Gout and Kidney Disorders Quiz

<p>Abnormal PRPP synthetase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In rapid growing malignant tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal failure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1000 mg/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is an early indication of nephropathy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arginine vasopressin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uremia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver Function Test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serum creatinine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes of elevated BUN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal parenchymal damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uremia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creatinine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parathyroid hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea cycle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early stage nephropathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose from glycolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gout (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<blockquote> <p>1000 mg/day (B)</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteinuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overflow proteinuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemolytic conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High serum urea compared to creatinine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gout (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolic acidosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tubular proteinuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through the kidney (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal calculi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intrinsic kidney disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transient proteinuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Catabolism of nucleic acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Precipitation of sodium urate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creatinine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pre-renal failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low GFR with increased BUN and creatinine levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urea concentration in urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjust drug dosage for kidney-excreted drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vascular obstruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$C_{clearance} = \frac{U/P \times V}{A}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased secretion of ADH and aldosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A laboratory test that measures urea nitrogen in the blood, assessing kidney function.

The volume of filtrate formed per unit time by all nephrons in both kidneys.

A condition characterized by abnormally high levels of urea in the blood.

Elevated levels of both urea and creatinine in blood, indicating renal insufficiency.

A type of azotemia caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys.

A clinical condition caused by hyperuricemia, leading to painful inflammation.

The presence of 30–300 mg of albumin in urine daily, significant for early kidney disease.

Presence of excess protein in urine, indicative of kidney damage.

Regulation of water, electrolytes, and acid-base balance, and excretion of metabolic products.

A hormone that influences water balance in the body.

A hormone that affects sodium reabsorption in the nephron.

Promotes calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion in the kidneys.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of angiotensin I and aldosterone synthesis.

A blood marker used to evaluate kidney function.

The milliliters of plasma cleared of creatinine by kidneys per minute.

The volume of filtrate produced by all nephrons in a kidney per minute.

A substance used to measure GFR accurately.

A sudden decline in kidney function, indicated by low GFR.

Acute renal failure due to reduced blood supply to kidneys.

Hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body.

High urea/creatinine levels, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis.

Obstruction leading to back pressure reduces glomerular filtration.

Abnormally high uric acid levels in the blood.

Formed from purine metabolism, including DNA and RNA breakdown.

70% of urate is excreted through kidneys, 30% through the gut.

Caused by the kidney's inability to excrete hydrogen ions.

Increased small molecular weight proteins in urine due to excess in blood, like hemoglobin or myoglobin.

Presence of hemoglobin in urine, often due to hemolytic conditions.

Presence of myoglobin in urine, usually following muscle injury.

Occurs with tubular damage, leading to low molecular weight proteins in urine.

A small protein filtered by kidneys, used as a marker for tubular damage.

Temporary proteinuria linked to physical activity or illness.

Proteinuria that is more pronounced when upright as opposed to prone position.

High BUN can be due to prerenal or renal causes indicating kidney issues.

A waste product that can cause crystal deposits in joints and urinary tract, leading to gout and kidney stones.

Gout that is often idiopathic or familial, sometimes due to enzyme defects like abnormal PRPP synthetase.

Gout caused by increased production or reduced excretion of uric acid, due to factors like cancer or kidney failure.

Protein in urine due to damage to the glomeruli, increasing permeability to plasma proteins.

A measurement used to differentiate types of proteinuria and assess kidney function.