Gonorrhea Signs and Symptoms Quiz

A component of Neisseria spp. that contains endotoxin, a substance responsible for triggering immune responses and potentially causing inflammation.

Porins are proteins that form channels in the bacterial cell wall, which allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste. Additionally, they impede phagocytosis by preventing the fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes.

Neisseria meningitidis enters the body via phagocytes, specifically by hiding within them, thus evading immune detection.

Neisseria meningitidis infections are more common in older adolescents and young adults. This is likely due to factors like close living arrangements, increased social interaction, and less effective immunity.

Meningitis, an inflammation of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, is the most frequent complication of a Neisseria meningitidis infection.

Fulminant meningococcal septicemia is a severe, rapidly progressing form of Neisseria meningitidis infection, characterized by a hallmark symptom of bleeding in the eyes.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmissions are particularly high among individuals between 15 and 24 years old. This age group often engages in more sexual activity, contributing to higher infection rates.

Women are more likely to be asymptomatic carriers of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meaning they can carry the bacteria without exhibiting symptoms but can still transmit it to partners.

M-protein on Streptococcus pyogenes binds to fibrinogen, a clotting protein, interfering with the complement system's ability to eliminate bacteria.

Streptolysin O (SLO) is an exotoxin produced by Streptococcus pyogenes that can lyse (rupture) leukocytes, effectively weakening the host immune system.

Hyaluronidase, an enzyme released by Streptococcus pyogenes, breaks down hyaluronic acid, a substance found in connective tissue, facilitating the bacteria's spread through tissues.

Lipoteichoic acid is a surface molecule on Streptococcus pyogenes that helps the bacteria to adhere to host cells, facilitating colonization and potential infection.

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPE A) is a crucial exotoxin for diagnosis because its levels can be measured using the ASO titer test, helping to detect a Streptococcus pyogenes infection.

Streptococcus pyogenes produces a DNAse known as invasin DNAse that degrades extracellular DNA, removing barriers and facilitating the bacteria's movement within tissues.

Fibrinogen-binding protein (FbP) on Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for attaching to host cell receptors, allowing the bacteria to bind and colonize tissues.

Streptolysin S (SLS) is an exotoxin produced by Streptococcus pyogenes that causes lysis of leukocytes through beta-hemolysis, resulting in weakening of the host immune response.