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of erosions in gout?

Sharply marginated and may be intraarticular or paraarticular Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical presentation of HADD?

Calcific tendinitis, calcific bursitis, and calcific periarthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis made by in gout?

Inspection of the synovial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cartilage calcification due to CPP crystal deposition?

Chondrocalcinosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acute CPP crystal arthritis?

Rapid onset of joint inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of elimination of uric acid?

Renal excretion Signup and view all the answers

What is a common underlying factor contributing to gout?

Chronic renal disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a dietary factor that may contribute to gout?

A diet high in purines Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical demographic affected by gout?

Middle-aged or elderly males Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of excessive alcohol consumption on uric acid?

Results in both uric acid overproduction and underexcretion Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of high urate concentrations in the body?

Formation of uric acid crystals Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common musculoskeletal manifestation of amyloidosis?

Subchondral lucent lesions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common site of involvement in amyloidosis?

Wrist Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical MRI appearance of amyloid deposits?

Low to intermediate signal intensity on all pulse sequences Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of tendon involvement in amyloidosis?

Tendon tear Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following conditions is amyloidosis often seen?

Chronic renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical appearance of vertebral involvement in amyloidosis?

Disc narrowing with endplate sclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Congo red stain in biopsy?

To identify amyloid deposits Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of soft tissue involvement in amyloidosis?

Masslike deposits of amyloid Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following conditions is musculoskeletal involvement rare?

Familial Mediterranean fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of spine involvement in amyloidosis?

Destructive changes at the disc Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of treatment for HADD?

NSAIDs and aspiration/irrigation of the calcified material Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of HA on MRI?

Low signal on all pulse sequences Signup and view all the answers

Why is CT sometimes necessary in the diagnosis of HADD?

To show the typical amorphous calcification better than radiographs Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of HADD on ultrasound?

An amorphous focus of increased echogenicity with variable degrees of acoustic shadowing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of β2 microglobulin accumulation in patients on long-term hemodialysis?

Formation of amyloid fibrils Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible joint manifestation of amyloidosis?

Erosive changes in joints or vertebral endplates Signup and view all the answers